Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is known that central administration of prostaglandins of the E series has marked effects on body temperature. The purpose in the present experiments was to learn whether stable analogs of the cyclic endoperoxide precursors of PGE2, PGF2alpha and PGD2, injected into the primary temperature control in the preoptic/anterior (PO/AH) hypothalamic region and into a presumed secondary control in the medulla oblongata, can produce rises in body temperature similar to those caused by PGE2. Injection of the analogs U-44069 and U-46619 (1.0 and 2.0 microng) into the PO/AH region of the rat, where both PGE2 and PGE1 caused hyperthermia, had no effect on Tre. Likewise, injections into the medulla oblongata, in the region where PGE2 and PGE1 caused hypothermia, were ineffective in altering body temperature. That neurons important to the control of body temperature are selectively sensitive to PGE2 and not to analogs of prostaglandin precursors suggests that local cyclic endoperoxides can influence body temperature only through bioconversion to prostaglandin.
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PMID:Analogs of endoperoxide precursors of prostaglandins: failure to affect body temperature when injected into primary and secondary central temperature controls. 84 28

Exposure of rats to 1-15 Gy of gamma radiation induced hyperthermia, whereas exposure to 20-150 Gy produced hypothermia. Since radiation exposure induced the release of prostaglandins (PGs) and histamine, the role of PGs and histamine in radiation-induced temperature changes was examined. Radiation-induced hyper- and hypothermia were antagonized by pretreatment with indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Intracerebroventricular administration of PGE2 and PGD2 induced hyper- and hypothermia, respectively. Administration of SC-19220, a specific PGE2 antagonist, attenuated PGE2- and radiation-induced hyperthermia, but it did not antagonize PGD2- or radiation-induced hypothermia. Consistent with an apparent role of histamine in hypothermia, administration of disodium cromoglycate (a mast cell stabilizer), mepyramine (H1-receptor antagonist), or cimetidine (H2-receptor antagonist) attenuated PGD2- and radiation-induced hypothermia. These results suggest that radiation-induced hyperthermia is mediated via PGE2 and that radiation-induced hypothermia is mediated by another PG, possibly PGD2, via histamine.
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PMID:Involvement of prostaglandins and histamine in radiation-induced temperature responses in rats. 230 Jun 72

When living organisms become sick as a result of a bacterial infection, a suite of brain-mediated responses occur, including fever, anorexia and sleepiness. Systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a common constituent of bacterial cell walls, increases body temperature and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in animals and induces the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins (PGs). PGE2 is the principal mediator of fever, and both PGE2 and PGD2 regulate sleep-wake behavior. The extent to which PGE2 and PGD2 are involved in the effect of LPS on NREM sleep remains to be clarified. Therefore, we examined LPS-induced changes in body temperature and NREM sleep in mice with nervous system-specific knockouts (KO) for the PGE2 receptors type EP3 or EP4, in mice with total body KO of microsomal PGE synthase-1 or the PGD2 receptor type DP, and in mice treated with the cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor meloxicam. We observed that LPS-induced NREM sleep was slightly attenuated in mice lacking EP4 receptors in the nervous system, but was not affected in any of the other KO mice or in mice pretreated with the COX inhibitor. These results suggest that the effect of LPS on NREM sleep is partially dependent on PGs and is likely mediated mainly by other pro-inflammatory substances. In addition, our data show that the main effect of LPS on body temperature is hypothermia in the absence of nervous system EP3 receptors or in the presence of a COX inhibitor.
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PMID:The roles of prostaglandin E2 and D2 in lipopolysaccharide-mediated changes in sleep. 2553 85

Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is associated with a diverse array of functions in mammals including regulation of appetite, body temperature, sleep, and immune responses. Although much is known about the effects of PGD2 in mammals, there is a lack of information about its effects in birds. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine if intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intraperitoneal (IP) injections of PGD2 affect feeding, voluntary movement, crop-emptying rate, corticosterone release, and cloacal temperature in chicks (Gallus gallus). ICV injection of PGD2 was associated with a reduction in food intake, a reduction in voluntary movement, an increase in the time spent sitting, a decline in crop emptying rate, and also short-term hypothermia. Central injection of PGD2 also decreased the plasma glucose concentration in chicks while it tended to increase the plasma corticosterone concentration. On the other hand, except for crop emptying, such physiological changes are not observed after IP injection of PGD2. In sum, the present study suggests that PGD2 induces anorexia, change in behavior, decline in crop empting rate, hypoglycemia and hypothermia, but most of these effects are exerted via central nervous system in chicks.
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PMID:Physiological response to central and peripheral injection of prostaglandin D2 in chicks. 2993 41