Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 64-year-old male with an incomplete spinal cord injury had been taking baclofen 20 mg tid for 2 1/2 months without side effects. His blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine rose from 13 and 0.9 mg%, respectively, to 59 and 2.8 mg% after ibuprofen 600 mg tid was begun. The patient displayed baclofen toxicity, developing confusion, disorientation, bradycardia, and hypothermia. His blood pressure dropped and he complained of blurred vision. Ibuprofen discontinuation and fluid repletion corrected the renal indices. Rapid tapering of baclofen was accompanied by reversal of baclofen toxicity. Patients taking baclofen must be monitored closely for toxicity when declining renal function is present. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of renal insufficiency developing when ibuprofen is initiated. This case demonstrates the potential for ibuprofen-induced renal insufficiency to reduce baclofen clearance, thereby leading to baclofen toxicity. Published reports of ibuprofen-induced renal insufficiency are reviewed and pertinent pharmacokinetics of baclofen discussed.
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PMID:Baclofen toxicity associated with declining renal clearance after ibuprofen. 648 61

Sarin (O-isopropylmethylphosphonofluoridate) is a highly toxic nerve agent produced for chemical warfare. Sarin is an extremely potent acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitor with high specificity and affinity for the enzyme. Death by sarin is due to anoxia resulting from airway obstruction, weakness of the muscles of respiration, convulsions and respiratory failure. The main clinical symptoms of acute toxicity of sarin are seizures, tremors and hypothermia. Exposure to sarin during incidents in Japan in 1994, 1995 and 1998, and possible exposure to low levels of sarin during the Gulf War, resulted in the deaths and injury of many people in Japan and caused possible long-term health effects on Gulf War veterans. Symptoms related to sarin poisoning in Japan still exist 1-3 years after the incident and include fatigue, asthenia, shoulder stiffness and blurred vision. Sarin produced seizures in rats and pigs. Recent studies showed that long-term exposure to low levels of sarin caused neurophysiological and behavioral alterations. Toxicity from sarin significantly increased following concurrent exposure to other chemicals such as pyridostigmine bromide. Further research to examine effects of sarin on the cellular and the molecular levels, gene transcription, endocrine system as well as its long-term impact is needed.
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PMID:Sarin: health effects, metabolism, and methods of analysis. 1238 97