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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied a patient with spontaneous periodic hypothermia, agenesis of corpus callosum (Shapiro's syndrome), polydipsia polyuria, and hyponatremia. Endocrine evaluation of hypothalamic-pituitary unit, thyroid, adrenals and gonads was normal. Results of a water deprivation test implied primary polydipsia. Four of 10 reported cases of Shapiro's syndrome had abnormalities in water metabolism. In view of the known effects of arginine vasopressin in thermoregulation, the recurrent hypothermia of this syndrome and the abnormalities of water metabolism may have a common pathogenetic mechanism.
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PMID:Spontaneous periodic hypothermia. 653 57

Alterations in both physiologic and behavioral functions were assessed in unanesthetized rats after a unilateral injection of kainic acid (KA) in the striatum. The immediate behavioral effects were dyskinesias, head swaying, circling, tail elevation, hyperpnea and marked salivation. The induced behavioral responses lasted for about 14 to 18 h. Rats with intrastriatal KA injection, although showing no thermoregulatory deficit at both moderate (22 degrees C) and hot (30 degrees C) environmental temperatures, displayed a lower metabolism and a lower rectal temperature than the preinjection controls in the cold (8 degrees C) environment. In addition, the hypothermia induced by intrastriatal administration of apomorphine (dopamine agonist) was greatly antagonized by pretreatment with intrastriatal injection of KA. Furthermore, intrastriatal infusions of KA (1 microgram in 0.5 microliter) also caused a decrease in pain threshold (or in the latency to the hind-paw lick on the hot plate test), hypophagia, polydipsia, and weight loss. The induced alterations in thermoregulation, pain reflex, and ingestive behavior lasted for about 7 days. These data indicate that striatal neurons are involved in the central control of motor activity, thermoregulation, the pain reflex, and ingestive behavior.
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PMID:Effects of kainic acid injections in the striatum on physiologic and behavioral functions in conscious rats. 669 Mar 26

On 28 June 1969, a macaque monkey was boosted into orbit for a projected 30-day flight. It was aborted after 8 1/2 days and the monkey died 16 hours later. Data collected indicate: Weightlessness and the hypothermia acted to shift blood volume centrally; this provided a strong drive for the reduction of blood volume. Restraint, unusual vestibular sensations, and the continuing polydipsia all acted to disturb the central mechanisms affecting salt and water metabolism; it is probable that the function of the kidney was significantly affected and that an excessive amount of salt was lost. We can speculate that a serious electrolyte disturbance was superimposed on growing dehydration. Unpleasant vestibular sensations may have contributed to the high evaporative loss by autonomic disturbance, the whole problem being compounded and reinforced by the unnatural restraint to which the monkey was subjected.
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PMID:Biosatellite 3: a physiological interpretation. 1194 57

A 9-year-old female, domestic short hair cat was presented with sudden onset of polyuria/polydipsia, and hundreds of cutaneous nodules. Prior to referral, the cat had had four skin nodules that were treated with steroids. The four skin nodules then multiplied to form more than 100 ulcerated and nonulcerated nodules located all over the trunk. Clinical evaluation revealed hypothermia and respiratory distress. Cytology from both skin nodules and bronchoalveolar lavage showed macrophages and small organisms whose shape and size were indicative of Toxoplasma spp., or similar organisms. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) serology results were negative. The cat was seropositive for Toxoplasma (IgG 1 : 640) and Neospora (1 : 80) infections. The cat died soon after referral. Necropsy revealed pyothorax, necrotic/purulent pneumonia, haemorrhagic spots on kidneys and mesentery. Histopathology from skin nodules showed diffuse, deep necrotic dermatitis/panniculitis, vasculitis and disseminated free and grouped protozoa. The parasites were found in lungs, spleen, kidneys and liver. Immunohistochemistry on skin tissue with anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies gave positive results with both. Electron microscopy showed single and grouped tachyzoites with morphological features of T. gondii, often within macrophages. Samples of cutaneous nodules and bronchoalveolar fluid were examined by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detecting apicomplexa coccidia. PCR results were consistent only with T. gondii infection. Therefore, immunohistochemistry positivity for N. caninum was considered a cross-reaction and a diagnosis of cutaneous and visceral toxoplasmosis was made.
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PMID:Feline cutaneous toxoplasmosis: a case report. 1584 45

Subcutaneous fat necrosis (SCFN) is a rare fat tissue inflammation of the newborn. Risk factors include cord prolapse, perinatal asphyxia, therapeutic hypothermia, meconium aspiration, and sepsis. When present, hypercalcemia comes with lethargy, hypotonia, irritability, vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia, constipation, and dehydration. Kidney injury must be avoided. SCFN is often completely autoresolutive.
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PMID:Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn. 2673 38

BACKGROUND IgG4-related disease is a systemic disease with marked infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells into affected organs and elevated serum IgG4. On clinical examination, swelling, nodules, and hypertrophic lesions might appear simultaneously or metachronously in different organs. CASE REPORT An 85-year-old man with sudden-onset polydipsia and polyuria insipidus was transported to our hospital because of hypothermia and general malaise. Laboratory tests revealed renal failure and central diabetes insipidus. According to his serum IgG4 level, the patient was diagnosed with possible IgG4-related kidney disease accompanied by IgG4-related hypophysitis. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography, hypophysis magnetic resonance imaging, and histological examination of the kidney were performed. Glucocorticoid therapy was administered and his renal function improved gradually. However, his central diabetes insipidus did not improve. CONCLUSIONS Glucocorticoid therapy showed different therapeutic effects on the kidney and posterior lobe of the hypophysis. It is possible that glucocorticoid therapy needs to be supported by other immunomodulatory therapies to have an effect on all affected organs.
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PMID:IgG4-Related Disease Manifesting as Interstitial Nephritis Accompanied by Hypophysitis. 2855 2