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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the period 1957--1976 481 patients under 40 years of age were operated on. Dyspnoea and increased fatigue were dominating symptoms in more than half of the series. In 202 cases the anomaly was discovered at routine examination in the absence of relevant symptoms. Almost half of the patients were operated under hypothermia, in the others extracorporeal perfusion was used. Four hospital deaths occurred, two of which were related to cardiopulmonary bypass.
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PMID:Atrial septal defect of secundum type in patients under 40 years of age. A review of 481 operated cases. Symptoms, signs, treatment and early results. 47 71

Twenty-two patients with congenital valvular aortic stenosis were surgically treated between 1967 and July 1975. Five (23%) were under 1 year of age (group I) and 17 (77%) were between 2 and 24 years (group II). All infants exhibited severe congestive heart failure and electrocardiographi (ECG) evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with strain pattern. In group II, angina was present in three cases, syncope and fatigue in two; the ECG indicated LVH in 10 cases (59%) with strain pattern in five (29%). A bicuspid aortic valve was present in 77% (17/22) of the cases; 32% had other cardiac anomalies. Aortic valvotomy was performed on cardiopulmonary bypass in 20 cases, and with deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest in two. Three infants under 1 month of age with associated anomalies died (hospital mortality 14%). Intraoperative average peak left ventricular-aortic systolic pressure gradient decreased from 86 to 21 mmHg (P less than 0.001). Late clinical (in all cases) and haemodynamic (26%) follow-up showed severe restenosis in two patients of group II; one of them had a second operation, the other one died three and a half years postoperatively. Results assessed on the basis of symptoms, ECG changes, aortic valve function, and/or haemodynamic findings were fair in the two surviving infants. Results in group II were excellent in three, satisfactory in seven, fair in four, and poor in two cases. In infants, aortic valvotomy is a palliative procedure which carries a high risk. In the older age group, early and late results are more gratifying.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of congenital valvular aortic stenosis. 96 96

The possibility that peripheral hypothermia may impair muscular performance in various sports led us to assess the usefulness of the Wingate anaerobic power test in subjects with normal and cooled leg muscles. Using this test without modification, peak power, average power output, and cumulated work to the point of fatigue were all decreased by cooling, although the fatigue index (the declining rate of change of power output) was less. It is concluded that this test could usefully be employed in field studies to assess the possibility that muscle chilling may influence a person's potential for producing maximal bursts of muscular work.
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PMID:Effects of cooling the legs on performance in a standard Wingate anaerobic power test. 181 Jun 13

Clinical symptoms of 32 stutterers--schoolchildren of 14-year average age were evaluated according to the questionnaire containing 45 complaints of tetanic syndrome. We found headache, fatigue, anxiety, paresthesias and hypothermia of limbs in 30 per cent of this group. More than 80 per cent of the patients had positive Chvostek sign and 60 per cent had positive ischemic and hyperventilation tests.
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PMID:Tetanic syndrome questionnaire in stutterers. 183 77

Hypothermia has altered the course of military history. Military casualties tend to occur in epidemics, associated with cold weather combat or maneuvers, trauma, immobilization, improper clothing, exhaustion, and underlying illness. Symptoms of hypothermia begin subtly with fatigue and loss of concentration, but progress to stupor, coma, and resemble rigor mortis. Treatment of mild hypothermia is with body heat and warm clothes and fluids. Moderate and severe cases require gentle evacuation and active core rewarming method(s). Inhalation of warm (40 degrees C, 104 degrees F) humidified oxygen is safe, effective, and can be begun in the field. Recognition of risk factors and active measures can lessen the menance of cold weather for military personnel.
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PMID:Hypothermia: threat to military operations. 190 77

In ten lightly anaesthetized dogs breathing spontaneously, we studied diaphragmatic force generation (Pdi 10, 30, 100 Hz and single twitch) and ventilatory control (P 0, 1, Vt/Ti and respiratory frequency). We found CO2 retention proportional to hypothermia (Fig. 3). The TP was not changed while VMxA and VMxD decreased (Table 1). High frequency fatigue and low frequency potentiation were found (Fig. 1, 2). These changes do not explain CO2 retention which correlated with fall in central drive (P 0, 1, Vt/Ti, Fig. 3, 4) and respiratory timing (respiratory frequency, Fig. 4).
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PMID:[Diaphragmatic strength and ventilatory control in experimental hypothermia]. 213 Feb 40

The diaphragm is a skeletal muscle of mixed fiber type that is unique in its requirement to maintain contractile function and fatigue resistance across a wide range of temperatures to sustain alveolar ventilation under conditions of hypo- or hyperthermia. The direct effect of temperature (15-41 degrees C) on rat diaphragm isometric contractility and fatigue was determined in vitro. As temperature decreased from 37 to 15 degrees C, contraction and relaxation times increased, and there was a left shift of the diaphragm's force-frequency curve, with decreased contractility at 41 and 15 degrees C. Fatigue was induced by 10 min of stimulation with 30 trains/min of 5 Hz at a train duration of 900 ms. Compared with 37 degrees C, fatigue resistance was enhanced at 25 degrees C, but no difference in fatigue indexes was evident at extreme hypothermia (15 degrees C) or hyperthermia (41 degrees C). Only when the fatigue program was adjusted to account for hypothermia-induced increases in tension-time indexes was fatigue resistance evident at 15 degrees C. These findings indicate that despite the diaphragm's unique location as a core structure, necessitating exposure to in vivo temperatures higher than found in limb muscle, the temperature dependence of rat diaphragm muscle contractility and fatigue is similar to that reported for limb muscle of mixed fiber type.
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PMID:Temperature dependence of rat diaphragm muscle contractility and fatigue. 227 67

Hemodynamic and metabolic effects of fructose-1,6-diphosphate (F.D.P.) and dichloroacetate sodium (D.C.A.) administration were studied in 17 mongrel dogs during experimentally induced hemorrhagic shock using a modified Wigger's technique. During the oligemic period, which was maintained for 3 hours, a control group of animals (A) received a 5% glucose solution at a rate of 3 mg/kg/min, while the treated group (B) received D.C.A. (175 mg/kg for 30 minutes) and F.D.P. (5 mg/kg/min) as aqueous solutions. After retransfusion of the shed blood, both groups of animals were left to recover. All eight dogs of the control group died within 3 hours following the experiment, while six out of the nine treated dogs survived during a week of follow-up (p = 0.007). Two hours after retransfusion, blood pressure and cardiac index in group B returned to control levels (115 +/- 4.8 mmHg and 0.097 +/- 0.008 liters/min/kg), while group A demonstrated a rapid and progressive deterioration (64 +/- 9.7 mmHg and 0.041 +/- 0.005 liters/min/kg). Severe core hypothermia (down to 33.3 degrees C) developed in group A dogs despite retransfusion, while a normal core temperature was maintained in the treated dogs. Calculated oxygen consumption during the oligemic period was significantly higher in group B animals despite similar calculated oxygen delivery in both groups of animals. Hyperlactemia was significantly lower in group B animals despite F.D.P. administration. This can be attributed to the addition of D.C.A. to the treatment. F.D.P. and D.C.A. administration prevented the occurrence of respiratory failure resulting, most probably, from respiratory muscle fatigue owing to depressed metabolic rate and increased lactate formation in these muscles during the shock period. It is suggested that administration of F.D.P. and D.C.A. during hemorrhagic shock in dogs has a favorable effect on the outcome of this life-threatening condition.
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PMID:Successful treatment of irreversible hemorrhagic shock in dogs with fructose-1,6 diphosphate and dichloroacetate. 397 67

Rectal temperature was measured in 62 male runners who competed in the 1983 Dundee marathon race: all measurements were made immediately after the race. Competitors' times were noted at 5, 10, 15 and 20 miles (8.0, 16.1, 24.1, 32.2 km) and at the finish (26.2 miles, 42.2 km). Mean finishing time of the group was 3 hr 33 min +/- 48 min (mean +/- S.D.; range = 2 hr 17 min-5 hr 11 min). Mean running speed of the group decreased progressively as the distance covered increased. Mean post-race rectal temperature was 38.7 +/- 0.9 degrees C (range 35.6-40.3 degrees C). The post-race temperature was correlated (p less than 0.01) with the time taken to cover the last 6.2 miles (10 km) of the race, but not with the overall finishing time (p greater than 0.05). Only the fastest runners were able to maintain an approximately constant pace throughout the race, whereas the slower runners slowed down progressively. The runners with the highest post-race temperature, although not necessarily the fastest runners, also tended to maintain a steady pace throughout. The runners with the lowest post-race temperature slowed down markedly only over the last 6.2 mile section of the race. The results clearly indicate that runners forced by fatigue or injury to slow down in the latter stages of races held at low ambient temperatures may already be hypothermic or at serious risk of hypothermia.
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PMID:Rectal temperature after marathon running. 409 38

Minaprine (3-[2-morpholino-ethlamino]-4-methyl-6-phenyl-pyridazine dihydrochloride; 30038CM; trade name in France: Cantor) is a new psychotropic drug. The therapeutic profile of minaprine differs from that of other known psychotropic agents; in man the drug antagonizes the "inhibitory syndrome" characterized by decreased spontaneous activity, reduction in basic drives, slowed thoughts, feelings of tiredness and social withdrawal. Preliminary clinical trials have indicated that minaprine may also be effective in certain depressive states. This finding prompted us to study the effects of minaprine in animal models for depression. Like most antidepressants minaprine antagonizes behavioral despair, but the effect exhibits a slow onset and maximal activity is reached 24 h after administration. Minaprine also antagonizes reserpine-induced ptosis, this effect has a rapid onset, and is long-lasting. In contrast, minaprine poorly antagonizes reserpine-induced hypothermia. Unlike most antidepressants minaprine does not potentiate yohimbine-induced lethality. Minaprine potently antagonizes prochlorperazine-induced catalepsy in rats and potentiates amphetamine-induced stereotyped behavior, suggesting that the drug may enhance dopaminergic transmission. Finally, minaprine does not antagonize either oxotremorine-induced tremors or physiostigmine-induced lethality. Taken together the results of the present study indicate that minaprine is active on certain, but not all, animal models for depression and suggest the drug may have a potential clinical utility in the treatment of human depressions.
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PMID:Pharmacological evaluation of minaprine dihydrochloride, a new psychotropic drug. 689 Mar 59


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