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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of hypothermia (4 degrees C) on the components of the cholinergic system of the ileal longitudinal muscle and the adherent Auerbach's plexus of the guinea pig ileum have been investigated. Acetylcholine (ACh) content of the muscle was determined by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. It decreased from 119 to a fairly steady level of 16 nmol/g of wet tissue during the first 72 h of cold storage at 4 degrees C under anoxic conditions. Concomitantly, responsiveness to intramural electrical stimulation decreased by 72%. Cholinesterase (ChE) and choline acetyltransferase (ChA) activities each dropped by 40% during this period. However, the de novo synthesis of ACh over the period of study did not change significantly. The response of the preparation to the exogenously applied ACh remained fairly constant suggesting that the changes in the cholinergic receptor are not accountable for the decrease in responsiveness to intramural stimulation. From the results of this study, it has been concluded that cold storage for 5 days leads to: (1) a significant decline in ACh content within 72 h of storage; (2) a decrease in ChE and ChA activities; (3) no significant effect on the cholinergic receptor; and (4) a decrease in responsiveness to intramural electrical stimulation which is probably due to a malfunction of the ACh-releasing mechanism.
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PMID:Effects of cooling on the levels of acetylcholine, cholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase and the intramural electrical stimulation on the guinea pig ileum. 62 70

Cholinesterase inhibitors induce changes in plasma hormones in the rat. Since these compounds induce hypothermia the question has been raised as to whether the endocrine responses are secondary to the fall in core temperature. The time course of the changes in temperature and plasma levels of corticosterone, growth hormone and prolactin have been examined following injection of diisopropylphosphofluoridate (DFP), soman or physostigmine. All three cholinesterase inhibitors caused an initial rise in corticosterone; DFP decreased growth hormone; physostigmine reduced prolactin. The time course of the hypothermia after DFP and soman did not correlate with that of the rise in corticosterone. The data do not suggest that the hormone changes are secondary to the temperature change.
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PMID:Relationship between the temperature and endocrine changes induced by cholinesterase inhibitors. 358 58

The biodisposition of [3H]diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and its metabolites was studied in mice after inhalation administration. In addition, the time course of DFP-induced cholinesterase inhibition in selected tissues, hypothermia, and motor coordination were studied to determine a possible correlation with [3H]DFP, or its metabolites. The time course of tissue concentrations of [3H]DFP showed that [3H]DFP rapidly penetrated all tissues and was quickly hydrolyzed to [3H]diisopropylphosphoric acid (free [3H]DIP) or was covalently bound to tissue (bound [3H]DIP). By 1 hr, the greater portion of the radioactivity was in the form of bound [3H]DIP. Cholinesterase inhibition in brain, lung, diaphragm, and plasma was temporally related to concentrations of bound [3H]DIP between 5 min and 1 day, except at early time points for the lung. Motor incoordination (rotarod test) produced by DFP exposure had a rapid onset, with complete recovery by 10 hr. DFP-induced hypothermia (rectal temperature) had a very similar time-course profile to that of motor incoordination. The time course of hypothermia and motor incoordination was correlated with neither free [3H]DFP nor bound [3H]DIP concentrations in the brain, nor with cholinesterase inhibition in brain. These findings suggest that non-cholinesterase bound [3H]DIP may contribute to the depression of these centrally mediated effects.
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PMID:Relationship between the pharmacological effects and the biodisposition of [3H]diisopropylfluorophosphate in mice after inhalation. 403 91

Cholinesterase inhibitors that can pass the blood-brain barrier produce hypothermia when injected intravenously in just sublethal doses. From a comparison of the hypothermia-reducing effects of five cholinesterase-reactivating oximes when injected intraperitoneally or subarachnoidally into rats pretreated with DFP or soman it was possible to distinguish central and peripheral actions of the oximes. The comparative efficacy of the five oximes and the effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors in producing hypothermia in other animal species, including man, are discussed.
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PMID:The anticholinesterase hypothermia in the rat: its practical application in the study of the central effectiveness of oximes. 531 45