Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the open-chested dog, coronary flow reduction results in a decrese of regional myocardial temperature (T). We assessed the contribution of T decrease to changes in refractoriness and conduction delay attributed to ischemia. The independent effect of regional hypothermia on effective refractory period (ERP) was a linear function of the temperature (ERP = -b T +a) with a -r = 0.97 0.02 in 11 dogs. The effect on conduction time of a ventricular premature beat was a linear function of the dog T at both endocardium (-r = 0.95 +/- 0.02) and epicardium (-r = 0.96 +/- 0.01). A 75% reduction in coronary flow resulted in a mean T decrease of 1.0 +/- 0.3 degrees C. The T decrease was sufficient to mask the effects of ischemia on shortening of the ERP. Furthermore, the conduction delay of ventricular premature beats during 75% coronary flow reduction could be accounted for by the decrease in T alone in five of seven dogs. We conclude that changes in refractoriness and conduction during acute coronary flow reduction in the open-chested dog are due to the composite effects of ischemia and the decrease in regional temperature. The open-chested model may have important limitations in understanding the electrophysiologic effects of acute coronary insufficiency. However, it may have important applications in defining the electrophysiologic environment at the time of coronary artery surgery.
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PMID:Electrophysiologic effects of partial coronary flow reduction in the exposed canine heart. Effects of ischemia and ischemic-induced regional hypothermia on refractoriness and conduction delay. 68 78

Five infants (22-42 days of life) underwent arterial switch operation for simple transposition of the great arteries under deep hypothermic cardio-pulmonary bypass. Three babies required prostaglandin E1 infusion to keep ductus arteriosus opened widely before surgery. Balloon atrioseptostomy was necessary in 0-10 days of life in all babies because of poor condition. Left to right ventricular peak pressure ratio ranged from 0.75 to 0.86, preoperatively. Four of the five survived the operation, and one died of coronary insufficiency because of kinking of the implanted coronary artery. Hypothermic circulatory arrest was used in three (38-41 minutes). Aortic cross clamp time was 70-100 minutes, and cold crystalloid cardioplegia was given only one time just after aortic clamp in 3 babies. Single dose of cardioplegia protected left ventricular muscle well in babies with transposition of the great arteries as same as multiple dose method used in those with ventricular septal defect.
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PMID:[Arterial switch operation for simple transposition of the great arteries in infancy]. 279 90

Some of the patients who suffer from cerebral ischemia may at the same time have coronary insufficiency. For such cases, not only extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass but also cardiac revascularization is considered to be necessary. One-stage surgery of both carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has not infrequently been published. However, the combination of EC-IC bypass and CABG is rarely reported in the literature. The indication of EC-IC bypass and/or CABG for such patients above stated has been searched for. In fact, CABG runs the risk of aggravating cerebral ischemia and/or intracranial hemorrhage by inevitable hypotension, hypothermia and heparinization of a large amount, while EC-IC bypass may safely be carried out so long as cardiac conditions are carefully controlled during the operation. It is consequently presumed that the preliminary EC-IC bypass followed by CABG seems to be the method of choice for simultaneous carotid and coronary ischemia. Two cases underwent the staged revascularization, first for the brain and next for the heart, with a successful result are reported in the present paper.
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PMID:[Revascularization for simultaneous carotid and coronary ischemia]. 350 Oct 72

Autopsies from 34 fatalities in nursing homes covering a 10-year period (1991-2000) were retrospectively analyzed with regard to criminal investigative issues, causes of death and relevance of the forensic medical findings for the outcome of the criminal investigations. The material consisted of 22 females and 12 males, with the ages ranging from 62 to 102. The allegations to be investigated comprised wrongful death, improper nursing, medical maltreatment, suspicion of poisoning and the causal relationship between falls and the occurrence of death. The manner of death, respectively cause of death encountered included 21 deaths from natural cause (coronary insufficiency, pneumonia), 9 accidental deaths (hypothermia, choking, scalding burns and injuries due to fall) and 4 cases which remained undetermined. In 30 out of 34 cases, the cause of death was unequivocally established. In every case, the medicolegal investigation provided adequate evidence for the legal assessment. Of particular significance was the exclusion of a causal relationship between falls and the occurrence of death. Without exception, all investigations failed to uncover criminal causes for death in this sample.
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PMID:[Causes of death in nursing homes--a retrospective autopsy study]. 1575 84