Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Accidents are the most frequent cause of mortality among children older than one year. Thus, the need to proceed to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during the early phases of trauma life support (TLS) is always a possibility. Trauma is a special situation in CPR: expected problems (i.e., hemorrhage, pneumo-hemothorax, hypothermia, and difficult intubation and vascular access), specific therapeutic actions (i.e., helmet retrieval and cervical spine immobilization), and exceptions to standard CPR guidelines (i.e., contraindication for the head tilt-chin lift manoeuvre) can arise. Therefore, TLS and CPR interventions must be appropriately integrated. TLS is considered a method (much like CPR). It combines organization and leadership with competent, structured and timely actions. Appropriate intervention within the first few moments ("platinum half-hour" and " golden hour") and first day ("silver day") is essential. As in CPR, two modalities can be distinguished: basic TLS (on the scene, without technical resources) and advanced TLS (with resources). The acronym PAA summarizes basic TLS: Protect-Alert-Aid. The advanced TLS sequence includes the following: primary survey and initial stabilization, secondary survey, triage, transport, and definitive care. The main objective of the primary survey and initial stabilization phase is the identification and treatment of injuries with immediate potential to cause death. CPR in the context of TLS should be adapted to the special features of trauma. Particular attention should be paid to the cervical spine. While not specific for trauma care, the early and generous administration of oxygen should be emphasized.
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PMID:[Pediatric trauma life support and cardiopulmonary resuscitation]. 1204 51

Radio-chemo combination therapy has synergetic therapeutic effects on tumors. However, the tumor microenvironment, e.g. hypoxia and elevated H2S levels, limits its treatment efficacy. In this study, we developed a cisplatin-loaded, poly dopamine-coated and GE11 peptide-conjugated multi-functional theranostic system (GE11-PDA-Pt@USPIOs) based on poly acrylic acid-coated ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PAA@USPIOs) for modulation of the tumor hypoxic microenvironment and magnetic resonance imaging/photoacoustic imaging (MRI/PAI) guided radio-chemotherapy of tumors. The thick PAA coating on the USPIOs allowed highly efficient cisplatin loading by complexing the carboxylic groups on PAA with activated cisplatin. A subsequent thin layer of polydopamine (PDA) encapsulation following drug loading provided a means of further surface functionalization; it endowed the particles with photo-thermal properties but did not impede release of the drug or iron ions. GE11-PDA-Pt@USPIOs had high specificity for EGFR-positive tumor cells, could catalyze decomposition of H2O2 to oxygen and exhibited radio-chemo synergetic therapeutic effects under hypothermia conditions in vitro. Once administered intravenously, MRI and PA imaging revealed that the probes were able to accumulate in tumors with high efficiency; this relieved the tumor hypoxic conditions, sensitizing the tumors to radiation therapy. As a result, radio-chemo combination therapy significantly inhibited tumor growth. Our study illustrates for the first time that USPIOs can relieve tumor hypoxia and that GE11-PDA-Pt@USPIOs are highly effective for radio-chemotherapy of EGFR-positive tumors.
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PMID:GE11-PDA-Pt@USPIOs nano-formulation for relief of tumor hypoxia and MRI/PAI-guided tumor radio-chemotherapy. 3086 May 22