Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acroasphyxia is not acrocyanosis and acrocyanosis is not acrorhigosis; this classification was drawn up in 1932 by Comel and his school. It involves persistent sensations of cold in the extremities, often with hypothermia but without cyanosis and without wetness. Young women often suffer from this complaint, classified clinically as sine materia but in fact accompanied if not caused by a slight decrease of the distal flow, by dystonia reactive to the exterior cold, and by acrothermic, poikilothermic behaviour. Digital pulp biopsy shows an abnormally high number of glomic anastomoses. Acrorhigosis may be explained by an atonic, hypertonic syndrome, by hyperactive block dispositives and by excessive anastomosisation. Treatment of acrorhigosis is possible.
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PMID:[Acrorhigosis]. 733 75

Acrocyanosis is an acrosyndrome frequently found among adolescent or young women. Four clinical symptoms are necessary and sufficient to establish the diagnosis: permanent and painless cyanosis of extremities, local hypothermia, permanent sweatiness, and elastic infiltration of the integument. In practice, only one investigation is useful but not indispensable: capillaroscopy which visualizes capillarovenular stasis. Numerous clinical forms have been described, but they are exceptions, but for supramalleolar erythrocyanosis. Treatment is mainly preventive: protection against cold. Two conditions can be regarded as false acrocyanosis: acrorhigosis and acroiodesis.
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PMID:[True and false acrocyanoses]. 981 68

Cold hemagglutinin disease is a cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cAIHA) caused by an autoantibody, such as IgM, directed against the I-antigen present on the surface of erythrocytes. Cold exposure can activate this system causing hemolysis, hemagglutination, microvascular thrombosis, or acrocyanosis. Thus, surgical procedures requiring hypothermia, such as coronary artery bypass surgery, present a significant problem in patients with cAIHA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of cryofiltration apheresis (CFA), used as a last resort, for the treatment of cAIHA. Effectiveness was evaluated by clinical assessment and laboratory evaluations of cold agglutinin titer, immunoglobulins, and other plasma proteins. Safety was evaluated by vital signs, monitoring, and laboratory measurements of complements, hematology and blood chemistry. Five patients with cAIHA were treated by CFA using the cryoglobulin (CG) filter (Pall Medical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Four patients received only one CFA procedure, while one patient received four CFA treatments. The cold agglutinin titers were fairly low, ranging from 1 : 1 to 1 : 2048. However, a wide thermal amplitude(4-37 degrees C) was observed in most patients. Two out of five patients responded favorably with reduction in titer. The two responders had acute forms of cAIHA with serum positive for cryoglobulins. The three non-responders had chronic forms of cAIHA with negative cryoglobulins. CFA effectively removed cryoprotein precipitates while conserving other plasma components. The CG filter was biocompatible with no complement activation or observed complications due to CFA or CG filter. While the mechanism of action in treating this type of patient population with CFA is unknown, the plausible theories are discussed.
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PMID:A last resort modality using cryofiltration apheresis for the treatment of cold hemagglutinin disease in a Veterans Administration hospital. 1566 35

We present the case of a 62-year-old man with severe cold agglutinin disease who underwent major colorectal surgery. Cold agglutinin disease is a condition in which auto-antibodies, usually immunoglobulin M, cause red blood cell agglutination at decreased body temperature. Haemolysis may result. Agglutination results in impaired perfusion, resulting in symptomatic Raynaud's phenomenon and acrocyanosis. Haemolysis can result in anaemia and thrombotic events caused by microvascular occlusion, in addition to haemoglobinuria and renal failure. Peri-operative hypothermia is common in all patients and may be associated with significant morbidity, but is potentially catastrophic in a patient suffering from cold agglutinin disease.
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PMID:Major colorectal surgery in a patient with cold agglutinin disease. 1670 98