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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A survey of mortality in hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) was carried out between July 1976 and November 1986. Most were from Norfolk. Of the 74 examined, 35 (47.3 per cent) were road casualties, one of which yielded Salmonella typhimurium phage type (PT) 104. Of the remaining 39, 13 (33.3 per cent) had salmonellosis due to S enteritidis PT 11. This organism, which appears to be common and widespread in hedgehogs in England was found in 10 separate incidents. The only other zoonosis was ringworm (Trichophyton erinacei infection). Other findings included ectoparasitic infestations with mange mites (Caparinia tripilis), fleas (Archaeopsylla erinacei) and ticks (Ixodes hexagonus). Helminths comprised Crenosoma striatum lungworms (associated with Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in one animal), intestinal nematodes (Capillaria species), cestodes (Rodentolepis erinacei), trematodes (Brachylaemus erinacei) and acanthocephalans (Prosthoryhnchus species). Metaldehyde poisoning was diagnosed in three animals. Over a 10 year period 370 carcases were counted on a stretch of 18 miles of road in Norfolk. The major causes of mortality are probably road casualties and hypothermia during the winter months. In December 1988 S enteritidis PT 11 was isolated from three of four carcases examined in Berkshire and the zoonosis pseudotuberculosis (Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection) was diagnosed in two of them.
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PMID:Zoonoses and other findings in hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus): a survey of mortality and review of the literature. 203 15

Severe hypothermia and an ascending impairment of shivering are previously undescribed clinical signs in hyperacute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in the Lewis rat. These occurred in hyperacute EAE induced by inoculation with guinea pig spinal cord homogenate and heat-killed Bordetella pertussis. Hypothermia was first detected on day 6-7 post-inoculation, within 12-24 h of the onset of neurological signs, and became more severe as the disease progressed. Rectal temperatures less than or equal to 30 degrees C were common at ambient temperatures of 19-22 degrees C. Shivering was assessed by palpation and by cold tremor electromyography. Shivering was absent in the tail by day 6-7 post-inoculation. The impairment then progressed to affect the hindlimbs, thorax and occasionally the forelimbs. Shivering was absent in hindlimbs with only mild or moderate weakness. Histological studies revealed perivascular inflammation with polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells, oedema, fibrin deposition, haemorrhage, primary demyelination and axonal degeneration in the spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia and spinal roots. The brainstem was also involved but the cerebral hemispheres, including the hypothalamus, were spared. The close relationship between the severity of hypothermia and the extent of shivering impairment indicates that reduced shivering is an important cause of hypothermia in hyperacute EAE. It is concluded that this impairment of shivering is due not to hypothalamic damage but to lesions elsewhere in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
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PMID:Hypothermia due to an ascending impairment of shivering in hyperacute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the Lewis rat. 261 69

The influence of living Bordetella pertussis on the induction and duration of pathophysiological reactions in mice infected intranasally with graded doses of culture was studied. Lethally infected mice showed loss of body weight, spleen atrophy, pronounced hypothermia and hypoglycemia, and highly elevated levels of leukocytes and serum immunoreactive insulin. Sublethally infected mice showed normal weight gain, practically normal temperature, spleen enlargement, lesser pronounced hypoglycemia, lower but significantly elevated levels of leukocytes and serum immunoreactive insulin, and histamine sensitization. Intensity of each reaction was related to the degree of lung infectivity. Hypothermia and leukocytosis were highly correlated. Concentration of serum immunoreactive insulin was closely related to the level of leukocytosis but not to the level of glucose. The strain and age of mice significantly affected the degree and duration of the reactions. The results suggest that the intranasally infected mouse may provide a useful model for investigations on whooping cough.
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PMID:Bordetella pertussis respiratory tract infection in the mouse: pathophysiological responses. 624 73

On the day of hatching, four groups of poults [Control, L-tryptophan methylester (LTME), Bordetella avium-infected, and B. avium-infected plus LTME] were established and placed into heated metal brooding batteries. Bordetella avium infection caused a significant depression in body temperature within 24 h after intranasal challenge with the W strain, and the hypothermia persisted through 21 d of age. L-Tryptophan methylester, a water-soluble form of tryptophan, was given by oral gavage daily in saline at a concentration of 50 mg per poult beginning 4 d after hatch. Within 2 d after initiation of LTME treatments, colonic temperature of B. avium-infected poults was elevated to the level of Controls and remained at that level throughout the experimental period. The BW of B. avium-infected poults were reduced significantly. The LTME treatment caused a significant BW increase in the B. avium-infected poults, but the increase was not to the level of Controls. The anti-sheep red blood cell antibody titers in B. avium-infected poults were not affected significantly. However, LTME treatment induced a significant increase in anti-sheep red blood cell antibody titers in both the infected and Control poults. Based upon data reported herein, it was concluded that feed intake depression associated with development of bordetellosis caused the poults to react more specifically to a mild tryptophan deficiency than to other nutrient deficiencies. The tryptophan deficiency caused a growth depression that was only partially alleviated by daily supplementation of LTME. The physiological responses to daily supplementation of LTME to B. avium-infected poults suggested that growth depression and poor performance was not limited to dietary deficiency of tryptophan.
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PMID:Tryptophan methylester modulation of poult responses to Bordetella avium. 1009 Feb 57