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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neurological exacerbation observed in MS patients is usually related to a demyelinating process. We report two patients where hypothermia (32.4 degrees C and 32.5 degrees C) and neurological exacerbation were probably due to a Wernicke encephalopathy (WE). The clinical features and the rapid efficiency of parenteral thiamine were suggestive of WE. Hypothermia is an exceptional symptom observed in MS and has been considered as resulting from hypothalamic demyelination; these two cases showed that WE which is another cause of reversible hypothermia, can be associated with MS.
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PMID:Hypothermia, Wernicke encephalopathy and multiple sclerosis. 148 52

We have presented two cases of hypothermia associated with altered mental status occurring during the summer in the sunbelt. Both cases represent nonexposure hypothermia of multifactorial origin requiring prompt aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. The effects of phenothiazines, alcoholism, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Parkinson's disease, and altered mental status contributed to the development of hypothermia in these instances. Although both patients survived and were discharged from the hospital, it is likely that hypothermia in such situations has a higher mortality. Awareness of the broad differential of predisposing conditions is mandatory in treating such patients in a timely fashion.
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PMID:Hypothermia in the summer. 205 83

Dietary deprivation of thiamine combined with pyrithiamine administration in rats was used for pathophysiological and morphological investigations. The animals passed through three different symptomatic stages, ranging from slight neurological abnormalities to generalized seizures from day 8 up to day 11. Hypothermia was a consistent finding during the second week. Histological examination revealed two types of neuropathological lesions in the rats. Those in the colliculi inferiores and the vestibular nuclei were characterized by a bullous spongiform appearance of the neuropil with severely damaged, pale and oedematous nerve cells. Alterations in the thalamus and inferior olives, however, showed eosinophilic nerve cell necrosis of the ischemic type which resembles the thalamic pathology found in human cases of Wernicke's encephalopathy.
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PMID:Differentiation between brain lesions in experimental thiamine deficiency. 314 4

Two cases of Wernicke's encephalopathy with severe hypothermia as a major presenting sign are reported. The outcome was favorable with thiamine treatment. The clinical features, frequency, prognostic value and clinico-pathological correlations of hypothermia in this condition are reviewed.
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PMID:[Hypothermia in Wernicke's encephalopathy]. 342 84

Evidence is reviewed linking clinical effects of ethanol with actions on the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The studies reported include a series of investigations by the authors. Acutely, ethanol causes peripheral vasodilation and may also result in changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Ethanol may contribute to acute problems which may present clinically, including micturition syncope, accidental hypothermia and facial flushing. However, increased sympathetic nervous activity plays a role in causing hypertension and other symptoms during ethanol withdrawal in chronic alcoholics. Some chronic alcoholics may have neuropathy involving sympathetic nerves, and this can result in distal sweating loss and occasionally in orthostatic hypotension. Also, hypothalamic lesions associated with Wernicke's encephalopathy may result in hypothermia. Neuropathy involving parasympathetic nerves in not uncommon in alcoholics with other evidence of nervous system damage, but it is generally asymptomatic. Occasionally, vagal neuropathy may cause disorder of gastrointestinal motility, and neuropathy affecting the sacral innervation may be a factor in alcoholic impotence.
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PMID:The effects of acute and chronic ingestion of ethanol on the autonomic nervous system. 381 27

Experiment and clinical evidence of hypothalamic influence on autonomic function has accumulated since the early part of this century. Localization of hypothalamic lesions is difficult, and damage must be bilateral to produce symptoms. Caloric balance may be altered, with ventromedial lesions causing hyperphagia, and lateral hypothalamic lesions producing a syndrome of aphagia and weight loss in experimental animals. Gastric ulcerations are associated with brainstem lesions, including the diencephalon. Anterior hypothalamic lesions cause hyperthermia, while posterior lesions result in hypothermia, often accompanied by disturbance of sweating mechanisms. Disorders of sleep and wakefulness are seen clinically in encephalitis lethargica and Wernicke's syndrome, both associated with hypothalamic damage. The hypothalamus is the regulator and co-ordinator of central autonomic activity.
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PMID:Vegetative dysfunctions of the hypothalamus. 399 47

A patient is reported who developed adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and severe hypothermia during the decompensated phase of Wernicke encephalopathy. The absence of other causes suggests a neurogenic origin for the hypothermia, possibly as a result of lesions localized in the posterior hypothalamus. A hemodynamic study during normothermia, hypothermia and rewarming showed that at body temperatures inferior to 32 degrees C the increase in pulmonary vascular resistances seems not to be the result of a real vasoconstrictor effect in the pulmonary circulation. The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome may have a clinical picture similar to delirium tremens, evolving into coma with complications such as hypothermia and, possibly, ARDS.
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PMID:[Respiratory distress syndrome and hypothermia in Wernicke's encephalopathy]. 408 74

Two cases of acute Wernicke's encephalopathy with severe hypothermia as the major presenting feature are reported. Treatment with thiamine was rapidly introduced, but hypothermia nevertheless persisted for several weeks, at times masked by intercurrent infections.
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PMID:Hypothermia and infection in Wernicke's encephalopathy. 670 97

A case of Wernicke's encephalopathy with ataxia, confusion, memory loss, partial seizures of complex behavior and hypothermia, subsequent to thiamine depletion due to chronic malnourishment and triggered by an episode of acute vomiting and diarrhea, is reported, Computerized tomography (CT-scan) depicted small bilateral lesions in areas adjacent to the walls of the third ventricle, common location of the lesions seen in autopsy material of Wernicke's encephalopathy. Early diagnosis and treatment with vitamin B complex supplemented with intensive mnemonic and cognitive therapy led to complete recovery in a ten day period.
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PMID:Wernicke's encephalopathy. A case report with neurophysiologic and CT-scan studies. 686 52

Two patients who developed Wernicke's Encephalopathy with subsequent hypothermia are described. Both patients responded rapidly to thiamine administration and one later had hypothalamic-pituitary function tests performed. This patient demonstrated depressed TSH response to TRH and a sluggish early cortisol response to adequate hypoglycaemia compared to 17 control subjects. These findings may suggest that previously described hypothalmic-pituitary abnormalties in chronic alcoholics may be mediated via thiamine deficiency and may also reflect hypothalamic damage contributing to the hypothermic state. The importance of intravenous thiamine administration in cases of coma of unknown aetiology is emphasised.
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PMID:Coma and hypothermia in Wernicke's encephalopathy. 693 37


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