Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The behavioral effects of lopramine [N-methyl-N-(4-chlorobenzoyl-methyl)-3-(10, 11-dihydro-5H-dibenz (b,f) azepin-5-yl) propylamine hydrochloride] were investigated in mice and rats and compared with those of amitriptyline and imipramine. Lopramine inhibited reserpine hypothermia and haloperidol catalepsy in mice and tetrabenazine ptosis in rats. In addition the drug potentiated the effects of methamphetamine, and DOPA- or apomorphine-induced stereotypy in mice, whereas it suppressed muricide of the rat induced by either olfactory bulbectomy or delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, similar to the responses seen with imipramine and amitriptyline. On the other hand,lopramine increased spontaneous motor activity and markedly potentiated methamphetamine hyperactivity. In contrast to imipramine and amitriptyline, lopramine failed to counteract both the lethal effect of physostigmine and oxotremorine tremor in mice, indicating that the drug had no central anticholinergic effect. Lopramine, even at such a large dose as 5,000 mg/kg p.o., caused neitherimpairment of coordinated motor activity nor muscle relaxation. It is concluded that lopramine is a new type of tricyclic antidepressant with extremely low toxicity and without central anticholinergic action.
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PMID:[Behavioral pharmacology of a new antidepressant, lopramine]. 103 9

Ergometrine, a spasmolytic which also stimulates dopamine receptors, was investigated as a potential central stimulant. It did not influence the locomotor activity of normal rats and mice, and in high doses even depressed it. The locomotor activity depressed by reserpine, spiroperidol, and pimozide was elevated by ergometrine. Ergometrine antagonized neuroleptic-induced catalepsy and abolished ptosis and hypothermia produced by reserpine. Given alone ergometrine depressed the body temperature in rats and mice, and this effect was abolished by pimozide in both species, and by spiroperidol and haloperidol in mice. The hypothermia was not antagonized by atropine. In several respects the central action of ergometrine resembles that of apomorphine.
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PMID:Central action of ergometrine. 103 20

With its chronic administration in a dose of 100 mg/kg lithium carbonate inhibited shaking of the head induced in mice with 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). This effect did not differ from the action following a single injection of lithium, when the interval between injection of lithium and of 5-HTP was one hour. With the interval lengthened to 24 hours the frequency of shaking diminished only under the effect of chronic administration. At the 5th, 10th and 21st day of a daily administration lithium failed to produce any effect on the hypothermal action of a reserpine-like agent Po 4-1284, but would reduce the protective action of imipramine in a ptosis test. A single injection of lithium made against the background of a chronic injection of water produced an opposite effect, viz. it significantly reduced the protective action of imipramine in hypothermia, but did not affect it with reference to ptosis. Hence, chronic administration of lithium leads to potentiation in its action of the serotonin-negative and central adreno-negative componets and to extenuating the peripheral adreno-negative component.
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PMID:[Effect of lithium on the central serotonin- and adrenergic processes after its chronic administration]. 108 64

Using several routine screening procedures to determine anti-depressant drug activity in experimental laboratory animals, ketamine HCl was found to possess significant activity over a wide-range of oral doses. The tests used were (a) reversal of tetrabenazine-induced ptosis in mice, (b) reversal of reserpine-induced hypothermia in rats, (c) enhancement of yohimbine toxicity in mice and (d) inhibition of oxotremorine-induced tremors in mice. In general, the anti-depressant potency of ketamine HCl was substantially less than that of imipramine HCl.
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PMID:Evaluation of ketamine HCl for anti-depressant activity. 115 26

Butaclamol hydrochloride (AY-23,028) is a member of a new chemical class for which antipsychotic activity in humans has recently been demonstrated. The compound antagonized amphetamine-induced stereotyped behavior in rats, amphetamine toxicity in aggregated mice and apomorphine-induced emesis in dogs. It depressed both discriminated avoidance and continuous lever-pressing behavior in rats and inhibited ambulation and rearing in the open field. At higher doses, AY-23,028 induced catalepsy. Adrenergic blocking activity, measured by the antagonism of epinephrine-induced mortality, was weak. These pharmacological actions are characteristic of neuroleptic drugs. In the dose range where the aforementioned effects were observed AY-23,028 did not antagonize either the tetrabenazine-induced ptosis or the tremorine syndrome and did not cause either hypothermia or ataxia. The potency and onset of action of AY-23,028 were comparable to those of fluphenazine but AY-23,028 was of longer duration. The results are discussed in relation to current concepts of neuroleptic mechanisms.
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PMID:The behavioral pharmacology of butaclamol hydrochloride (AY-23,028), a new potent neuroleptic drug. 117 96

The effect of maprotiline (N-methyl-9, 10-ethanoanthracene-9 (10H)-propylamine) on animal behavior was investigated in mice and rats and compared with those of amitriptyline and imipramine. Maprotiline inhibited reserpine hypothermia in mice and tetrabenazine ptosis in rats, while it potentiated the effects of methamphetamine, L-DOPA and apomorphine in mice, in a similar manner to that of amitriptyline and imipramine. Maprotiline was more potent than anitriptyline and imipramine in antagonizing haloperidol-induced catalepsy as well as in suppressing muricide induced by either olfactory bulbectomy or delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in rats. Maprotiline potentiated anesthesia induced by thiopental or ether in mice to a lesser degree than did amitriptyline, and failed to counteract the lethal effect of physostigmine or oxotremorine tremor in mice, indicating that this drug has no central anti-cholinergic effect. Maprotiline markedly inhibited hyperemotionality of the rat with either septal lesions or olfactory bulb ablations, suggesting that it does have a tranquilizing effect. Inhibition of conditioned avoidance response of the rat in the shuttle box and reduction of methamphetamine group toxicity with maprotiline were similar to those with amitriptyline. Maprotiline exaggerated pentetrazol convulsion, decreased muscle tone and impaired coordinated motor activity in mice to a much lesser degree than amitriptyline and imipramine. LD50 of maprotiline was approximately twice that of imipramine and three times that of amitriptyline. These results indicate that maprotiline is a new type of antidepressant, has a low toxicity and shares both potent antidepressant and some tranquilizing effect, without possessing central anticholinergic action.
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PMID:[Behavior pharmacology of maprotiline, a new antidepressant]. 124 Aug 30

Basic derivatives of 6,7-dihydroindolo[1,7-ab][1]benzazepine and 6H-indolo[7,1-cd][1,5]benzoxazepine incorporating the imipramine basic side chain were synthesized and screened for antidepressant activity in mice. With few exceptions, the compounds unsubstituted at C-2 antagonized reserpine-induced ptosis and hypothermia showing negligible anticholinergic and antihistaminic properties. The compound 1-[2-(N-methyl-N-benzylamino)ethyl]-6,7-dihydroindolo[1,7-ab][1]benzazepine had the highest toxicity-activity ratio.
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PMID:Basic derivatives of 6,7-dihydroindolo(1,7-ab)(1) benzazepine and 6H-indolo(7,1-cd)(1,5) benzoxazepine as potential antidepressant agents. 124

In mice, pilocarpine - or oxotremorine - induced decrease in locomotor activity and increase of the reaction time to pain were antagonized by atropine and not by methylatropinium. Identical doses of atropine and methylatropinium suppressed the antagonism of the cholinergics towards reserpine-induced palpebral ptosis. Cholinergics-induced hypothermia was not clearly antagonized by atropine or methylatropinium.
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PMID:Interaction of atropine or methylatropinium with four effects of two cholinergic drugs. 125 14

beta 2-Adrenoceptor agonists possess antidepressant-like activity in animals and man, but their peripheral side-effects prevent their therapeutic use. Atypical beta-adrenoceptors have not been demonstrated in the central nervous system, but are known to exist in peripheral tissues such as the rat colon. We have now studied the antidepressant-like effects in rodents of a new selective atypical beta-adrenoceptor agonist, SR 58611A. SR 58611A was active with minimal effective doses of 0.1-0.3 mg kg-1 i.p. in several models (antagonism of the hypothermia induced by apomorphine and reserpine; potentiation of the toxicity produced by yohimbine; reversal of learned helplessness), but was inactive in the tests of reserpine-induced ptosis and behavioural despair. The antidepressant-like effect of SR 58611A was not antagonised by selective beta 1- or beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonists, but was blocked by high doses of the non-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, propranolol and alprenolol. Unlike beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists, SR 58611A did not reduce locomotor activity or increase water intake at doses up to 10 mg kg-1. Therefore, SR 58611A may represent the prototype of a new class of antidepressant compounds.
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PMID:Antidepressant profile in rodents of SR 58611A, a new selective agonist for atypical beta-adrenoceptors. 135 39

Pergolide (LY127809, CAS 66104-23-2), a non-selective dopamine agonist, was evaluated for broad behavioral properties in a wide range of pharmacological tests. The selective dopamine2(D2) agonist, bromocriptine, served as a reference standard for those tests where behavioral activity was noted with pergolide. Pergolide and bromocriptine were administered orally to mice at doses of 0.3-30 and 3-300 mg/kg, respectively. Both compounds produced biphasic effects on spontaneous activity, increased hexobarbital-induced sleep time, and lowered mouse body temperature. Qualitative changes with pergolide were observed with some mice showing hyporeactiveness, ptosis, slowed respiration and placing loss. Reserpine-induced hypothermia was reversed by pergolide with significant increases in the body temperature of reserpine-treated mice. However, a further reduction in the body temperature of reserpinized hypothermic mice was seen following bromocriptine administration. Acetic acid-induced writhing and performance on the rotarod were both impaired by higher doses of pergolide. Bromocriptine administration also reduced writhing at higher doses but did not alter performance on the rotarod. Pergolide had no effect on seizure activity as evaluated by electroshock, pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol) or strychnine. Oxotremorine-induced tremors and salivation, grip strength, and tail-flick were not affected by pergolide. Neither pergolide nor bromocriptine altered established shuttle-avoidance behavior in rats at oral doses of 0.1 to 30 mg/kg. Behavioral assessment of pergolide in dogs was complicated by severe emetic responses at clinically relevant doses greater than 0.003 mg/kg. In summary, these data suggest that pergolide produces a behavioral profile which is characteristic of dopaminergics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Behavioral characterization of the new potent nonselective dopamine agonist pergolide. 141 51


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