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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Canoeing and kayaking are upper-body sports that make varying demands on the body, depending on the type of contest and the distance covered. The shorter events (500 m) are primarily anaerobic (2 minutes of exercise), calling for powerful shoulder muscles with a high proportion of fast-twitch fibres. In contrast, 10,000 m events call for aerobic work to be performed by the arms. Such contestants need a high proportion of slow-twitch fibres, and an ability to develop close to 100% of their leg maximum oxygen intake when paddling. In slalom and whitewater contests, the value of physiological testing is somewhat limited, since performance is strongly influenced by experience and the ability to make precisely judged rapid paddling efforts under considerable emotional stress. Paddlers face dangers from their hostile cold water environment; causes of fatalities (drowning, cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation and hypothermia) are briefly reviewed. Medical problems include provision of adequate nutrition and a clean water supply, effects of repeated immersion (softening of the skin, blistering, paronychial infections, sinusitis, otitis), varicose veins (secondary to thoracic fixation) and hazards of exposure to fibreglass and polystyrene in the home workshop. Surgical problems include muscle sprains and mechanical injuries (haemotomas, lacerations, contusions, concussion, and fractures).
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PMID:Science and medicine of canoeing and kayaking. 354 36

Two hundred and twelve dogs were treated either intravenously or intramuscularly with either dexmedetomidine or medetomidine in a randomised double-blinded multicentre clinical study during procedures such as dental care, radiography and otitis treatment. Sedative, analgesic and cardiorespiratory parameters and body temperature were assessed for three hours after the treatments. Approximately half the dogs were given atipamezole intramuscularly after the completion of the procedure, and the other dogs were allowed to recover spontaneously. Dexmedetomidine and medetomidine induced similar clinical effects, and the procedure was completed successfully in 97 per cent of cases. There were few adverse side effects, but they included prolonged sedation, hypothermia, apnoea and bradycardia; no adverse effects were observed after the administration of atipamezole, which effectively reversed all the clinical effects of dexmedetomidine and medetomidine.
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PMID:Evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of intramuscular and intravenous doses of dexmedetomidine and medetomidine in dogs and their reversal with atipamezole. 1760 4