Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 36-year-old man presented with massive edema below the axillae, pleural effusion and renal cell carcinoma with a tumor thrombus extending up the vena cava to the right atrium. A metastatic evaluation was negative otherwise. Hypothermia, cardiac arrest and temporary exsanguination in conjunction with cardiopulmonary bypass were used to create a bloodless field for excision of the renal cell carcinoma and its tumor thrombus. The patient has had total resolution of all symptoms and edema. Hypothermia and cardiac arrest facilitated greatly surgical excision and may be a useful adjunct in the excision of malignancies with massive involvement of the great vessels or heart.
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PMID:A new technique for management of renal cell carcinoma involving the right atrium: hypothermia and cardiac arrest. 669 Jul 24

An operation is indicated in patients with renal cancer growing into the inferior vena cava and right atrium because the tumor in the right atrium presents an immediate risk to life if acute obstruction of the tricuspid valve or pulmonary emboli occur. In addition, patients treated by such an operation may enjoy reasonable survivals. We believe that the best technique for operative management includes cardiopulmonary bypass, profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest. Although perhaps seemingly complicated, it is the only technique that simplifies the operative dissection and permits as complete removal as possible of the cancer without the risk of tumor embolization or uncontrollable hemorrhage.
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PMID:Removal of renal cell carcinoma extending into the right atrium using cardiopulmonary bypass, profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest. 670 32

Urinary excretion of the post-translationally modified amino-acid 3-methylhistidine, derived from the contractile proteins actin and myosin, was measured in patients with conditions associated with nitrogen loss. The ratio of 3-methylhistidine:creatinine excretion, a measure of the fractional catabolic rate of myofibrillar protein was increased in severe injury, thyrotoxicosis, neoplastic disease, prednisolone administration, and sometimes Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In myxoedema, osteomalacia, and hypothermia the ratio was decreased; and starvation, elective operations, and rheumatoid arthritis had little effect. Provided that the diet is meat free, measurement of urinary 3-methylhistidine may provide useful information on the cause of protein loss.
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PMID:Clinical usefulness of urinary 3-methylhistidine excretion in indicating muscle protein breakdown. 678 20

To substantiate some concepts of an oxygen-peroxide model of carcinogenesis, a number of experiments were conducted, and also the data were utilized previously obtained by the writers on the directed flow of water dissolved oxygen influenced by a permanent magnetic field. The observed suppressive action of the magnetic field on the growth of transplantable Pliss lymphosarcoma and PC-1 tumor may be accounted for the latter uncoupling oxygen in actively growing hyperoxic neoplastic cells from other participants of the direct free radical oxidation, spliting or minimizing in them closed cycles of reproduction of toxic products of lipids hyperoxidation. The enhanced effect of magnetic therapy under hypothermia is due to the well-known property of oxygen to change its magnetic susceptibility under the influence of temperature.
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PMID:[Enhanced antitumor effect in the combined action of a magnetic field and hypothermia]. 689 43

An account is given of the "oxygen theory" of biomagnetic effects, whereby molecular oxygen is the primary, elementary, and fundamental material affected by the influence of a permanent magnetic field (PMF). The ability of a PMF to alter inductively the motion of paramagnetic O2 dissolved in a fluid, and to uncouple it from other substances which participate in oxidative processes leads, first of all, to a disturbance of O2 transport and to a disturbance of cellular bioenergetic processes. A series of biomagnetic effects are explainable on the basis of the suggested mechanism. Experimental data regarding changes in pO2 in tumor tissue under the influence of a PMF, and data concerning the inhibition of growth of reinoculated tumors (Pliss' lymphosarcoma and RS-1) under the combined influence of PMF and hypothermia, are given as indirect support of the oxygen mechanism of PMF effects and the oxygen-peroxide mechanism of carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Permanent magnetic fields: influence on oxygen-substrate interactions and possible mechanisms of several biomagnetic effects. 689 5

Temperature gradients of mammary tumors in randombred Sprague-Dawley rats under normothermia, hypothermia, and hyperthermia were determined, and their experimental modifications were utilized to assess differences in perfusion rates within the neoplastic tissue. Normothermic tumors showed a circadian rhythm with zenith at midnight and nadir at midday. Differences between highest and lowest temperatures recorded during the 24-hour period reached up to 3 degrees C. Similar oscillations were observed in subcutaneous tissue without tumor. An average temperature increment of 0.5-1.0 degrees C was observed when a tumor was transferred from the subcutaneous to the abdominal location. Gradients larger than 1 degrees C were observed within the same tumor in locations only a few millimeters distance from each other. The nonuniformity in temperature within normothermic tumors was exaggerated during hyperthermia. No appreciable change in temperature gradients was seen within a normothermic tumor when tumor blood flow was doubled or reduced to one-third of the basal level. Hyperthermia increased both volume and temperature of tumor efferent blood. As expected, decrease or increase in blood flow during hyperthermia increased or decreased tumor temperature, respectively, but substantial temperature gradients up to 2 degrees C still persisted within adjacent regions. The extent of temperature changes in the tumor could not be correlated with a known change in blood supply. A pulse of cold serum into the tumor afferent artery produced a substantial reduction of tumor blood flow, but only a small depression in tumor temperatures, and a very small change in tumor temperature gradients. No appreciable modification could be brought about in tumor temperature levels and temperature gradients within the tumor by pulses of cold serum in the afferent artery during hyperthermia. After external cooling of the tumor, the time necessary to compensate for temperature depression did not correlate with either the reduction of temperature or with the thickness of the tumor tissue separating the thermistor from the cold source. The results indicate extensive anisotropy of temperature and blood distribution within growing neoplastic tissue and suggest that heat transfer by convection within the tumor is much less effective than it is commonly assumed.
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PMID:Temperature gradients and local perfusion in a mammary carcinoma. 695 Jan 81

Many nitroimidazole compounds have been shown to potentiate the activity of melphalan against the murine anaplastic MT tumor. The degree of potentiation achieved by these compounds probably depends on their octanol-water partition coefficient and electron affinity: for the greater the partition coefficient of electron affinity, the greater the potentiation. The mechanism of this potentiation remains uncertain. However, it is not due to either nitroimidazole-induced hypothermia, or to the elimination of the recovery from melphalan-induced potentially lethal damage (PLD).
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PMID:Potentiation in vivo of melphalan activity by nitroimidazole compounds. 710 88

Evidence is circumstantial that in animals and, to some extent, in man, an antitumor immune response may be generated after curative hyperthermia that leads to disappearance of metastases (abscopal response) and the acquisition of host immunity. In rodents, tumor regression after heating does not occur in immunosuppressed hosts, and the tumor cure rate is significantly reduced by inhibition of macrophage activity with silica; cured immune rats succumb to tumor inoculation when immunosuppressed. Quantitative data for cellular and humoral immunocompetence in these situations exist for only a few tumor types, and the bulk of evidence indicates that host response following tumor heating is nonspecific in type, with a major macrophage component. Little is distinctive about the regression of heated tumors, i.e., an abscopal response can follow treatment of tumors by excision or hypothermia. In man, an immune response is seldom evoked by the heating of the common solid tumors. Whole-body heating in animals can cause immunosuppression, probably from a direct damaging effect on lymphoid tissue, and enhanced metastatic spread may follow in the tumor-bearing host, but this has not been proved in man. The differences in response of tumors to heat in animals and man may be due to variations in tumor immunogenicity and host tolerance to heat.
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PMID:Hyperthermia: the immune response and tumor metastasis. 717 77

Aziridinylbenzoquinone (AZQ: NSC-182986), is a quinone derivative which has been shown to have activity in implanted murine tumor systems. Toxicity in small and large animals included hypothermia, diarrhea, anorexia, emesis, weight loss, and gastrointestinal bleeding. In addition, there was myelosuppression and elevated liver function tests. In a phase I study at the Mayo Clinic, dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression. Patients with prior radiation therapy or prior chemotherapy were more sensitive to this toxicity. A dose schedule of 27.5 mg/m2 q4 weeks was recommended for patients who had had no previous chemotherapy and 22.5 mg/m2 for previously treated patients or for patients who had had extensive prior radiation therapy. The objective of this study was to determine therapeutic activity for AZQ in patients with advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:A phase II study of aziridinylbenzoquinone (AZQ) in advanced large bowel carcinoma. 718 Aug 32

Scalp hypothermia has been introduced to reduce the temporary epilation associated with certain cytotoxic drugs. This has improved compliance with drug delivery for some patients. It is currently not recommended for use in those tumors with a high prevalence of scalp metastasis, ie, leukemia and lymphoma. We have treated a patient for mycosis fungoides who demanded use of a "cooling cap" while undergoing consolidation chemotherapy. Cutaneous disease recurred on the scalp, with no other evidence of mycosis fungoides. Caution should be used in reducing drug delivery to the scalp while treating tumors manifesting cutaneous stem cell tumor nests.
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PMID:Misuse of scalp hypothermia. 723 71


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