Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 46-yr-old man with dysaesthesia (burning sensation) following herpes zoster in the left upper chest region was treated with a single thoracic (T2/T3) epidural injection (1.0% lidocaine 3 ml + 0.125% bupivacaine 3 ml) as an outpatient. Twenty minutes after the injection, a nurse noticed the patient to be unconscious with dilated pupils, apnoea and cardiac arrest. Following immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the patient was treated with an i.v. infusion of thiamylal sodium 2-4 mg kg-1 h-1 and his lungs were mechanically ventilated. When the patient developed a characteristic decorticate posture, mild hypothermia (oesophageal temperature, 33-34 degrees C) was induced. On the 17th day of this treatment, after rewarming (35.5 degrees C) and discontinuation of the barbiturate, the patient responded to command. Weaning from the ventilator was successful on the 18th day. About 4 months after the incident, the patient was discharged with no apparent mental or motor disturbances. We suggest that mild hypothermia with barbiturate therapy may have contributed to the successful outcome in this case.
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PMID:Complete recovery of consciousness in a patient with decorticate rigidity following cardiac arrest after thoracic epidural injection. 1157 10

In this study, some morphometric parameters of adrenals in outbred albino male rats were compared in the dynamics of general hypothermia at the ambient temperature of -18 degrees C. It was shown that in the course of general hypothermia, the increase of blood vessel relative volume in zona reticularis and in adrenal medulla was accompanied by the augmentation of nucleus size of adrenocorticocytes (mainly in zona fasciculata). Zona fasciculata reacted with a significant increase of blood vessel relative volume during the 1st hour of cold exposure, henceforth the parameters remained unchanged. Blood vessel relative volume in the left adrenal was found to significantly exceed that in the right adrenal. In zona glomerulosa of the left adrenal, blood vessel relative volume was reduced, while that one in zona glomerulosa of the right adrenal remained unchanged during the whole experiment. Volume density of mitochondria in the endocrine cells of zona fasciculata was found to increase, this effect being more pronounced in the right adrenal as compared to the left one. In the cells of both glands, the volume density of lipid inclusions was gradually reduced, while the relative volume of nucleoli was variable and there were no statistically significant changes detected during the course of hypothermia.
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PMID:[Morphometric parameters of rat adrenals in the dynamics of general hypothermia]. 1841 25

Fulminant hepatitis is an emergency because within a few hours, the physician must find the cause of the hepatitis (not identified in 15 to 20% of cases), rule out any contraindication to liver transplantation, verify that it is indicated, and prevent and/or treat the complications associated with liver failure. Viruses (especially hepatitis viruses A and B), drugs, and toxic agents are the most common causes of fulminant hepatitis, with the proportions varying between countries. Hepatitis viruses, the leading cause through 1995-1996, have fallen behind drugs and in particular paracetamol, which is now the leading cause of this disease in Europe and in the United States. There are also other rarer causes: other viruses (e.g., herpes virus HSV1 or 2, hepatitis virus E, parvovirus B19, and chickenpox-herpes zoster), Wilson Disease, acute Budd-Chiari and Reyes syndromes, autoimmune hepatitis, neoplastic infiltration of the liver, hypoxic hepatitis, heatstroke, acute pregnancy-related steatosis, and the HELLP syndrome. Prognosis is essentially determined by neurological status, but is also affected very rapidly by damage to other organs. Liver transplantation has revolutionized the prognosis of fulminant hepatitis, causing survival to increase from 10-20% (all causes combined) to 75-80% at 1 year and 70% at 5 years. These patients can be treated only in specialized centers with access to liver transplantation and to different modern means of liver resuscitation (hypothermia, artificial liver support, albumin dialysis, monitoring intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion, etc.) -all from the onset of the disease.
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PMID:[Fulminant and subfulminant hepatitis: causes and treatment]. 1957 22