Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Congenital hypothyroid dwarfism was diagnosed in a family of Giant Schnauzers. Three female and two male puppies from different litters were evaluated for dwarfism, lethargy, somnolence, gait abnormalities, and constipation. On physical examination, disproportionate dwarfism (n = 5), macroglossia (n = 3), hypothermia (n = 3), delayed dental eruption (n = 3), ataxia (n = 2), and abdominal distension (n = 1) were identified. Results of initial laboratory tests showed anemia (n = 4), hypercholesterolemia (n = 4), hypercalcemia (n = 2), and transudative abdominal effusion (n = 1). Radiographic skeletal surveys disclosed epiphyseal dysgenesis and delayed skeletal maturation (n = 5). A diagnosis of hypothyroidism was established on the basis of low basal serum thyroxine concentrations that failed to increase following the administration of TSH (n = 5) and markedly reduced to absent thyroid image when evaluated with gamma camera imaging of the thyroid gland (n = 4). In the two dogs that were most thoroughly evaluated, the results of thyroid histology, prolonged TSH testing, and repeat thyroid imaging, after three daily injections of TSH, were all consistent with secondary or tertiary, rather than primary, hypothyroidism. When TSH was administered over a period of 3 consecutive days (5 IU/day, subcutaneously), serum thyroid hormone response became normal and resulted in a normal thyroid image in the two dogs re-evaluated with gamma camera imaging. Daily treatment with oral levothyroxine (20 micrograms/kg) resulted in complete remission in puppies (n = 4) treated prior to 4 months of age. The other puppy failed to attain normal breed standards for height.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Congenital hypothyroid dwarfism in a family of giant schnauzers. 174 85

"Giant" omphalocele implies an abdominal wall defect that is 5 cm or more in diameter with the liver in a central position. Giant omphalocele is often associated with other significant anomalies. Technically it is often difficult to close the abdominal wall defect and a staged repair utilizing prosthetic materials may be necessary. The morbidity and mortality associated with this entity remain significant despite advances in management techniques. Hospitalization is often prolonged and costly. For the best outcome in managing patients with giant omphalocele early attention to hypothermia and other metabolic requirements and long-term attention to nutritional needs are important. Techniques of closing the omphalocele should be adapted to the individual characteristics of the defect, but mobilization and stretching of the abdominal muscles should be begun as a newborn. The term hepatomphalocele implying "liver-containing omphalocele" is suggested to refer to this particular entity.
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PMID:The problem of "giant" omphalocele. 741 67

Patients with untreated giant intracranial aneurysms have a dismal prognosis as a result of hemorrhage, cerebral compression, and thromboembolism. Therefore, giant aneurysms should be treated. The operative approach is chosen to maximize exposure of the aneurysm. Direct clipping of the aneurysm neck, with preservation of the parent and branch vessels, is the preferred method of occlusion. Hypothermic circulatory arrest may facilitate clipping in selected patients. Alternative techniques for unclippable aneurysms can be utilized, but they compromise parent arteries and require revascularization to maintain CBF. Because mass effect is an important cause of patient morbidity, giant aneurysms are usually debulked after they have been eliminated completely from the circulation. Giant aneurysms are complex lesions that demand thorough surgical planning, individualized strategies, and a multidisciplinary effort.
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PMID:Surgical management of giant intracranial aneurysms: experience with 171 patients. 884 96

Untreated giant intracranial aneurysms have a dismal natural history as a result of hemorrhage, cerebral compression, and thromboembolism. The poor prognosis of patients with giant aneurysms therefore warrants aggressive treatment. A surgical approach is chosen to maximize the operative exposure of the aneurysm and depends mainly on the aneurysm's location. Once exposed, vascular control of the aneurysm is required not only to manage an intraoperative rupture, but also to collapse the aneurysm, to increase working space, and to improve visualization of the anatomy. Hypothermic circulatory arrest may be indicated in select patients with complex posterior circulation aneurysms. Direct clipping of giant aneurysms, with meticulous preservation of parent and branch arteries, is the preferred method of occlusion. Unclippable aneurysms require alternative techniques (e.g., trapping, parent artery occlusion, excision, and aneurysmorrhaphy) that compromise parent arteries and may require revascularization to restore adequate cerebral blood flow. Giant aneurysms are complex lesions that demand thorough surgical planning, individualized strategies, and a multidisciplinary effort in specialized neurovascular centers.
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PMID:Surgical strategies for giant intracranial aneurysms. 1033 20

Giant cerebral aneurysms may be untreatable by conventional neurosurgical techniques. Early attempts to use circulatory assistance and deep hypothermia were abandoned due to hemorrhagic complications. More recently, interest in circulatory support for complex neurosurgical procedures has been renewed. A consecutive series of 8 patients were operated on for giant cerebral aneurysms with the combined use of deep hypothermia. The protocol included careful preoperative cardiovascular assessment, perfect intraoperative synergy between neurosurgical and cardiac teams, minimally invasive peripheral vascular access including two femoral vein (21 F) and single arterial (17 F) femoral cannulation, use of total Carmeda coating on BioMedicus pumps in closed circuits, and reduced heparinization without Protamine reversal. All cerebral aneurysms were successfully treated through deep hypothermia (15-18 degrees C) as assessed by intraoperative fluoroscopic controls and Doppler vascular assessment. Mean circulatory support time was 174.2 +/- 29.6 min. Circulatory arrest period was 20 +/- 12 min. All patients survived and were extubated within 48 h. No major deficit was observed clinically or on postoperative CT scan. No hemorrhagic complications occurred (mean transfusions was 2.2 blood units). This work supports an extensive use of heparin-coated surfaces for complex circulatory assist techniques, either for cardiac or extra cardiac complex procedures.
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PMID:Centrifugal pumps and heparin-coated circuits in surgical treatment of giant cerebral aneurysms. 1088 60

Interfrontal encephalocele is one of the rare varieties of anterior encephalocele, and a giant interfrontal encephalocele is extremely rare. The authors could find only one case report of giant interfrontal encephalocele in the literature. Anterior encephaloceles are more prevalent in South-East Asia and some northern parts of India. Giant encephalocele poses a great challenge to neurosurgeons and neuroanesthetists during surgery, as these infants usually have a low birth weight and a large sac, thus making the infant prone to hypothermia and blood loss among other risks. We encountered a patient with a giant interfrontal encephalocele aged 1 month. The rarity of this case prompted us to this report.
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PMID:Giant Interfrontal Encephalocele in an Infant: A Rare Entity. 2751 87