Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty female long-tailed macaques received nasogastric intubation of 0-600 micrograms/kg-day L-selenomethionine for up to 30 consecutive days. Selenium ingestion was well tolerated at all dose levels until the second to third week of the study at which time two animals given 600 micrograms/kg-day died. One animal from the 300 micrograms/kg-day group was removed from study on Treatment Day 19 due to selenium-induced hypothermia. In some cases, administered doses were reduced at the 300 and 600 micrograms/kg-day levels such that the final time-weighted average doses were 0, 25, 62-117, 150, 188-203, and 300 micrograms/kg-day. Six animals at the 188 micrograms/kg-day level or greater required nonscheduled fruit and dietary supplementation to prevent their impending demise. As the dose and duration of exposure increased, the incidence of anorexia, gastrointestinal distress, mucocutaneous toxicity, and frequency of reduced body temperature also increased. A dose-dependent reduction in body weight was also observed. At the greater doses, disturbances in menstrual function were evident, and were accompanied by the absence of serum progesterone concentrations above 1.0 ng/ml, reduced luteal phase lengths, increased intermenstrual intervals, and lowered estrogen excretion. A maximum tolerated dose of 150 micrograms/kg-day L-selenomethionine for 30 days was identified based on mean body weight reduction, hypothermia, dermatitis, xerosis, cheilitis, disturbances in menstruation, and the necessity of dietary intervention to prevent death at doses of 188 micrograms/kg-day or greater.
 ...
PMID:30-day oral toxicity study of L-selenomethionine in female long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). 276 59

This article attempts to cover the more specific pruritic problems encountered in rabbits, rodents, and ferrets. There are certainly other causes of pruritus in these animals. Dermatophytes in guinea pigs are not reported to be pruritic, but because they are pruritic in other species, they should be considered in a differential diagnosis. A cryptococcal dermatitis in a guinea pig that was pruritic has been reported. Although mites were not seen on scraping, the animal was treated for sarcoptid mites and apparently the pruritus lessened. Because the cryptococcis was still present, it is questionable whether it was causing the pruritus. Pruritic ulcerative dermatitis over the back and shoulders has been seen in some lines of rats. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured from many of the lesions. Clipping the toenails on the feet helped lessen the severity of the lesions. Syphacia spp. have been reported in rats, gerbils, and hamsters and should be considered if there is perineal pruritus. MOBS, or "move over buddy syndrome," is seen especially in mice and may be seen in hamsters, gerbils, and rats that are overcrowded or stressed. The lesions are actually bite wounds that have been inflicted around the tail base and the perineum and on the tail, but these wounds can be mistaken for self-inflicted trauma from pruritus. All of the recommended treatments are extralabel, and clients should be informed of this. I have observed a guinea pig become lethargic and anorexic after only one application of a flea powder approved for use in cats. Brushing most of the powder off and offering dandelion greens to stimulate appetite helped. The second dusting was done with the same flea powder diluted with baby powder. Whenever these animals are dipped, it is important to let them dry in a warm, draft-free area. Again, it is important to be aware that the ratio of surface area to body weight is much higher in these small animals than in the species routinely seen in veterinary practice especially to prevent toxicoses from topically applied medications and iatrogenic hypothermia or hyperthermia.
 ...
PMID:Pruritus in rabbits, rodents, and ferrets. 305 47

We attempted local hypothermia to prevent radiation dermatitis and stomatitis. With regard to parasternal skin reactions postoperatively irradiated breast cancer, dry and moist desquamation, which occasionally occurred with conventional irradiation was not observed in combination with local cooling. As for head and neck tumors, patients who complained of stomatitis decreased with the local cooling, and no one wanted a pause in irradiation before 40 Gy. As local hypothermia is free from danger and does not require special equipment, it was considered to be widely applicable.
 ...
PMID:[Radioprotective effect of local hypothermia]. 403 61

We report on an accidental extravasation of docetaxel given intravenously as chemotherapy in a cancer patient. The extravasate was immediately diluted subcutaneously with saline, in addition to which hypothermia (ice-packs) was implemented and topical dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was applied three times every 45 min. Corticosteroids and diclofenac were also administered. Dermatitis developed immediately but had disappeared within 24 h. Notably, dermatopathological changes were absent on days 2-4, minimal on day 5, and increased thereafter. Dermatitis developed as a late symptom, resulting in brown discoloration and skin hyperplasia. No plastic surgical intervention was necessary. We propose that isotonic saline, topical DMSO and local hypothermia may have restricted the inflammation and tissue necrosis induced by the extravasation of docetaxel. Repetitive topical application of DMSO beyond the day of extravasation had no additional benefit.
 ...
PMID:Docetaxel extravasation. 1130 72

A 9-year-old female, domestic short hair cat was presented with sudden onset of polyuria/polydipsia, and hundreds of cutaneous nodules. Prior to referral, the cat had had four skin nodules that were treated with steroids. The four skin nodules then multiplied to form more than 100 ulcerated and nonulcerated nodules located all over the trunk. Clinical evaluation revealed hypothermia and respiratory distress. Cytology from both skin nodules and bronchoalveolar lavage showed macrophages and small organisms whose shape and size were indicative of Toxoplasma spp., or similar organisms. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) serology results were negative. The cat was seropositive for Toxoplasma (IgG 1 : 640) and Neospora (1 : 80) infections. The cat died soon after referral. Necropsy revealed pyothorax, necrotic/purulent pneumonia, haemorrhagic spots on kidneys and mesentery. Histopathology from skin nodules showed diffuse, deep necrotic dermatitis/panniculitis, vasculitis and disseminated free and grouped protozoa. The parasites were found in lungs, spleen, kidneys and liver. Immunohistochemistry on skin tissue with anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies gave positive results with both. Electron microscopy showed single and grouped tachyzoites with morphological features of T. gondii, often within macrophages. Samples of cutaneous nodules and bronchoalveolar fluid were examined by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detecting apicomplexa coccidia. PCR results were consistent only with T. gondii infection. Therefore, immunohistochemistry positivity for N. caninum was considered a cross-reaction and a diagnosis of cutaneous and visceral toxoplasmosis was made.
 ...
PMID:Feline cutaneous toxoplasmosis: a case report. 1584 45

Maneb, manganese ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate, is a fungicide pesticide used in the agriculture and bulb flower culture sector. Toxicological effects for humans have been reported in literature and are diverse. They vary from allergic reactions (dermatitis, conjunctivitis, and bronchitis), central nervous system effects (muscarinic, nicotinic, central and extrapyramidal) and renal toxicity (acute renal failure).A 7-year old girl was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit because of status epilepticus. Physical examination showed respiratory insufficiency, convulsions, and severe hypothermia (32.5 degrees C). The patient was intubated and her convulsions were successfully treated with benzodiazepines. Except for a combined metabolic and respiratory acidosis and hyperglycemia, diagnostic investigations on admission (full blood count, electrolytes, liver and renal functions, cerebrospinal fluid investigation, toxicology screening of blood and urine for barbiturates and benzodiazepines, blood culture, herpes PCR, and a CT scan of the brain) were normal. Within 24 hours, there was a complete recovery of all neurological signs. Within 72 hours, the patient was discharged from the hospital. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric investigation of her blood showed amounts of maneb, which can explain all symptoms and signs. However, effects of this magnitude on the central nervous system have not previously been reported in humans.
 ...
PMID:Life threatening central nervous system manifestations and hypothermia due to maneb intoxication in a child: a case report. 1716 99