Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to examine (1) whether there were a relationship between the sex-related differences in 51-day-old OF1 mice, regarding male aggressiveness and their sensitivity to an acute hypoxic (nitrogen) 50% lethal challenge, and (2) whether these sex-related differences could be modified by psychoactive drugs acutely injected at nonincapacitating doses. The introduction of a previously isolated male in grouped (10) mice decreased survival to the hypoxic challenge more in females than in males. The previously isolated male, which acted as an 'aggressor' with grouped mice (fights and flights in male groups, and mounts in female groups), had a higher hypoxic mortality than the mice of the groups under aggression. Psychoactive drugs were intraperitoneally injected in grouped mice before the introduction of the male aggressor. Clorazepate (5 and 25 mg/kg) abolished the sex-related difference in hypoxic survival in groups in the presence of, but not in the absence of, the previously isolated male. Conversely, hydroxyzine (5 mg/kg) and dexamphetamine (1 mg/kg) suppressed the sex-related difference only in the absence of the aggressor. The effects of these drugs appeared to be associated more with flight than with fight reactions provoked by the introduction of the male aggressor. A deep hypothermia was noted in clorazepate-treated mice at the issue of the hypoxic challenge.
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PMID:Action of psychoactive drugs on sex-related differences of OF1 mice; intraspecific aggressiveness and acute hypoxia survival. 11 29

33 pig livers were preserved using two comparative methods: extra-corporeal perfusion and immersion in hypothermia. The duration of conservation varied between 2 and 24 hours. A macroscopic and microscopic study carried out in all cases permitted us to define four cytological stages for the lesions, completed by an ultrastructural study showing the cyto-pathological course of the hepatocytes in two distinct cell series. The interest of this study is to better appreciate the degree of aggression of the lobule in relation to the metabolic gradient and that of the hepatic parenchyma. Analysis of the results is in favour of conservation of the liver by immersion.
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PMID:[Histological study of livers conserved for long periods (author's transl)]. 54 60

We systematically paired auditory, olfactory, and social stimuli with each injection of morphine in rats. We found that, when morphine was kept constant at a low dose, the external stimuli acquired the property of a conditional stimulus (CS) to cause hyperthermia which was antagonized by naloxone. In rats in which morphine doses were regularly increased to cause morphine dependence, the CS presented during withdrawal, caused reduction in withdrawal signs (wet shakes, hypothermia, aggression) and produced hyperglycemia as well as elevation of striatal homovanillic acid. CS-induced alleviation of withdrawal hypothermia was blocked by mecamylamine, phenoxybenzamine, haloperidol, benztropine or naloxone but not by cyproheptadine or propranolol.
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PMID:Alleviation of narcotic withdrawal syndrome by conditional stimuli. 103 8

A Functional observational battery (FOB) was utilized to provide a semiquantitative description of the hyperreactivity, excitability, and debilitation produced by amitraz. Adult male Long-Evans rats were administered either vehicle or 10, 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg amitraz ip. They were tested with the FOB immediately before dosing, at 1 and 4 hr, and at 1, 2, 4, and 8 days after dosing. Higher doses (100-200 mg/kg) produced increased reactivity to manipulation, tenseness, and aggression. Most or all doses produced depressed arousal and rearing activity, hypothermia, body weight loss, and autonomic changes including ptosis, chromodacryorrhea resulting in facial crustiness, loss of the pupil reflex, and decreased defecation. Altered gait and decreased landing foot splay were also produced by amitraz. For the most part, effects of lower doses (10-50 mg/kg) were reversible by 2 to 4 days after treatment. In the higher dose groups, however, signs of toxicity were evident, and in some cases even more prominent (e.g., handling hyperreactivity), 8 days after a single dose of amitraz. The FOB thus provided a semiquantitative description of the magnitude and time course of many features of the amitraz toxicity syndrome.
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PMID:Investigations of amitraz neurotoxicity in rats. IV. Assessment of toxicity syndrome using a functional observational battery. 191 81

The central adrenergic blocking activity of adimolol (ADL) was studied in rats and mice in the tests which can differentiate beta-, alpha 1-, and alpha 2-adrenolytic effects. Clenbuterol- and salbutamol-induced sedation in rats (open field test) and clenbuterol-induced hyperthermia (at high ambient temperature) were antagonized by low doses of ADL (0.1-1.0 mg/kg ip). ADL (10 mg/kg ip) attenuated the clonidine-induced aggression in mice, and its higher doses (20 and 40 mg/kg ip) depressed the hind limb flexor reflex of the spinal rat and counteracted the stimulatory action of clonidine. ADL at doses from 2.5 to 40 mg/kg ip affected neither the clonidine-induced sedation in rats and mice (locomotor activity, open field test), nor the hyperthermia (at high temperature). The hypothermia (at a room temperature of 21 degrees C) induced by clonidine was partially antagonized. The Ki values for ADL displacement of 3H-dihydroalprenolol and 3H-prazosin binding in the rat cerebral cortex were 1.2 nM and 951 nM respectively. These results indicate that ADL is a potent antagonist of central beta-adrenoceptors and has a weaker alpha 1-adrenolytic action. The central alpha 2-antagonistic effect is either very weak or absent.
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PMID:Central beta- and alpha-adrenolytic activities of adimolol. 289 Jan 41

The sexual and associated behaviour of 10 adult male marmosets was recorded during pair tests with ovariectomized females, before and after bilateral thermal lesions of the hypothalamus. Four sham-lesioned males served as controls. Lesions varied in volume from 1.49 to 3.28 mm3 and extended from the ventromedial hypothalamus to the diagonal band of Broca. Precopulatory behaviours (anticipatory erections, tongue flicking and anogenital investigations of the female) as well as frequencies of mounting, intromission and ejaculation decreased in lesioned males. The greatest suppression of sexual behaviour occurred after lesioning the anterior hypothalamus (AH), beneath the anterior commissure, or at the junction of the AH with the preoptic area (POA). Lesions confined to the POA had less profound behavioural effects. Treating ovariectomized females with estradiol stimulated their proceptivity but had no consistent effects upon the males' behaviour. Lesioned males did not exhibit signs of social withdrawal and frequencies of allogrooming or grooming invitations increased post-operatively. Preliminary studies on intermale aggression indicated that lesions which had the greatest effect upon sexual behaviour also tended to decrease aggressive interactions with other males. Hypothalamic lesions did not affect plasma testosterone levels, except in one male and only one animal showed signs of ill health (weight loss and hypothermia) post-operatively. These results show that damage to the AH or AH-POA junction in male marmosets causes a profound suppression of sexual 'arousal' and copulatory behaviour and that such affects are not due to androgen insufficiency or other, non-specific, side effects of neural damage.
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PMID:Effects of hypothalamic lesions upon the sexual and social behaviour of the male common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). 314 70

Though usually preventable, drowning remains a major cause of accidental death in our society. The lethal common denominator in drowning and neardrowning deaths is hypoxia. Aggressive treatment both at the scene and in the hospital is recommended even in those who initially appear lifeless. Hypothermia and the diving reflex probably explain the incredible survival stories in neardrowning. Remember the maxim in cold water immersion: "One is not dead until warm and dead!"
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PMID:Neardrowning and cold water immersion. 636 55

Female rats which were exposed to supine restraint plus cold for 3 hr and were able to bite a passing nylon brush, developed fewer gastric lesions as compared to control rats which were similarly restrained but did not have access to the aggressive biting response. A second study, wherein rats were exposed to two restraint sessions, replicated the results obtained from the first experiment. Core body temperature measures revealed that rats with access to the biting response were more successful in maintaining body temperature. The protective effect of aggression may thus be due to the reduction in restraint hypothermia and not necessarily the affective qualities of the aggressive response per se.
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PMID:Aggression, body temperature, and stress ulcer. 653 82

A 26-year-old woman had hyperphagia, obesity, aggressive behavior, visual hallucinations, reversal of wake-sleep patterns, hypothermia, hypothyroidism, and amenorrhea. She died of pancreatitis, probably secondary to hypothermia. Autopsy revealed a low-grade astrocytoma in the third ventricle and medial anterior and mid hypothalamus, primarily on the right. Although she exhibited thyroid and ovarian hypofunction, the patient had intact median eminence and pituitary function, suggesting end-organ failure, possibly of an autoimmune nature.
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PMID:Hypothalamic astrocytoma. Syndrome of hyperphagia, obesity, and disturbances of behavior and endocrine and autonomic function. 657 19

The surgical results of 77 patients with an aneurysm of the thoracic or thoracoabdominal aorta who were surgically treated during a 5-year period were retrospectively evaluated. Eighty-four operations were performed. The aneurysm was located on the ascending aorta in 20 patients, on the arch in nine, and on the arch and ascending aorta in eight. Sixteen aneurysms involved the descending thoracic aorta and 27 were thoracoabdominal. Associated surgery was performed in 12 patients. Deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest were employed in 30 patients. Partial cardiopulmonary bypass was used in 15 patients. Mortality was significantly higher if operation was performed under emergency conditions: the early mortality rate was 11.7%. Aggressive surgical management of untreated aneurysm is justified, as rupture of such lesions is the most common cause of death and associated mortality is high, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of thoracic aneurysm: a 5-year experience. 778 Jul 3


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