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Query: UMLS:C0020672 (hypothermia)
 17,327 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The rectal temperature of 15 cats and 18 dogs was recoded during anaesthesia and surgery. There was a mean decrease of 3-4 degrees C in animals weighing less than 10kg and of 1-5 degrees C in animals weighing on average 30-2kg. In four dogs which were protected from accidental hypothermia by the use of a circulating warm water blanket, the mean decrease in rectal temperature was 0-5 degrees C.
Vet Rec 1975 Apr 05
PMID:Accidental hypothermia during anaesthesia in dogs and cats. 112 29

A combination of 0.5 mg/kg of methotrimeprazine, 0.1 mg/kg of midazolam and 100 mg/kg of a 10 per cent guaiphenesin solution was investigated for the induction of recumbency in 15 horses; the addition of 1.6 mg/kg of ketamine was also evaluated in 15 horses and anaesthesia was maintained with halothane in oxygen. The horses became recumbent quickly and smoothly and they recovered quietly, with little ataxia. Tachycardia occurred after induction, but no other changes from pre-operative values were observed until halothane in oxygen had been given, when hypothermia, hypotension, bradypnoea, hyperoxaemia, respiratory acidosis and decreased respiratory minute volume developed. Horses given ketamine in addition to methotrimeprazine, midazolam and guaiphenesin were easier to intubate and recovered more quickly than horses receiving only methotrimeprazine, midazolam and guaiphenesin.
Vet Rec 1992 Jul 11
PMID:A combination of methotrimeprazine, midazolam and guaiphenesin, with and without ketamine, in an anaesthetic procedure for horses. 150 60

A survey of mortality in hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) was carried out between July 1976 and November 1986. Most were from Norfolk. Of the 74 examined, 35 (47.3 per cent) were road casualties, one of which yielded Salmonella typhimurium phage type (PT) 104. Of the remaining 39, 13 (33.3 per cent) had salmonellosis due to S enteritidis PT 11. This organism, which appears to be common and widespread in hedgehogs in England was found in 10 separate incidents. The only other zoonosis was ringworm (Trichophyton erinacei infection). Other findings included ectoparasitic infestations with mange mites (Caparinia tripilis), fleas (Archaeopsylla erinacei) and ticks (Ixodes hexagonus). Helminths comprised Crenosoma striatum lungworms (associated with Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in one animal), intestinal nematodes (Capillaria species), cestodes (Rodentolepis erinacei), trematodes (Brachylaemus erinacei) and acanthocephalans (Prosthoryhnchus species). Metaldehyde poisoning was diagnosed in three animals. Over a 10 year period 370 carcases were counted on a stretch of 18 miles of road in Norfolk. The major causes of mortality are probably road casualties and hypothermia during the winter months. In December 1988 S enteritidis PT 11 was isolated from three of four carcases examined in Berkshire and the zoonosis pseudotuberculosis (Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection) was diagnosed in two of them.
Vet Rec 1991 Mar 16
PMID:Zoonoses and other findings in hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus): a survey of mortality and review of the literature. 203 15

The birth and fate of 818 lambs born to 571 ewes on a low-ground farm in the Scottish Borders with a history of substantial perinatal mortality were monitored with a range of physiological, biochemical and pathological measurements. In lambs which survived, the rectal temperature, birthweight and plasma concentrations of fructose, insulin, thyroxine and the third component of complement at birth, and the weight at four months of age, decreased with litter size. One hundred and thirty-seven lambs were stillborn or died within four days and seven others died later. The mothers of 77 per cent of these lambs had low condition scores, but the lamb deaths did not correlate significantly with the condition scores. From data relating to birthweight, temperature, packed cell volume and plasma composition it was deduced that placental insufficiency was involved in 24 per cent of these deaths; acute hypoxaemia at birth accounted for 35 per cent, inadequate thermogenesis for 12 per cent and starvation for 13 per cent. The remaining 16 per cent of dead lambs could not be assigned to any of these categories. Using only clinicopathological criteria, 37 per cent of the lamb deaths were attributed to antenatal influences which included immaturity, developmental anomalies, and degenerative or inflammatory changes. Thirty-three per cent of the deaths were due to post natal factors which included, in declining order of frequency, starvation, enteritis, misadventure, pneumonia, navel infections and septicaemia. No conclusions could be drawn from the pathological examinations alone in the remaining 30 per cent, although almost half of these had low rectal temperatures after birth, death being attributed to hypothermia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Vet Rec 1987 Apr 11
PMID:Clinical, biochemical and pathological study of perinatal lambs in a commercial flock. 359 May 87

A new system for the detection and treatment of hypothermia in newborn lambs was evaluated on 30 commercial farms. This system comprised the detection of hypothermia with the aid of an electronic thermometer, the reversal of hypoglycaemia in lambs aged more than five hours by an intraperitoneal injection of glucose solution, warming in air at 40 degrees C and careful management after warming. Of all lambs treated, 69 per cent were alive one week later. The majority of lambs which were treated and lived were subsequently reared on ewes. Treatment was more successful in lambs aged less than five hours (76 per cent) than in older lambs (64 per cent). Higher success rates were recorded when the hypothermia was detected in the temperature range of 37.0 to 39.0 degrees C (83 per cent) than when it was only detected at a temperature of less than 37.0 degrees C (65 per cent). Twins and triplet lambs were more susceptible to hypothermia than singles.
Vet Rec 1984 May 12
PMID:Effectiveness in commercial practice of a new system for detecting and treating hypothermia in newborn lambs. 646 9

The causes of hypothermia in 89 lambs were identified on the basis of history and clinical biochemistry. Excessive heat loss accounted for 24 per cent of the cases, and depressed heat production because of either severe hypoxia during birth, immaturity or starvation accounted for 72 per cent. Exhaustion of energy reserves and hypoglycaemia were marked characteristics of lambs which became hypothermic after 12 hours of age. Most of the lambs were either twins or triplets. The implications of the findings for both the treatment and prevention of hypothermia in newborn lambs are discussed.
Vet Rec 1982 Feb 06
PMID:Causes of hypothermia in 89 lambs. 689 65

A technique was developed for the resuscitation of hypothermic newborn lambs. This technique consisted of three major components: the administration of glucose solution by intraperitoneal injection to lambs aged six hours or more in order to reverse hypoglycaemia (10 ml/kg of a 20 per cent solution); rewarming the lambs in air at 40 degrees C; and careful attention to the nutrition and husbandry of the lambs after rewarming. The results indicate that careful application of this technique during lambing would considerably reduce the losses from hypothermia.
Vet Rec 1982 Feb 06
PMID:Resuscitation of hypothermic lambs. 718 98

The clinical efficacy of a combination of medetomidine, butorphanol and midazolam for anaesthesia in dogs, and its reversal by atipamezole, was evaluated in two experimental groups of four adult beagle dogs and compared with a control group of four dogs receiving only midazolam and butorphanol. The anaesthetic procedure was used for surgical procedures in another group of 14 dogs. After the injection of medetomidine, a rapid loss of coordination followed by mild sedation was observed. Anaesthesia was attained 2 +/- 1 minutes after the administration of butorphanol and midazolam and lasted 82 +/- 5 minutes, the dogs recovered 51 +/- 6 minutes later and there were no side effects. Analgesia and skeletal muscle relaxation were optimal throughout the period of anaesthesia. Statistically significant bradycardia and hypothermia were observed but there were no significant effects on respiratory function. After atipamezole the dogs recovered their normal posture, heart rate and body temperature in less than 20 minutes. In the control group, the short-lived light sedation was accompanied by inadequate analgesia and poor muscle relaxation. In the surgical group, no differences, except in drug requirements, were recorded in comparison with the experimental groups. Good analgesia and muscle relaxation, total absence of side effects and stability in vital body functions were observed. The injection of atipamezole was always effective, devoid of side effects and induced recovery in less than 20 minutes.
Vet Rec 1993 Apr 03
PMID:Medetomidine-butorphanol-midazolam for anaesthesia in dogs and its reversal by atipamezole. 809 70

Seventy-two healthy dogs required sedation and analgesia for a variety of procedures causing discomfort or pain. They were treated either with the alpha 2-agonist medetomidine at 40 micrograms/kg (15 intravenously and 17 intramuscularly), or 80 micrograms/kg (15 intravenously and 15 intramuscularly) or with xylazine plus l-methadone (1.0 mg)(10 intravenously). The levels of sedation, analgesia and safety were compared clinically and by measurements of the effects on the electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood gases, body temperature, haematology and clinical chemistry. Sedation was achieved reliably with both medetomidine and xylazine plus l-methadone but its onset, depth and duration were influenced by the dose and route of administration. In the medetomidine-treated dogs, intravenous administration resulted in more rapid sedation and the effects of the higher dose were deeper and longer lasting. The small dogs receiving 40 micrograms/kg may have been underdosed. The initial analgesic effects in response to a pin prick to the body surface were sufficient and similar for both drugs, except for the intramuscular dose of 40 micrograms/kg medetomidine. Analgesia for the clinical procedures was less reliable with medetomidine and was not always adequate even at the high dose, but xylazine plus l-methadone assured analgesia in almost every case. Medetomidine resulted in marked bradycardia, lasting as long as the sedation and the ECG revealed a sinus arrhythmia with sinoatrial and atrioventricular blocks grade I and II as a sign of interference with transduction. The bradycardia with xylazine plus l-methadone was less pronounced. A decrease in respiratory rate accompanying sedation had no influence on blood gases and blood acidity in the dogs treated with medetomidine but caused a respiratory acidosis with xylazine plus l-methadone. Body temperature decreased with all treatments for the duration of the period of sedation. Blood glucose concentration increased to a similar extent in all treatment groups, but all other haematological and clinicochemical variables remained unchanged. Treatment with the specific alpha 2 antagonist, atipamezole, reversed the sedation and cardiovascular and pulmonary effects due to medetomidine within minutes.
Vet Rec 1996 Feb 10
PMID:Clinical comparison of medetomidine with xylazine/l-methadone in dogs. 865 Sep 15

Verrucous endocarditis of the aortic valves was diagnosed postmortem in a Persian cat that died after showing clinical signs of dyspnoea, hypothermia and anorexia. Bacterial colonies were evident on Giemsa-stained sections of the valves and Escherichia coli was isolated from the endocarditis lesions.
Vet Rec 1998 Sep 12
PMID:Verrucous endocarditis due to Escherichia coli in a Persian cat. 978 48


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