Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020639 (hypoproteinemia)
 1,134 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In five cases of giant hypertrophic gastritis (Menetrier's disease) biopsied gastric mucosa was examined for fibrinolytic activity; in all cases there was marked elevation of the activity due mainly to tissue plasminogen activator. The patients were given antifibrinolytic therapy with oral tranexamic acid (trans-4-aminomethyl cyclohexane carboxylic acid; trans-AMCHA), and four of the patients showed marked improvement of their hypoproteinemia as well as their mucosal disorders. One patient, who showed moderate increase of serum protein level but no reduction of the mucosal disorder, finally received gastrectomy. It was concluded that antifibrinolytic therapy seemed to block the vicious circle of 'membrane disorders', 'increased tissue fibrinolysis', 'increased vascular permeability' and 'hypoproteinemia' in Menetrier's disease.
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PMID:Anti-fibrinolytic therapy of giant hypertrophic gastritis (Menetrier's disease). 36 27

Although it is well known that growth hormone may influence protein metabolism, few investigations have been undertaken on serum protein levels in acromegaly; recently hypoglobulinemia has been observed in this endocrine disorder. In 28 acromegalic patients and 56 control subjects sera have been analyzed for total protein determination and for electrophoretic protein separation. The results have shown that in acromegalic there is a slight but statistically highly significant decrease of serum total protein (mean +/- SE 6.66 +/- 0.07 g/100 ml vs 7.10 +/- 0.07 g/100 ml), albumin, alpha 1 and alpha 2-globulins. Since growth hormone stimulates protein synthesis, the pathophysiological significance of hypoproteinemia of acromegaly is at present obscure.
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PMID:Hypoproteinemia in acromegaly. 48 30

1. Clinical and necropsy observations in lepromatous leprosy associated with severe emaciation and accompanying hypoproteinemia suggest that protein deprivation may be of pathogenic significance in the ulcerative phenomenon that is designated "Lazarine leprosy". 2. An experimental utilizing Wiersung rats infected with Mycobacterium lepraemurium and maintained on a protein-free diet was developed for the purpose of studying the effect of protein starvation on the course of chronic mycobacterial disease similar to lepromatous leprosy with respect to pathogen and host inflammatory response. 3. It was possible to maintain the experimental animals on a protein-free diet for up to 18 weeks of concomitant M. lepraemurium infection. This was long enough for the infection to disseminate to a degree that was evident in control animals only several weeks later. 4. The protein-deprived animals showed decreased inflammatory response to the pathogen, presented more rapid dissemination of the infection and harbored more bacilli per macrophage than did animals similarly infected but maintained on a protein adequate diet. This indicates impairment of native cellular immunity by protein deprivation through decrease in ability of macrophages to inhibit bacillary multiplication. 5. There was no evidence of impairment of macrophage ability to phagocytose the pathogens. 6. Morphologically the increased dissemination of pathogens and decrease in inflammatory response was similar to the increase in number and extent of visceral lesions seen in Lazarine leprosy. Decreased ability to dispose of the infecting bacilli was similar in the two models, human and animal. The animal model does not, as does lepromatous leprosy, involve the skin in the infection. Hence comparable ulcerative phenomena were not replicated in the animals. 7. It is suggested that Lazarine leprosy may result from enhanced lepromatous leprous infection occurring as a result of protein malnutrition. The pathogenic mechanism appears to be impairment of cellular immunity probably enhanced by concomitant impairment of humoral antibody immunity resulting also in decreased resistance to pyogenic and other secondary pathogens. The tissue edema attendant on decreased serum osmotic pressure due to lowering of the serum protein fractions enhances the probability of ulceration.
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PMID:The role of protein malnutrition in the pathogenesis of ulcerative "Lazarine" leprosy. 82 11

Diffuse erosive "gastritis" was discovered as early as five hours postinjury in 45 of 54 burn patients (83.5%) evaluated by gastroduodenoscopy. Acute ulcers were identified in 14 patients (26%); concomitant duodenal disease was present in 34 patients (76%). Microvascular fibrin thrombi were not demonstrated even though five patients had disseminated intravascular coagulation. Seven patients were examined before nasogastric intubation; four, with a mean burn size of 59.6% total body surface, had diffuse "gastritis." Low total serum protein levels were measured in 81% of tested patients, but were not predictive of mucosal disease. Hemorrhage followed the clinical deterioration of six patients (11.1%); one ulcer perforated. Whereas coagulation abnormalities, nasogastric intubation, and hypoproteinemia may augment mucosal injury, the morphologic and histologic examinations of the lesions suggested a primary ischemic cause resulting from the opening of submucosal shunts or local vasoconstriction.
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PMID:Acute gastric disease after cutaneous thermal injury. 113 Oct 3

Protein concentration and hydrostatic pressure were measured in subcutaneous tissue of rats during development of aminonucleoside nephrosis. Samples of interstitial fluid for protein analysis were collected from subcutaneous tissue by a wick method, and hydrostatic pressure was measured by a modified Scholander technique. When the serum protein concentration was reduced from 6.1 to 4.8 g/100 ml, interstitial fluid protein concentration fell from 3.0 to 1.1 g/100 ml. This corresponds to a reduction of calculated oncotic pressures from 18.0 to 13.0 mm Hg and from 7.8 to 3.0 mm Hg in serum and interstitial fluid, respectively, thus leaving a nearly constant net transcapillary oncotic pressure. When serum protein concentration was further reduced to 3.8 g/100 ml, interstitial fluid protein concentration was reduced to 0.5 g/100 ml, reducing net transcapillary oncotic pressure by 2-3 mm Hg. The average hydrostatic pressure in subcutis was 1.0 mm Hg subatmospheric under control conditions and did not change during hypoproteinemia. The results indicate that a reduction of interstitial protein concentration is an important factor in preventing edema formation in hypoproteinemia.
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PMID:Protein concentration and hydrostatic pressure in subcutaneous tissue of rats in hypoproteinemia. 118 99

Shigellosis in children can cause growth retardation, worsening of malnutrition, and hypoproteinemia. To assess the effects of ingestion of a protein-rich diet during convalescence, 22 children aged 2 to 4 y with culture-proven shigellosis were randomly assigned after 5 d of antibiotic treatment to 21-d feeding regimens of either a 150 kcal/kg/d high-protein diet with 15% of calories as protein or an isocaloric control diet with 6% of calories as protein. At the start and end of dietary treatment, weight, height, mid-arm circumference, skinfold thickness, serum protein concentrations, and serum IGF-I were measured. Means of weight gain and increases in mid-arm circumference were greater in children fed high-protein diets than those fed control diets (1.23 versus 0.76 kg; 1.40 versus 0.96 cm; p < 0.05). Mean increase in height in children fed high-protein diets (0.83 cm) was not significantly greater than with control diets (0.74 cm). Mean increases in serum concentrations of total protein, prealbumin, and retinol-binding protein were greater in the high-protein group than in controls (p < 0.05). Mean serum concentrations of IGF-I were low in both groups before treatment [4.2 +/- 2.6 nmol/L (31.9 +/- 19.6 ng/mL) in controls; 3.1 +/- 3.4 nmol/L (24.0 +/- 26.3 ng/mL) in the high-protein group] but increased more in the high-protein group [39.0 +/- 16.2 nmol/L (298 +/- 124 ng/mL)] than in the control group [16.7 +/- 9.2 nmol/L (128 +/- 70 ng/mL), p < 0.01].(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effects of a protein-rich diet during convalescence from shigellosis on catch-up growth, serum proteins, and insulin-like growth factor-I. 128 60

A 61-year-old male stonecutter was in excellent health until December 1988 when he was admitted to Miyagikenritsu Semine Hospital with an abnormality on chest X-ray film. Chest X-ray film revealed a left anterior mass that was confirmed on chest CT scan and MRI. Biochemical examinations and serum protein electrophoresis demonstrated hypoproteinemia (5.4 g/dl) and hypogammaglobulinemia (7.9%, 0.43 g/dl). Lymphocyte subset analysis showed OKT4 epitope deficiency (OKT4 0.1% and Leu3a 28.4%), and decrease of CD4/CD8 ratio (0.65). An encapsulated anterior mediastinal mass and the thymus were resected on January 9, 1989, without difficulty. Histology revealed a thymoma with a spindle cell epithelial component. OKT4 epitope deficiency in a patient with Good's syndrome (thymoma with hypogammaglobulinemia) was our diagnosis. There was no change in the patient's serum immunoglobulin level after thymectomy. Fifteen cases of Good's syndrome have been reported in Japan, but this is the first report of OKT4 epitope deficiency with Good's syndrome in Japan.
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PMID:[OKT4 epitope deficiency in a patient with thymoma and hypogammaglobulinemia]. 170 Aug 38

To determine the importance of bacteremia in hospitalized patients with diarrhea in Bangladesh, from September 1982 through August 1983 the authors obtained blood for culture from 1,824 patients who were suspected of having sepsis (44% of all admissions). Nontyphoid bacteremia occurred in 243 patients. The most common pathogens were the Enterobacteriaceae (n = 66 episodes), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 65), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other non-glucose-fermenting bacilli (n = 50), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 40), and Haemophilus influenzae (n = 16). When compared with an equal number of control patients without bacteremia, bacteremic patients were significantly (p less than 0.05) more likely to be under 1 year of age (46.5% of bacteremic patients vs. 30.0% of control patients) and more often had abdominal tenderness (20.1% vs. 11.5%), hypoproteinemia (a serum protein level less than 60 g/liter) (58.9% vs. 42.9%), and a prior intravenous infusion (49.0% vs. 30.9%). The case-fatality rate was 29.7% in bacteremic patients versus 7.8% in controls (relative risk (RR) = 3.8, p less than 0.001). Factors that were associated with an increased risk of death in bacteremic patients were infection with a Gram-negative pathogen (RR = 2.48), decreased peristalsis (RR = 2.66), hypoproteinemia (RR = 3.36), hypothermia (RR = 2.54), and hypotension (RR = 2.19). Bacteremia appears to be an important link between diarrheal illness and death in Bangladesh. In children with diarrhea who are suspected of being septic, early implementation of antimicrobial therapy that is effective against the broad range of pathogens identified appears to be indicated.
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PMID:Bacteremia during diarrhea: incidence, etiology, risk factors, and outcome. 200 Aug 55

We report a patient with congenital myotonic dystrophy who had progressive edema and hypoproteinemia. An atrioseptal defect and patent ductus arteriosus were noted and were considered to be the cause of the right heart failure and edema. Although urinary protein levels were minimal, infusion of albumin did not improve the hypoproteinemia. Administration of dexamethasone increased the serum protein level, but the edema was not ameliorated. Autopsy revealed a slight lymphatic dilation in the small intestine, suggesting protein-losing enteropathy.
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PMID:Congenital myotonic dystrophy with progressive edema and hypoproteinemia. 206 1

We present here two cases of reversible hypoproteinemia which could have occurred as an adverse effect of chronic lithium administration. In the present cases, protein losing a renal dysfunction, liver dysfunction and malabsorption syndrome were not observed, and the relationship between their dietary volume and serum protein levels was poor. The mechanism of hypoproteinemia in these cases was not identified from previously obtained data. We suggested that this type of hypoproteinemia might be a new adverse effect of lithium.
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PMID:Hypoproteinemia related with chronic lithium therapy in two patients. 211 66


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