Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020639 (hypoproteinemia)
 1,134 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Medical records of 11 cats with lymphoma involving large granular lymphocytes were reviewed. All 9 cats tested were FeLV-negative. Ten cats had a history of anorexia, lethargy, vomiting, or diarrhea, and had lymphoma involving abdominal viscera. The most common site of tumor in these cats was the jejunum. One cat had cutaneous masses caused by dermal and epidermal infiltration with neoplastic large granular lymphocytes. The most common hematologic abnormality was leukocytosis, characterized by neutrophilia with a left shift (7 cats); 2 cats had a left shift without neutrophilia. None of the cats had lymphocytosis, but immature large granular lymphocytes were found in the blood of 4 cats. The most common serum biochemical abnormalities were hypoalbuminemia (10 cats), hypocalcemia (10 cats), hypoproteinemia (9 cats), high aspartate transaminase activity (9 cats), and hyperbilirubinemia (8 cats). Large granular lymphocytes were characterized by abundant cytoplasm containing distinct azurophilic granules that varied in size and number. The most common cytochemical staining pattern included detection of alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, acid phosphatase, and beta-glucuronidase activities. On examination of histologic sections, granules stained weakly eosinophilic with Giemsa and moderately with periodic acid-Schiff reaction. Ultrastructurally, the granules appeared membrane bound and contained an electron-dense matrix in 4 cats.
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PMID:Lymphoma involving large granular lymphocytes in cats: 11 cases (1982-1991). 142 72

Oak poisoning occurred in crossbred cattle due to eating immature tender oak (Quercus incana) leaves. Mortality was 70%. The animals exhibited anorexia, severe constipation and brisket edema. The feces were hard, pelleted and coated with blood and mucous. Significant reductions in blood hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and significant elevations in serum bilirubin were observed. Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine were greatly increased. There was bilirubinuria, proteinuria, hypoproteinemia and hypocalcemia, and greatly increased activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. The levels of tannins and condensed tannins were 97.7 mg tannic acid equivalent and 5.8 mg catechin equivalent/g of dry leaves. There was extensive nephro- and hepatotoxicity in the affected cattle due to hydrolysable tannins and simple phenols in the oak leaves.
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PMID:Oak (Quercus incana) leaf poisoning in cattle. 150 80

The paper presents the results of a combined biochemical study of 111 patients suffering from recently diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis combined with chronic opisthorchiasis (main group) and 36 tuberculosis patients without infestation (control group). It was established that the mixed abnormality was significantly more often accompanied by hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia. The thymol and mercury-chloride sublimate tests produced positive results in 22.5 and 9.0% of the main group patients, respectively. Increased bilirubin content and alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities were registered in both groups of patients only during medical treatment. Thus, the fact of altered protein forming function of liver in patients with tuberculosis combined with chronic opisthorchiasis has been established, which may be due both to tuberculosis infection and the Opisthorchis invasion. Insignificant hepatic protein-forming dysfunctions are not contraindications for long-term tuberculosis therapy.
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PMID:[Biochemical indices of the blood in patients with tuberculosis combined with chronic opisthorchiasis]. 261 4

A 5-month-old Holstein heifer was hospitalized because of progressive abdominal distention and decreased growth rate. It had continued to eat and was alert until 5 days before hospitalization. High BUN and serum aspartate transaminase values, hypoproteinemia, and a stress leukogram were ascertained from clinicopathologic evaluation. Oral electrolyte therapy was begun, but the calf died. Necropsy revealed multiple nodules (0.5 to 6 cm diameter) attached to the peritoneum, throughout the abdominal cavity. The histopathologic diagnosis was mesothelioma.
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PMID:Mesothelioma in a calf. 361 Aug 1

Polyarthritis was induced in lambs via the i/v infection with 2 cm3 of 24-hour Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae broth culture, which led to distinctive morphologic and biochemical changes in the peripheral blood. The hemoglobin content, the erythrocyte count, and the hematocrit value dropped, while ESR rose with the development of the infection process. The white blood picture presented transient and slight drop of the leukocyte count followed by leukocytosis with shifting to the left, aneosinophilia, lympho- and monopenia in the acute stage, and well manifested eosinophilia in the chronic stage of the infection. The changes in the total protein and the protein fractions consisted in hypoproteinemia in the first days following infection, hypoalbuminemia during the entire period, and hyperproteinemia and hypergammaglobulinemia in the chronic stage. The changes in the blood electrolites consisted in the rise of Ca and K, the drop of Na, and transient changes in the level of P, tending toward a rise in the chronic stage. It was also established that the values of sialic acid were raised in the entire period of polyarthritis development, while those of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were higher in the first seven-day period only.
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PMID:[Morphological and biochemical changes in the blood of lambs with experimental Erysipelothrix polyarthritis]. 403 95

Infection of naive North American horses with 10(4) cell culture infectious doses (CCID50) of virulence variants of African horsesickness virus (AHSV), designated AHSV/4SP, AHSV/9PI, and AHSV/4PI, reproduced three classical forms of African horsesickness: acute (pulmonary), subacute (cardiac), and febrile, respectively. Distinct clinicopathologic and hemostatic abnormalities were associated with each form of disease. Hemostatic abnormalities included increased concentration of fibrin degradation products and prolongation of prothrombin, activated partial thromboplastin, and thrombin clotting times. Hemostatic findings indicated activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems with clotting factor consumption in acute and subacute cases of African horsesickness. Hematologic abnormalities in acute and subacute cases of African horsesickness included leukopenia, decreased platelet counts, elevated hematocrit, and increased erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin concentration. Leukopenia was characterized by lymphopenia, neutropenia, and a left shift. Increased levels of serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, hypocalcemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, and elevated creatinine, phosphorus, and total bilirubin levels were present in some but not all horses. Metabolic acidosis, indicated by decreased total bicarbonate and increased lactate and anion gap, was present in horses with the acute form of disease. Mild thrombocytopenia and leukopenia were occasionally associated with the febrile form of disease. These results suggest a role for intravascular coagulation in the pathogenesis of African horsesickness.
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PMID:Clinical pathology and hemostatic abnormalities in experimental African horsesickness. 777 Oct 50

Two sexually mature marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) showing clinical signs similar to those seen in wasting marmoset syndrome (weight loss, decreased muscle mass, and alopecia) were evaluated for clinical and anatomic pathologic changes. The most prominent clinical pathologic alterations included macrocytic normochromic anemia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels, and previously unreported changes of thrombocytosis. The principal gross and histopathologic finding was chronic colitis, which appeared to be the most important contributing factor to the development of wasting syndrome in these marmosets.
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PMID:Clinical pathologic changes in two marmosets with wasting syndrome. 899 97

In victims of severe combined trauma in early postoperative period there are disorders in the system of monooxygenase detoxication of hepatocytes--the duration of antipyrine semiexcretion period in the blood was 2.5 times longer than in healthy people. In 40% of injured parallelism in changes of values of the antipyrine test and general blood bilirubin are detected; in 18% of cases hyperbilirubinemia is revealed in antipyrine clearence being normal, and in 42% a sharp decrease of antipyrine clearence at the background of normal bilirubin content is detected. Hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminuria, and activation of ALT and AST was revealed, which evidenced of the reaction of urgent adaptation. Under conditions of development of the postoperative stress-reaction the examination of monooxygenaze system of hepatocytes' detoxication is the most specific test of revealing early hepatic insufficiency. A sharp decrease or increase of antipyrine clearence is a sign of irreversibility of hepatic insufficiency.
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PMID:[Antipyrine test in evaluation of patient's hepatic failure in early postoperative period]. 951 Dec 97

Large-scale clinical trials have shown that the oral adsorbent AST-120 improves renal function and delays the initiation of dialysis in chronic renal failure (CRF) secondary to chronic glomerulonephritis. If renal failure progresses via common mechanisms, then the same effects can be expected in diabetic nephropathy. However, no study on diabetic nephropathy has been reported. Thus, we enrolled patients with statistically significant progression of CRF secondary to diabetic nephropathy, and analyzed the changes in renal function after AST-120 therapy, and the clinical factors associated with response to therapy. We enrolled 276 patients with diabetic nephropathy, whose serum creatinine (Scr) had increased from 3.4 to 4.5 mg/dL during the 4.5 +/- 3.7 months prior to the study. These patients took AST-120 at a dose of 5.0 +/- 1.4 g/day for 6 months. The clinical data were analyzed by dividing the patients into three groups based on the changes in Scr after AST-120 therapy, with responders showing a decrease (N = 82), partial responders showing <1.5-fold increase (N = 144), and non-responders showing >/=1.5-fold increase (N = 50). AST-120 significantly lowered the slope of 1/Scr-time line, suggesting that AST-120 suppressed the progression of renal impairment. No responders required dialysis, whereas 24.3% of the partial responders and 36.0% of the non-responders started dialysis therapy. In responders, the 1/Scr-time slope showed a negative-to-positive shift and serum urea nitrogen decreased significantly, whereas the improvement was moderate in partial responders and minimal in non-responders. Among responders, AST-120 therapy significantly improved renal function despite the presence of hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, anemia or hypertension in many patients. The beneficial effect of AST-120 was significantly more marked in patients with blood pressure controlled within the normal ranges and hematocrit maintained at 30% or above. AST-120 reversed renal dysfunction or delayed the initiation of dialysis therapy in patients with progressive aggravation of CRF secondary to diabetic nephropathy, independent of hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, anemia and hypertension. Active use of AST-120 may be recommended in patients with good control of blood pressure and hematocrit above 30%.
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PMID:Protective effect of an oral adsorbent on renal function in chronic renal failure: determinants of its efficacy in diabetic nephropathy. 1515 77

Substantial fluid shifts occur during liposuction as wetting solution is infiltrated subcutaneously and fat is evacuated, causing potential electrolyte imbalances. In the porcine model for large-volume liposuction, plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase levels were elevated following liposuction. These results raised concerns for possible mechanical injury and/or lidocaine-induced hepatocellular toxicity in a clinical setting. The first objective of this human model study was to explore the effect of the liposuction procedure on electrolyte balance. The second objective was to determine whether elevated plasma aminotransferase levels were observed subsequent to large-volume liposuction. Five female volunteers underwent three-stage, ultrasound-assisted liposuction. Blood samples were collected perioperatively. Plasma levels of sodium, potassium, venous carbon dioxide, blood urea nitrogen, chloride, and creatinine were determined. Liver function analyte levels were measured, including albumin, total protein, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and total bilirubin. To further define intracellular enzyme release, creatine kinase levels were measured. Mild hyponatremia was evident postoperatively (134 to 136 mmol/liter) in four patients. Hypokalemia was evident intraoperatively in all subjects (mean +/- SEM; 3.3 +/- 0.16 mmol/liter; range, 3.0 to 3.4 mmol/liter). Hypoalbuminemia and hypoproteinemia were observed throughout the study (baseline: 2.9 +/- 0.2 g/dl; range, 2.6 to 3.5 g/dl), decreasing to 10 to 40 percent 24 hours postoperatively (2.0 +/- 0.2 g/dl; range, 1.7 to 2.1 g/dl). Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, and creatine kinase levels were significantly elevated after the procedure (190 +/- 47.1 U/liter, 50 +/- 7.7 U/liter, and 11,219 +/- 2556.7 U/liter, respectively) (p < 0.01). Release of antidiuretic hormone and even mildly hypotonic intravenous fluid infiltration have long been known to cause hyponatremia postoperatively. Intraoperative hypokalemia is associated with hypocarbia and respiratory alkalosis and the elevated epinephrine levels observed in the concurrent study. Factors having the greatest initial impact on diminished serum albumin and protein levels postoperatively are redistribution and hemodilution. Subsequent diminished viscosity may significantly affect postoperative hemodynamics. Elevated aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, and creatine kinase levels are associated with skeletal muscle injury, adipocyte lysis, and/or hepatic damage. Therefore, tissue injury is associated with large-volume liposuction as observed in several cellularly released enzymes. Future clinical studies are required to determine the degree of injury and specific tissues that are damaged or sensitive to mechanical trauma and/or drugs used in large-volume liposuction.
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PMID:Electrolyte and plasma enzyme analyses during large-volume liposuction. 1531 60


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