Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020639 (hypoproteinemia)
 1,134 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Previous studies have confirmed the improved tolerance of a peptide enteral compared to standard enteral alimentation in hypoalbuminemic, critically ill patients. Animal studies, including hypoproteinemic, volume-expanded rats, demonstrated that the protein hydrolysate of a peptide enteral formula was responsible for the enhanced absorption. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the composition of small MW peptides (protein hydrolysate) in two commercially available peptide enteral formulas would affect the rate of intestinal absorption and albumin clearance in intact jejunal loops before and during hypoproteinemia induced by iv infusion of Tyrode's solution in Sprague-Dawley rats. Net transmucosal water movement was calculated using a volume recovery method; albumin clearance was calculated using iv radiolabeled albumin. We studied three groups of animals during luminal perfusion with either Tyrode's solution, diet A containing 21% peptides, or diet B containing 56% peptides. When compared to luminal perfusion with Tyrode's solution (control animals), both diets significantly enhanced net transmucosal water absorption before volume expansion (p less than .05). With the induction of hypoproteinemia, diet B continued to stimulate water absorption when compared to control animals (p less than .01). Luminal perfusion with diet A failed to attenuate net water secretion induced by hypoproteinemia. Capillary and mucosal albumin clearance was similar for all groups studied. These findings suggest the percentage of small MW peptides may affect the rate of intestinal absorption in patients with acute kwashiorkor-like hypoalbuminemia.
 ...
PMID:Intestinal absorption of peptide enteral formulas in hypoproteinemic (volume expanded) rats: a paired analysis. 250 Mar

We examined the influence of a peptide-based enteral formula and a standard (intact protein) enteral formula on intestinal transcapillary and transmucosal water and protein fluxes during hypoproteinemia induced by plasma volume expansion. In 15 Sprague-Dawley rats, net transmucosal water flux and net transmucosal and capillary albumin clearances were monitored in jejunal loops before and during intravenous infusion (2.5 ml/min/kg) of Tyrodes solution. This procedure resulted in a 60% reduction in plasma protein concentration and net water secretion into the bowel lumen. Luminal perfusion with the peptide-based formula did not modify the magnitude of the reduction in plasma protein concentration, yet dramatically reduced transmucosal and transcapillary albumin clearances (p less than 0.05). In addition, a net absorptive water flux was maintained with the peptide-based formula during volume expansion despite hypoproteinemia. The response to luminal perfusion with the intact protein formula were not different from controls. The results of this study are consistent with previous observations that enteral feeding with a peptide-based formula significantly attenuates the diarrhea associated with acute hypoalbuminemia in the critically ill patient.
 ...
PMID:Intestinal absorption of elemental and standard enteral formulas in hypoproteinemic (volume expanded) rats. 313 61