Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020639 (hypoproteinemia)
 1,134 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The benefits of parenteral feeding need no longer be emphasised. However, qualitative and quantitative food supplements raise a certain number of difficulties which should be better known. Infection is the most frequent complication. It may be avoided by strict aseptic precautions throughout parenteral feeding. Hypoglycemia is a major risk owing to the possible consequence. Hyperglycemia and its consequence of osmotic polyuria is more frequent and should be controlled to avoid loss of water and salt. Complications due to the use of lipid emulsions are exceptional when soya oil is used. Hypophosphoremia should be corrected by increasing phosphate intake. Hypocalcemia is common; it is often associated with hypoproteinemia and sometime a low calcium intake, vitamin D deficiency or a sudden increase in phosphate intake. Vitamin deficiencies, hypomagnesemia, and oligo-element deficiencies should be correcty by appropriate supplements.
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PMID:[Parenteral feeding. Prevention of complications in adults during exclusive mid-term parenteral feeding]. 19 99

The effects were investigated of a 25-minute inhalation of halothane with oxygen on three to four months old pigs of the Large White breed. Symptoms of malignant hyperthermia did not occur. The actual total anesthesia, which causes slight hypoproteinemia, hypoglycemia and hypocholesterolemia without significant changes in the content of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and urea, induced only a slight increase of circulating 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OHCS). The combination of anesthesia with castration of gilts or barrows significantly increased the concentration of 11-OHCS but did not reach the level recorded after the application of ACTH. The higher levels of 11-OHCS were accompanied by higher concentrations of NEFA and glucose. The treatment of the animals lasting half an hour prior to inhalation of halothane at maximum doses or one hour in the control unanesthetized pigs produced an effect, mainly on the 11-OHCS concentration and on the activity of creatine kinase in the plasma. The results indicate that the adrenocortical response to the effect of halothane is not stronger than the response to simple handling connected with excitement and muscular activity of the animals. Therefore there is no reason of considering halothane anesthesia as a factor causing great stress and pigs which in its course do not respond with malignant hyperthermia as animals insensitive to stress. The aptness of denotation of clinical manifestations of genetically defective muscles in pigs is discussed.
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PMID:[The effect of halothane anesthesia on the function of the adrenal cortex and some metabolites in the blood plasma of pigs not susceptible to malignant hyperthermia]. 22 19

The authors presented their own material of years 1974-1977. During this period 8788 children were born, in it 737 (8,3%) with low birth weight (below 2500 g). Retrolental fibroplasia was diagnosed in 4 children, it was 0,5% of newborns with low birth weight, and 0,04% of the all live-borns. The retrolental fibroplasia was diagnosed in: 1) the child born in 27 week of pregnancy with 1000 g of body weight, 2) in two children born in 32-33 week of pregnancy with 1450 g and 1350 g of body weight, 3) in a child born in 31 week of pregnancy with 1600 g of body weight. The infants were nursed in incubators with about 30% of oxygen during 36 to 46 days. Contemporary hypoglycemia, hypoproteinemia, atelectasia of lungs with respiratory insufficiency were diagnosed. In the discussion the authors underlined the role of immaturity and hypoxia of the premature baby, which play the role in the secondary injury of vessel's walls of retina. The disturbancy of carbohydrate and protein metabolism were certainly secondary pathogenic agent sin retrolental fibroplasia. There exists the necessity of oxygen therapy of premature baby, but to take cre of the infant in the incubator does not mean the necessity of oxygen therapy . Even with controlled oxygen dosage in incubator the retrolental fibroplasia may occur as a result of relative hyperoxydation induced by the constriction of retina vessels. The authors underlined the necessity of repeated ophthalmologic examination of premature babies in about every 2 weeks, what makes very early diagnosis possible.
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PMID:[Risk of damage to the organ of vision in low birth weight infants]. 26 40

The postoperative problems and management of 8 patients following right hepatic lobectomy for blunt liver injury are discussed. Multiple injury and in particular chest injury are of importance. Respiratory distress may be insidious in onset and must be anticipated. Most patients require at least temporary positive pressure ventilation. Liver regeneration is rapid and histological evidence of regenerative hyperplasia is present within 3 days of injury. Hypoglycaemia of a degree sufficient to threaten life may occur postoperatively, particularly in the first 48 hours. Jaundice may be a worrying postoperative feature, but the use of T-tube drainage after hepatic lobectomy will enable any possible extrahepatic obstruction to be excluded. Hypoproteinaemia and hypo-albuminaemia occur in the immediate postoperative period, and recovery rapidly follows the peak period of regenerative activity of the liver. Normal levels are regained by the fourth to sixth postoperative weeks. Prophylactic antibiotics have no place in the postoperative management of blunt liver injury. Haemorrhagic diathesis is common after hepatic resection and is of a complex nature. Intravascular coagulation may occur and factor V deficiency is common. The mainstay of treatment is transfusion of fresh blood.
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PMID:Postoperative problems and management after hepatic resection for blunt injury to the liver. 112 57

Failure to thrive may not be a result of organ disease, physical abuse, or intentional neglect. We describe an infant who developed kwashiorkor with a high-fat, low-protein, nondairy coffee creamer diet. The elimination diet was administered on the advice of a family friend for a facial rash. The child presented at 10 months of age with decreased weight for height, rash, hepatomegaly, edema, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, anemia, hypoglycemia, and evidence of hepatic sequestration of lipids. A rapid recovery of biochemical abnormalities was evident on reinstitution of a full diet. An intellectual assessment at age 5 years showed normal results.
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PMID:Nondairy-creamer-induced kwashiorkor: 5-year follow-up. 186 86

In this problem-oriented review of abnormalities associated with cancer, we have emphasized distinctive diagnostic points related to pathogenesis for each condition and outlined how the approach to management is determined by pathogenesis. For abnormalities of the complete blood count, it is important to distinguish between abnormalities directly related to marrow malignancy and abnormalities associated with extramarrow malignancy. Hemopoietic tumors consist of developmentally deficient blood cells produced by a clonal population of malignant stem cells. Tumors infiltrating marrow cause overcrowding in the limited marrow microenviroment. Extramarrow malignancies cause blood abnormalities, but the potential for normal marrow function is present. Abnormalities of blood cells secondary to therapy are usually clearly identified by consideration of clinical history. The initial differential diagnosis for hypercalcemia is malignancy. An aggressive diagnostic approach may be needed to identify the neoplasm, and therapy should incorporate measures to prevent renal failure. Hypoproteinemia and hyperproteinemia may be caused by neoplasia. Monoclonal gammopathies should be identified and may be associated with hyperviscosity syndrome. Hypoglycemia in the adult animal is most frequently caused by insulin-secreting tumors, but it has also been associated with hepatic and other tumors. Increased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, lipase, amylase, and liver enzyme activities may also be caused by malignancy. Inadequate urine concentrating ability may be caused by hypercalcemia or malignancy-associated renal insufficiency. Hematuria in older animals is suggestive of urinary tract neoplasia. Exfoliated tumor cells may be identified in the urine sediment of these patients.
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PMID:Laboratory abnormalities in patients with cancer. 219 37

The total number of admissions and deaths of patients with shigellosis were ascertained at the Dhaka Treatment Centre of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, 1974-1988, and the characteristics of 67 patients who died were compared with those of 134 discharged alive. Of 9780 Shigella-infected inpatients, 889 (9.1%) died; 32.3% of deaths occurred in children less than 1 year of age. Fatality rates were highest (10.3%) in Shigella sonnei-infected patients and lowest (6.7%) in Shigella dysenteriae type 1-infected patients. Age less than 1 year, lack of breast feeding in patients 1-2 years of age, hypothermia, severe malnutrition, severe dehydration, altered consciousness, abdominal distension, thrombocytopenia, hypoproteinemia, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, renal failure, and bacteremia were all significantly more common in case patients. In a multivariate analysis, younger age, decreased serum protein, altered consciousness, and thrombocytopenia were predictive of death. Thus in Bangladesh the fatality rate for hospitalized patients infected with any species of Shigella remains high despite relatively intensive inpatient care, and young, hypoproteinemic patients are at greatest risk of fatal illness.
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PMID:Death in shigellosis: incidence and risk factors in hospitalized patients. 231 28

A 7-year-old spayed female Cocker Spaniel was hospitalized with a history of chronic vomiting, anorexia, and weight loss. Laboratory abnormalities included leukocytosis, metabolic alkalosis, hypoglycemia, hypoproteinemia, and hyperinsulinemia. Gastroscopy and ultrasonography revealed multiple gastric masses and a possible pancreatic mass, respectively. Examination of tissues obtained at necropsy showed a pancreatic adenocarcinoma with hepatic metastasis, gastric hypertrophy, and multiple duodenal ulcers. Immunocytochemical staining of the neoplasia was positive for pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and insulin and negative for gastrin, calcitonin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), serotonin, L-enkephalin, chromagranin, glucagon, and somatostatin. Subsequent serum gastrin and PP assays showed a fasting hypergastrinemia with a normal response of gastrin to provocative testing and extremely increased PP values. The high PP values may have resulted in the vomiting and gastrointestinal ulceration. A PP-secreting tumor has not previously been reported in the dog.
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PMID:Pancreatic polypeptide and insulin-secreting tumor in a dog with duodenal ulcers and hypertrophic gastritis. 267 25

This report describes a new disorder resembling hereditary tyrosinemia (HT) but differing from it in several respects. Similarities include failure to thrive with hypoproteinemia, micronodular cirrhosis, alpha-fetoprotein positive hepatocellular carcinoma, renal Fanconi syndrome with renal tubular ectasia, hypermethioninemia, and hypoglycemia associated with islet cell hyperplasia. However, the tyrosine metabolic pathway was intact. Unique findings include optic atrophy, cerebellar degeneration, and exocrine pancreatic hypoplasia. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status was evaluated in the serum and liver. Initial PUFA profile to serum phospholipids revealed grossly elevated linoleic acid and subnormal linolenic acid. All PUFAs derived from these precursors were absent suggesting gross abnormalities in the utilization of these two essential fatty acids for synthesis of longer chain highly unsaturated structural PUFA. Analysis of liver phospholipids indicated that linoleic acid was lower and w3 and monenoic acids were higher than in the liver specimens from two cases of HT. The gross abnormalities in PUFA pattern, although perhaps secondary to another cause, represent serious structural and functional abnormalities of essential membrane lipids and potentially of eicosanoids derived from them.
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PMID:A new hepato-pancreato-renal disorder resembling tyrosinemia involving neuropathy and abnormal metabolism of polyunsaturated acids. 283 82

A 46-year-old man had a 7-year history of severe rash, which was then diagnosed as necrolytic migratory erythema. He had a weight loss of 6 kg, abnormal glucose tolerance test findings, anemia, glossitis, hair loss, and hypoproteinemia. Plasma amino acids levels were significantly decreased, and the fasting plasma glucagon (IRG) level was high at 5000 to 8000 pg/ml. Circulating IRG significantly increased after oral glucose loading, meal ingestion, and arginine infusion, and decreased with somatostatin infusion and insulin-induced hypoglycemia. No other gut or pancreatic hormone levels in plasma were elevated. Plasma IRG was eluted by gel-filtration, mainly in the position of true glucagon (MW 3500) by antiserum 30K. The rash was markedly improved after infusion of amino acids. Computerized tomography (CT) scan and celiac angiography revealed a large pancreatic tumor with multiple liver and lymph node metastases. The pancreatic tumor was totally resected, and was identified as glucagonoma by immunohistochemical technique. Since the plasma IRG levels remained high after surgery, the patient received dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide therapy. After several courses of this treatment, plasma IRG levels decreased to 1000 to 2000 pg/ml, and the hepatic metastases were remarkably diminished in size.
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PMID:A functional study of a case of glucagonoma exhibiting typical glucagonoma syndrome. 286 23


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