Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020639 (hypoproteinemia)
 1,134 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Review of the 55 reported cases of glucagon-producing tumors reveals that a distinctive clinical syndrome consisting of diabetes, a peculiar dermatitis termed necrolytic migratory erythema, weight loss and an increased tendency for thrombosis is associated with these neoplasms. Normochromic normocytic anemia, hypocholesterolemia, hypoproteinemia and generalized hypoaminoacidemia are frequent laboratory findings. Definitive diagnosis of a glucagonoma requires elevation of the fasting serum glucagon level. Selective arteriography of the pancreas has been the best method for localizing these neoplasms preoperatively, but the noninvasive technics of ultrasound and CAT scanning can also be helpful. When the tumor is benign, complete surgical excision can completely reverse all the clinical manifestations of the glucagonoma syndrome and result in lasting cure. Since, however, approximately three-fourths of these tumors are malignant, palliative therapy is frequently required. Cytoreductive surgery can decrease the amount of hormone-producing tissue and can improve or even temporarily reverse the clinical symptomatology. For disseminated disease, chemotherapy is necessary. The best results have been obtained with DTIC although streptozotocin has also been used.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of glucagon-producing islet cell tumors. 627 69

A 6% incidence of nephrotic syndrome was noted in a colony of 400 Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) over a period of 2 years. Clinical findings consisted of severe ascites and anasarca, anorexia, cachexia, and papular dermatitis. Serum and urine chemical analysis revealed proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia in all animals tested; hypoproteinemia and high concentrations of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine were detected in some of the affected hamsters. Demodex aurati was detected in skin scrapings from 4 of 8 hamsters. Necropsy findings included subcutaneous edema, ascites, and hydrothorax, as well as atrophic kidneys and testes. Extensive deposits of type AA amyloid were detected histologically in kidney, liver, spleen, and adrenal gland; smaller deposits were found in thyroid gland and intestine. Other histologic findings included periodontitis and hyalinization of the small arteries of the testes.
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PMID:Nephrotic syndrome associated with renal amyloidosis in a colony of Syrian hamsters. 651 83

As a complication of atopic dermatitis (AD), the incidence of hypoproteinemia is increasing among infants with severe AD in Japan. It can be a life-threatening condition owing to hypovolemic shock as a result of hypoproteinemia and vascular infarction as a result of thrombocythemia. However, the pathophysiology of this condition remains unclear. The objectives of the present study were two-fold. The first objective was to determine the main route of protein loss, i.e. through the damaged skin or the gastrointestinal tract, or as a result of insufficient food intake. The second objective was to identify whether allergy or infection was the cause of severe skin inflammation. Fifteen patients with AD were enrolled who had serum protein levels of 3.2-5.8 g/dl. Specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and skin test to allergens, stool eosinophils, alpha1-antitrypsin clearance, skin Staphylococcus aureus colonization and superantigens (SAgs) produced by the organism, serum SAg-specific IgE antibodies, serum interleukin (IL)-5, IL-6, IL-12, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were evaluated. Prominent serous skin discharge was seen in all of the patients and was found to have almost the same protein concentration as serum. Marked thrombocytosis, with a maximum of 1,060 x 103/ml, was seen. Skin culture revealed S. aureus colonization in all patients. SAg-producing S. aureus were found in 84.6% of the patients. The concentration of serum IL-5 was significantly increased and correlated well with the blood eosinophil count. Hence, the main route of protein loss was believed to be through damaged skin. The cause of severe inflammation was thought to be a combination of allergic inflammation and skin colonization by SAg-producing S. aureus. Serum cytokines showed a T helper 2 (Th2) T-cell-mediated pattern. To prevent hypovolemic shock, vascular occlusion, and growth retardation, it is of vital importance to diagnose hypoproteinemia at an early stage and start appropriate therapy.
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PMID:Hypoproteinemia in severe childhood atopic dermatitis: a serious complication. 1239 Apr 45

A 4-year-old Paint mare was examined because of respiratory tract infection, dermatitis, and weight loss of 2 months' duration. Initial examination revealed generalized pruritic dermatitis, ocular and nasal discharges, and stranguria. Laboratory abnormalities included leukopenia and hypoalbuminemia. Further examination of the respiratory tract revealed grade III of IV pharyngitis and pyogranulomatous pneumonia. Endoscopic examination of the bladder revealed a prolific mass at the junction of the bladder and urethra. Hypoproteinemia was suspected to be caused by protein-losing enteropathy. On histologic examination, skin, rectal, pharyngeal, and urethral biopsy specimens were characterized by infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes, and a diagnosis of multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease was made. The horse improved following treatment with dexamethasone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and an antihistamine and was discharged after 19 days of hospitalization. Treatment with dexamethasone was continued for 4 weeks after hospitalization but was then discontinued. Eight months after discharge, the horse was performing as a pleasure horse and did not require any medical treatment. Multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease is typically associated with a poor prognosis in horses. The dermatitis, protein-losing enteropathy, and lower respiratory tract disease in this horse were consistent with previous reports; however, pharyngitis and urethritis have not, to our knowledge, been previously reported in horses with this disease.
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PMID:Dexamethasone for treatment of multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease in a horse. 1462 Dec 21

We describe a female infant with an acrodermatitis enteropathica-like eruption as the presenting sign of rapidly fatal cystic fibrosis. The patient had growth retardation, developed an erythematous eruption unresponsive to oral zinc, and finally a generalized erosive dermatitis with associated edema, anemia and hypoproteinemia.
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PMID:Acrodermatitis enteropathica-like eruption and failure to thrive as presenting signs of cystic fibrosis. 1879 43

Although atopic dermatitis (AD) itself is regarded as a non-life threatening disease, childhood AD may be rarely accompanied by some serious complications. Six infantile AD patients who were hospitalized because of severe systemic complications, in addition to severe dermatitis on almost the entire body surface, are described. They were complicated by hypoproteinemia, hypovolemia, thrombocytosis, reduced serum immunoglobulin G, elevated serum liver enzymes and growth retardation. They had not been treated with topical corticosteroid before hospitalization. They were treated with topical corticosteroid and their eruption remarkably improved within 20 days (median) of hospitalization. Most of the abnormal clinical data including platelet numbers, serum levels of total protein, and liver enzymes had become normal at the day of discharge. After 30 +/- 4 months of follow up, their skin condition was fair with daily application of moisturizer and occasional use of topical corticosteroid, without any systemic problems. Although severe infantile AD may be accompanied by potentially life-threatening systemic complications, their prognoses concerning AD are favorable if they are treated adequately from the beginning of their infancy.
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PMID:Features and prognoses of infantile patients with atopic dermatitis hospitalized for severe complications. 1716 84

A 9-year-old female, presented with recurrent bilaterally symmetrically distributed flesh colored vegetative plaques, papules and nodules on trunk and upper and lower extremities since 15 days. Investigations revealed anemia, hypoproteinemia, decreased albumin and positive D-xylose test. Pus swab and biopsy for culture sensitivity showed Enterococci species. Biopsy showed spongiotic psoriasiform dermatitis with subcorneal pustule. She fulfilled criteria for the diagnosis of blastomycosis-like pyoderma viz. presentation of large verrucous plaques with pustules and elevated border, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia with abscess histologically and growth of one pathogenic bacterium on culture or tissue biopsy. She responded to long-term amoxicillin-clavulanic acid therapy.
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PMID:Blastomycosis-like pyoderma. 1745 21

Pellagra usually results from niacin deficiency and presents with the classic triad of dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. It is most commonly associated with malnutrition and poverty. We report a case of pellagra in a hemodialysis (HD) patient with breast neoplasia, aged 68-years, female, on HD unit for seven years. Her original nephropathy was indeterminate. The patient was followed up for homozygous beta-thalassemia and breast neoplasia with hepatic metastases on chemotherapy. The body mass index of the patient was 18.5 kg/m2. Physical examination showed a thickening of the epidermis with a scaly surface, pigmented, and atrophied areas. We noted neuropsychiatric signs (apathy, irritability, anorexia, and depression) and digestive symptomatology (diarrhea). The laboratory tests revealed hypoproteinemia at 55 g/L, hypoalbuminemia at 21 g/L, and hypocholesterolemia at 0.8 g/L. The diagnosis of pellagra disease was made. Vitamin and protein supplementation was initiated, but the patient committed suicide by puncture of her arteriovenous fistula, causing hemorrhagic shock. Pellagra is usually reported to be associated with malnutrition, chronic alcoholism, and some chemotherapeutic agents. In our patient, pellagra was caused by malnutrition and co-morbidities. Pellagra disease requires multidisciplinary care and can be frequently seen in HD patients due to the associated malnutrition.
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PMID:Pellagra Disease in a Hemodialysis Patient. 3280 Dec 52