Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020639 (hypoproteinemia)
 1,134 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Failure to thrive may not be a result of organ disease, physical abuse, or intentional neglect. We describe an infant who developed kwashiorkor with a high-fat, low-protein, nondairy coffee creamer diet. The elimination diet was administered on the advice of a family friend for a facial rash. The child presented at 10 months of age with decreased weight for height, rash, hepatomegaly, edema, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, anemia, hypoglycemia, and evidence of hepatic sequestration of lipids. A rapid recovery of biochemical abnormalities was evident on reinstitution of a full diet. An intellectual assessment at age 5 years showed normal results.
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PMID:Nondairy-creamer-induced kwashiorkor: 5-year follow-up. 186 86

A 21-day-old infant presented with anemia, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, hypoproteinemia, and a severe coagulopathy. The hospital course was marked by progressive hepatic failure, encephalopathy, and renal insufficiency. The infant died on day 15 of hospitalization. Postmortem examination showed diffuse hepatic fibrosis and marked siderosis of the liver, pancreas, kidney, adrenal glands, and the duodenal epithelium, with sparing of the reticuloendothelial system. These findings were characteristic of idiopathic neonatal iron-storage disease. Previously reported cases are summarized and discussed. An increased awareness and understanding of this rapidly fatal disorder will be important for genetic counseling and possibly in defining an aberrant mechanism in the handling of iron.
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PMID:Idiopathic neonatal iron-storage disease. 156

The dose dependency of germanium dioxide(GeO2)-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated experimentally in rat groups orally treated with high (150 mg/kg/day), moderate (75 mg/kg/day), or low (37.5 mg/kg/day) doses of GeO2, and in an untreated group. Renal dysfunction, indicated by the increase of blood urea nitrogen and the decrease of creatinine clearance, and systemic toxicity by weight loss, anemia, and hypoproteinemia were more apparent in rats treated with higher dose of GeO2. Urinalysis including daily urinary protein excretion did not reveal any abnormalities in any of the groups. Urinary excretion and renal-tissue content of Ge were significantly elevated in the group of the higher dose of GeO2. Light microscopically, vacuolar degeneration and depositions of granules positive for periodic acid-Schiff in distal tubules were predominant in the higher-dose group of GeO2. The present study demonstrates that GeO2-induced nephrotoxicity develops dose dependently.
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PMID:Dose dependency of germanium-dioxide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. 201 77

In a 6.5 year period starting January 1982, 121 patients (74 male, 47 female; 1.6:1) with complicated gastroesophageal reflux referred to Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, required a Nissen fundoplication at a mean age of 35.5 months (range 3 weeks to 18 years). The median age of onset of symptoms was less than 1 month. Symptoms and indications for surgery included regurgitation (88%), failure to thrive (52%), reflux-associated pulmonary symptoms and aspiration (48%), biopsy evidence of esophagitis (35%) with heartburn (17%), dysphagia (18%), hematemesis (17%), anemia (13%), and hypoproteinemia (22%). Sixty-four percent of the patients had a syndrome or chromosomal abnormality, respiratory disease, or neuromuscular disorder. The barium contrast upper-gastrointestinal radiographic series, performed in all patients, identified structural [gastric outlet obstruction (2%), esophageal stricture (11%), erosive esophagitis (9%)], and functional abnormalities [gastroesophageal reflux (90%), barium aspiration (8%), esophageal hypoperistalsis (30%), delayed gastric emptying (4%)]. Barium contrast upper gastrointestinal radiographic series identified gastroesophageal reflux with a sensitivity of 90% (compared to history), was 50% sensitive and 92% specific for erosive esophagitis (compared to biopsy), was 59% sensitive and 74% specific for esophageal dysmotility (compared to esophageal manometry), and there was a significant (p less than 0.01) association between barium aspiration and prior evidence of aspiration pneumonitis. Esophageal manometry demonstrated a significantly (p less than 0.001) lower esophageal sphincter pressure in patients compared with controls, but no significant correlation with failure to thrive, aspiration pneumonia, biopsy evidence of esophagitis, or parameters of the 24-hour esophageal pH study. Twenty-four hour pH monitoring showed significantly (p less than 0.05) more reflux episodes than in asymptomatic controls and there was significant (p less than 0.05) correlation between the percentage of time pH was less than 4 and the presence of hypoalbuminemia, and biopsy-proven erosive esophagitis or Barrett's esophagus. Endoscopic appearance was 91% sensitive and 60% specific for esophagitis when compared to biopsy. Nissen fundoplication was completely effective at resolving gastroesophageal reflux in 83%, and associated with marked improvement in 15%. No patient died as a result of fundoplication. Major complications included: recurrence of symptoms requiring reoperation (2%), subsequent mechanical bowel obstruction (8%), wound infection or pneumonia (12%).
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PMID:Investigation and outcome of 121 infants and children requiring Nissen fundoplication for the management of gastroesophageal reflux. 227 17

The hematologic, biochemical, and light and scanning electron microscopic features of eperythrozoonosis in four llamas are described. One female and three male yearling llamas were presented for evaluation of chronic weight loss. Three of four llamas had historical evidence of chronic inflammatory conditions. On examination, multiple clinical problems were apparent, including poorly to non-regenerative anemia, inflammatory disease, and hypoproteinemia. Coccoid- and ring-shaped basophilic organisms were present on the erythrocytes of all the llamas. On scanning electron microscopy, individual, pairs, and clusters of coccoid-shaped organisms were present on the erythrocytes. The organisms measured 0.4 to 0.6 micron in diameter and caused no marked deformation of the erythrocyte membrane. A rare organism could be found that produced a slight indentation into the erythrocyte membrane. The light and scanning electron microscopic morphologic features suggested that the organism was an Eperythrozoon. Serial evaluation of serum iron concentrations of the llamas showed a decrease serum iron in all animals, with a concurrent decrease in the total iron binding capacity and percent transferrin saturation in two of the llamas. Common abnormalities seen on serum electrophoresis included a decrease in albumin and beta serum fraction in all llamas and a decrease in the gamma globulin fraction of two individuals.
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PMID:The clinicopathologic, light, and scanning electron microscopic features of eperythrozoonosis in four naturally infected llamas. 227 30

A debilitated 7 kg juvenile green turtle (Chelonia mydas mydas) with multiple ulcerated and infected cutaneous fibropapillomas was clinically evaluated and found to have a nonregenerative anemia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia and several electrolyte abnormalities. Surgery was performed to remove the larger tumors. The turtle did not eat postsurgically, and an attempt was made to place a pharyngostomy tube utilizing endoscopy. Edematous esophageal papillae, the angulation of the gastroesophageal junction, and a S-shaped configuration of the esophagous prevented successful placement of the tube. The animal was found dead the next day and necropsied. Multiple large white firm nodules were seen bulging from both kidneys. Microscopic examination of the nodules resulted in a diagnosis of renal myxofibroma.
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PMID:Cutaneous fibropapillomas and renal myxofibroma in a green turtle, Chelonia mydas. 233 30

Bilateral renal dysplasia and nephron hypoplasia was diagnosed in a Quarter Horse foal with clinical signs of lethargy, convulsions, and diarrhea. Laboratory evaluation revealed anemia, hypoproteinemia, leukopenia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and hyposmolality. The foal also had high concentrations of serum creatinine, BUN, and phosphorus. Evaluation of urinary indices revealed a high ratio of urinary gamma-glutamyl-transferase activity to concentration of creatinine, as well as a high fractional clearance ratio of sodium and potassium. Intravenous treatment with saline solution (0.9% NaCl) and antimicrobials provided only temporary resolution of some of the abnormalities. Diagnosis was partly established by histologic evaluation of renal tissue obtained via an ultrasonographically guided biopsy and was confirmed at necropsy. Pathologic changes in the kidney were unique in that the size of the kidneys, along with the appearance and number of glomeruli, were essentially normal despite marked hypoplasia of nephron tubules in the medulla.
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PMID:Bilateral renal dysplasia with nephron hypoplasia in a foal. 236 27

This case demonstrates the devastating physical sequelae of 30 years of untreated anorexia nervosa. A full array of these consequences occur in this one patient and include the following: malnutrition and hypoproteinemia, electrolyte disturbances, cortical atrophy with hydrocephalus ex vacuo, tricuspid and mitral valvular dysfunction, anemia, impaired lower gastrointestinal motility, delayed gastric emptying, disturbances in the hypothalamic pituitary target organ axes, severe osteoporosis, marked edema, and extreme muscle wasting. Other possible physical sequelae of her anorexia nervosa are discussed. Psychiatrists, as well as other physicians, should be vigilant in diagnosing this illness and treating it as early as possible. This particular patient was in the medical system for numerous admissions and workups over three decades before the correct diagnosis of anorexia nervosa was made.
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PMID:Untreated anorexia nervosa. A case study of the medical consequences. 237 27

We report a case of malignant histiocytosis diagnosed by liver-spleen biopsy under laparoscopy. A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with thrombocytopenia, moderate anemia and hypoproteinemia. Her bone marrow findings revealed erythroid and megakaryocyte hyperplasia, and the serum ferritin concentration was 2,250 ng/ml though she had not received any blood transfusions. Ferrokinetics analysis showed the pattern of ineffective erythropoiesis, and the half-lives of erythrocytes and platelets were both shortened. Her hepatosplenomegaly gradually increased accompanied by increasing serum ferritin level to 10,000 ng/ml. Liver-spleen biopsy was carried out under laparoscopy and revealed infiltration of atypical histiocytes with erythrophagocytosis, which were positive for S-100 and ferritin but negative for lysozyme. The rate of glycosylation in whole serum ferritin, analyzed by using concanavalin-A binding method, showed that her glycosylated ferritin content was only 8.3%, whereas in sera after iron overloading, it was about 70%. Serum isoferritin profiles by isoelectric focussing were studied, and isoferritin pattern from malignant histiocytosis was the same as that in iron overloading after neuraminidase treatment. These findings suggest that serum ferritin is synthesized in proliferating histiocytes and released in the plasma as a nonsecretory type (nonglycosylated ferritin) in this case.
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PMID:[Mechanism of hyperferritinemia in a case of malignant histiocytosis]. 238 9

The outcome of postsurgical pyuria in benign prostatic hypertrophy was studied in 87 patients, and the factors that might affect the outcome were determined. No significant differences were found between operation method and duration until normalization of pyuria, which was 75.5 +/- 46.0 days for transurethral resection of the prostate, 72.7 +/- 30.6 days for suprapubic prostatectomy and 69.3 +/- 32.7 days for retropubic prostatectomy. Prognostic factors were statistically analyzed preoperatively, at operation, and postoperatively. The definite prognostic factors were preoperative diabetes mellitus, preoperative pyuria, preoperative bacteriuria, and postoperative hypoproteinemia. The probable prognostic factors were old-age, preoperative indwelling catheters, heavy prostate tissue, postoperative bacteriuria, postoperative anemia and postoperative complications.
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PMID:[The analysis of prognostic factors on postsurgical pyuria of benign prostatic hypertrophy]. 244 87


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