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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The objective of this research was to describe health conditions and health services utilization among Brazilian seniors. The study was based on 28,943 adults > 60 years (99.9%) from an overall National Household Survey (PNAD 1998). The results show that prevalence rates for at least one chronic disease (69.0%), hypertension (43.9%), arthritis (37.5%), and inability to feed oneself/bathe/use the toilet (2.0%) are very similar to those observed in other populations. Physician visits and hospitalization patterns are within the variation reported by different countries. The low prevalence rates of older adults who had interrupted activities because of a health problem (13.9%) or had been bedridden (9.5%) in the previous 2 weeks or hospitalized in the previous year (13.6%) show that the vast majority are not subject to these events. Considering that 50% of this population live on less than or equal to one Brazilian monthly minimum wage, expenditures on medications consume approximately one-fourth (23%) of total income for half of the elderly population.
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PMID:[Health status, physical functioning, health services utilization, and expenditures on medicines among Brazilian elderly: a descriptive study using data from the National Household Survey]. 1280 77

The aims of this study are: to evaluate the prevalence of chronic diseases in the Brazilian population comparing data of 2008 with those of 2003; to estimate the impact of chronic conditions on the use of health services and on the restriction of daily activities and to measure the differentials in the prevalence of specific diseases according to educational strata and the affiliation to a private health plan. Data were obtained from PNAD 2008 and 2003. The analysis included estimations of crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, using svy commands from Stata 11 software. The prevalence of at least one disease was higher in: the elderly, women, low schooling level, black or indigenous people, urban residents, migrants and people living in the south region of Brazil. The most frequent diseases were: hypertension, back and spinal cord disorders, arthritis and depression. Between 2003 and 2008, an increase in the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, cancer and cirrhosis was observed, and there was a reduction in chronic kidney failure and tuberculosis. All the diseases analyzed, with the exception of cancer and tendinitis/tenossinovitis, revealed a higher prevalence in low educational level strata. The greatest social inequalities were in chronic kidney failure, cirrhosis, tuberculosis and arthritis/rheumatism.
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PMID:[Trends in social and demographic inequalities in the prevalence of chronic diseases in Brazil. PNAD: 2003- 2008]. 2198 19

The use of medical consultations is influenced by determinants such as healthcare needs and service characteristics, which depend on whether the environment is urban or rural. The scope was to estimate the proportions of individuals attending medical consultations over the previous 12 months with and without self-reported systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) living in urban and rural areas, and to analyze the patterns of consultation use and associations. This was a sectional study, using PNAD 2008. Logistic regression was performed to obtain crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs), according to self-reported SAH and household situation. 70.6% of adult Brazilians consult physicians. The association between the presence of SAH and attending medical consultations was 3.63 (OR) times greater in urban areas. The incidence of consultation with physicians was greater among women, individuals using continuous medication or who had health insurance plans or funding for the last consultation, people who reported a disease or restriction in mobility and those with self-reported poor health, in all strata. Multivariate analysis modified the associations of all variables. The differences between the two areas suggested that access policies need to be implemented, with the aim of reducing inequalities.
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PMID:[Use of medical consultations and the occurrence of systemic arterial hypertension in urban and rural areas of Brazil, according to PNAD data 2008]. 2198 21

The aims of this paper were to estimate the prevalence rates of self-reported high blood pressure among adults in urban and rural environments in Brazil and identify possible associations stratified according to household location. Data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) was used, incorporating information from the sampling plan. Logistic regression was used to obtain the odds ratio (OR) as a measure of association between variables and the outcome. The prevalence of self-reported high blood pressure in Brazil was 20.9%: 21% in urban areas and 20.1% in rural areas (OR = 1.06). In both areas, the likelihood of reporting high blood pressure increased with age and women, former smokers, migrants and individuals with morbidities, non-white individuals and individuals with health insurance were more likely to report this disease. Also, in both rural and urban areas, prevalence of high blood pressure was lower among workers and decreased with increasing levels of schooling. All variables showed an association with self-reported high blood pressure in both rural and urban areas, but differences in magnitude were observed in relation to sex and age group. These differences could help justify the promotion of better access and intervention methods at prevention clinics for different population groups.
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PMID:Prevalence of self-reported systemic arterial hypertension in urban and rural environments in Brazil: a population-based study. 2337 25

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of non-adherence to several continuous-use drugs by patients 30 to 79 years of age with self-reported hypertension, and associated factors, drawing on data from the Brazilian National Sample Household Survey (PNAD-2008). Prevalence ratios (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained by Poisson regression. The proportion of individuals that failed to adhere to continuous-use medication was 17%. Characteristics directly associated with non-adherence were: male gender, residence in the North, Northeast, or Central-West of Brazil, and smoking. Non-adherence decreased with age, per capita family income, number of chronic diseases, and medical consultation in the previous 12 months, and was inversely associated with 11 or more years of schooling (PR = 0.92; 95%CI: 0.86-0.98), not working and not being unemployed, and physical activity. Adherence to antihypertensive medication is necessary and requires investment in primary care, improved access to health services, and measures to offset regional, social, and gender inequalities.
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PMID:[Self-reported hypertension and non-adherence to continuous-use medication in Brazil: a population-based study]. 2489 56

Workers' health is a central theme in public health surveys, but the specificity of work activities should be considered. This study aimed to analyze the health of rural workers in Brazil that perform both agricultural and non-agricultural work, based on self-rated health and self-reported diseases. The Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD 2008) was used, incorporating information from the complex sampling plan. Agricultural workers 18 years or older were selected, stratified according to those with and without non-agricultural work. Logistic regression was performed for self-rated health, and odds ratios were calculated for self-reported diseases. Exclusive agricultural work decreased the odds of reporting good health and increased the odds of reporting back pain, high blood pressure, and arthritis/rheumatism. Exclusive agricultural workers reported more diseases and worse living conditions. Self-rated health was generally better in workers with non-agricultural occupations.
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PMID:[Rural workers' health in Brazil]. 2637 48

The objectives were to analyze the prevalence of arterial hypertension reported by Brazilian adults over 20 years of age and verify associated socioeconomic variables in three time periods. The data are from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 1998 (196,439 participants), 2003 (231,921), and 2008 (250,664). The outcome was self-reported arterial hypertension. The principal exposures were income in Reais and schooling in years. Data analysis used Poisson regression with robust variance with control for complex samples. Higher prevalence of arterial hypertension was associated with lower schooling, regardless of the survey year and gender. Low income was associated with higher prevalence of arterial hypertension, regardless of years of schooling, in the overall sample and in women. In men, this effect was not observed in 1998 and 2003. In 2008, high-income men showed higher prevalence of arterial hypertension, suggesting effect modification. Thus, the current study pointed to an increase in prevalence rates for arterial hypertension in the three periods, highlighting the inverse association with socioeconomic factors.
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PMID:[Time trend in the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension in Brazil]. 2867 33