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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of KB-944 (10-400 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.), a new slow channel calcium blocking agent, on myocardial oxygen utilization, regional myocardial perfusion and hemodynamics were measured in anesthetized dogs. KB-944 produced significant dose-related increases in coronary blood flow and decreases in heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, aortic blood pressure and peripheral vascular resistance. At high doses, peak positive and negative dP/dt were both reduced and left ventricular end diastolic pressure increased. KB-944 reduced arterial-venous oxygen content difference across the heart while significantly increasing coronary blood flow. The pressure rate product, an index of myocardial oxygen consumption, was also reduced. KB-944 produced a uniform and dose-related increase in transmural tissue flow within the left ventricular free wall. These results indicate that KB-944, a new slow channel calcium blocking agent, is a potent peripheral and coronary vasodilator with negative inotropic and chronotropic properties and may be potentially useful in coronary artery disease or hypertension.
Gen Pharmacol 1985
PMID:Cardiac and systemic hemodynamic actions of the slow channel calcium blocking agent, KB-944. 408 80

Three cases of Peyronie's disease are described, in which the condition is associated with hypertension and atherosclerosis. Another common factor is the use of beta-blocking agents in their treatment. A plea is made for an urgent review of the aetiology of Peyronie's disease bearing in mind the possibility of an iatrogenic cause.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1982 Aug
PMID:Is Peyronie's disease iatrogenic? 612 8

Six hundred and twenty-one claimants for Mobility Allowance were examined by the author, who recorded the patient's statement of his or her history and current disability, carried out a full physical examination and observed the gait and limitation of walking. Four hundred and seventy-five appeared to satisfy the medical conditions to qualify for the allowance. They were analysed by age, sex and body system involved and were compared with the corresponding total figure for Mobility Allowance in England, Scotland and Wales.The more common diagnoses are listed and are considered from the point of view of prevention. The implications for general practice are discussed. They concern the detection of hypertension and health education for antenatal care, smoking and the wearing of seat belts.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1982 Jul
PMID:Claimants for mobility allowance: causes of disability and the scope for prevention. 621 26

A morbidity survey in the Falkland Islands, conducted in 1979, showed that Falkland Islands men had a lower prevalence of hypertension than their counterparts in the United Kingdon. Such a difference was not found in women.As a migrant population, Falkland Islanders are unusual in that they moved from a developed society to a more traditional setting. In men, but not in women, the change in environment led to a greater proportion of the population engaging in a high level of habitual physical activity and to a low prevalence of obesity.These findings (based on ICD codes rather than BP measurements) are consistent with the hypothesis that such a change in lifestyle may have resulted in the lower population prevalence of hypertension observed in the morbidity survey, and the implications could be important for public health.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1984 Feb
PMID:The low prevalence of hypertension in Falkland Islands men. 647 Oct 24

An accurate age-sex register was used to identify patients in a practice who might be suffering from hypertension and to record the criteria on which the diagnosis was based. Information about blood pressure readings, diagnostic labels and treatment at the time of diagnosis were noted. The definition of hypertension sufficient to require treatment was a recorded diastolic pressure of 110 mm Hg or more on three occasion. Using these criteria, only 12 per cent of patients qualified.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1984 Feb
PMID:Criteria for the diagnosis of hypertension in general practice. 647 Oct 25

Sinoaortic denervation (SAD) produced a marked increase of the systolic blood pressure (SBP). Clonidine (50 micrograms kg-1, i.p.) reduced SBP in SAD but not in sham rats. L-alpha-methyldopa (alpha-MD) (50 mg kg-1, i.p.) also induced a more effective hypotensive action in SAD than sham rats. The withdrawal of alpha-MD in SAD rats after the first treatment was not abrupt and the hypotension persisted for several days, but after the second treatment the withdrawal induced a rapid rebound hypertension. Our results suggest that SAD increases the response to the hypotensive agents. An alteration in the availability of alpha-MD to accumulate or synthesize the active metabolites was also observed after second treatment.
Gen Pharmacol 1983
PMID:Effects of acute and short-term treatment with antihypertensive drugs in sinoaortic denervated rats. 666 45

Body mass index was determined for 953 subjects, randomly selected from the electoral roll of a town in south-west England. Morbidity was estimated using a questionnaire.The prevalence of obesity (body mass index < 28) was 21 per cent for males and 22 per cent for females. Overall morbidity was significantly increased in obese females. The three main disease groups that were more prevalent in both the obese males and females were hypertension, cardiovascular disease and musculoskeletal disorders.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1984 Jun
PMID:Obesity in a Somerset town: prevalence and relationship to morbidity. 674 35

1. Dose-response effects of captopril in an acute model of renovascular hypertension in the anaesthetized rat and in normotensive anaesthetized rats were compared. 2. Intravenous infusions of captopril lowered the blood pressure of both hypertensive and normotensive rats, its minimal active dose being about 0.05 mg/kg. 3. The 0.1 mg/kg dose of captopril normalized the blood pressure of hypertensive rats. 4. The model described herein might be useful for screening inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Gen Pharmacol 1982
PMID:A comparison of the dose-response effects of captopril in anesthetized normotensive and renovascular hypertensive rats. 675 46

1. Late cerebral arterial spasm was induced by repeated injections of autologous blood in a total amount of 14-33 ml into the basal cisterns of baboons to mimick subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), sagittal sinus pressure, cerebral arterial caliber from angiograms, and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) were measured before and after the experimental SAH to determine responses to hypercapnia and induced hypertension. The effect of the calcium antagonist, Nimodipine, on CBF autoregulation pre- and post-SAH was tested. 2. One week after the blood injections were started there was about 10-20% reduction, depending on territory measured, in the arterial diameter of the carotid and vertebral systems. This was associated with an 18% reduction in CBF and 9% decrease in the brain metabolism. 3. During hypercapnia before and after experimental SAH the flow increased with a mean of 3.7 and 1.8 ml, respectively, for each mm Hg elevation of PaCO2. In control animals, graded angiotensin-induced hypertension did not overtly affect CBF. Following SAH, the CBF autoregulation was impaired in 5 of 6 animals tested. 4. I.v. infusion of Nimodipine markedly curtailed the CBF autoregulation in pre-SAH animals and, to a somewhat slighter extent, also in post-SAH animals.
Gen Pharmacol 1983
PMID:Late cerebral arterial spasm: the cerebrovascular response to hypercapnia, induced hypertension and the effect of nimodipine on blood flow autoregulation in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in primates. 682 30

With the primary objective of examining the practice of prescribing oral contraceptives (OCs), a questionnaire was sent to 180 general practitioners and 45 community health doctors involved in family planning. 6 case histories were listed and doctors were asked to report their prescribing practice in 36 different hypothetical situations. They could choose 1 of 3 options--to prescribe the combined pill, the progestogen-only pill, or not prescribe OCs. They were also asked about changes in their prescribing practice, the 3 OCs prescribed most often, when a progestogen-only would pill be prescribed in preference to the combined pill, and views on the role of others in prescribing OCs. Completed questionnaries were returned by 124 (69%) general practitioners and 45 (80%) of family planning doctors. All were least likely to prescribe OCs in cases of hypertension or family history of ischemic heart disease. Diabetes and headache were each seen as less of a contraindication, and few doctors saw either age or fibrocystic disease of the breast as increasing the risk. Within each case history, smoking emerged as the most important contraindication. Almost all doctors reported changes in their prescribing practice; these related to enhanced understanding of the risks of OCs and to the availability of newer preparations. The 3 most commonly used OCs were the 30 mcg estrogen preparations (low and high progestogen) and the progestogen-only pill. Nearly all the doctors replied that they would prescribe the progestogen-only pill but not the combined pill in certain circumstances, the most commonly cited being when the woman was over age 35, was breastfeeding, had risk factors for cardiovascular disease, or smoked. The 2 groups of doctors showed different attitudes towards the role of other staff in prescribing OCs. Although 2/3 of the general practitioner group felt that prescribing should be limited to doctors, this view was shared by only 1/4 of the family planning group.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1983 Apr
PMID:Prescribing of oral contraceptives in Oxfordshire. 688 88


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