Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anticardiolipin antibodies, immunoglobulin G, and M (IgG, IgM) have been associated with recurrent abortion and with maternal death. This study tested whether anticardiolipin titers would be a useful prenatal screening test to determine high-risk pregnancies. Titers were obtained at the first clinic visit in 686 patients, mean gestation, 20 weeks. The outcome variables were taken from a medical records computer data base. IgG anticardiolipin correlated inversely with birthweight (p less than 0.025), but not with gestation. IgM anticardiolipin correlated strongly with the inverse of patient age (p less than 0.0002) and with chronic hypertension (p less than 0.01), but not with preeclampsia. There was a weak correlation with the 1-minute Apgar score (p less than 0.05). Thirty-seven patients had titers of IgG or IgM greater than 3 standard deviations above the mean for nonpregnant patients. Sixteen of these patients were studied for antinuclear antibody and coagulopathy (prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, viper venom time) and all were normal. Six of eight patients tested had low range elevated antibody titers to double-stranded DNA. Ten placentas were examined and showed no infarctions. None of the correlations were of practical clinical utility. The biologic basis of the correlations found is of further interest. The value of anticardiolipin titers with lupus erythematosus, or with coagulopathy, was not tested.
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PMID:Prenatal screening for anticardiolipin antibody. 237 31

The purpose of this study was to correlate bleeding complications during and after treatment with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) with serial template bleeding time measurements, with ADP-induced platelet aggregation, with clinical characteristics, and with hemostatic parameters. Fifty-two of 55 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction and template bleeding times (Ivy method) of less than 9.5 minutes were treated with rt-PA in a total dose of 55-212 mg (mean, 109 mg) over 90 to 360 minutes (median, 240 minutes) combined with heparin. The mean bleeding time was significantly prolonged at 90 minutes (from 5.0 +/- 1.9 to 8.2 +/- 4.3 minutes, p less than 0.0001) but returned toward baseline after 4 hours (from a median of 8.0 to 7.0 minutes, p less than 0.05). Thirteen patients (25%) suffered relatively minor but spontaneous bleeding that did not correlate with age, hypertension, smoking, partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, ADP-induced platelet aggregation, steady-state rt-PA level, or extent of fibrinogen degradation. In multivariate analysis, only the 90-minute bleeding time correlated with spontaneous bleeding (p = 0.01). Prolongation of the 90-minute bleeding time to greater than or equal to 9 minutes, which occurred in 21 patients, correlated with spontaneous bleeding with a sensitivity of 69% (95% confidence interval, 39-90%) and a specificity of 69% (95% confidence interval, 52-83%). Retrospective analysis revealed that in 14 patients taking aspirin, the bleeding time at 90 minutes was significantly more prolonged (p less than 0.05) and spontaneous bleeding significantly more frequent (p less than 0.01) than in patients not taking aspirin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Correlation between template bleeding times and spontaneous bleeding during treatment of acute myocardial infarction with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator. 250 11

The pathogenesis of avascular necrosis of bone (ANB) was investigated in 111 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (24 with ANB, 87 without ANB); patients' ages, corticosteroid treatment, clinical and laboratory features associated with SLE, and haemostatic profiles were all taken into account. The mean ages of patients with and without ANB at the time of diagnosis of SLE was 24.1 and 31.2 years respectively. The mean maximal daily dose of prednisolone in the group with ANB was 50.8 mg, which was significantly higher than the dose (41.8 mg) in the group without ANB. Disease features of SLE, such as Raynaud's phenomenon, hyperlipidaemia, nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, and disease activity, were not found to be related to ANB. The percentage of patients who had lupus anticoagulant as well as a shorter activated partial thromboplastin time was greater in those with ANB than in those without. Multiple factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of ANB in SLE, and it is suggested that haemostatic abnormalities, which could be influenced by corticosteroids and young ages, play some part in the development of ANB.
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PMID:Avascular necrosis of bone in systemic lupus erythematosus: possible role of haemostatic abnormalities. 250 41

The effects of diltiazem hydrochloride on exercise-induced changes in cardiovascular response, plasma renin activity, platelet function and blood coagulability were evaluated with multistage treadmill exercise in 20 patients who had systemic hypertension of stage 1 to 2 (World Health Organization classification). Heart rates, blood pressure, and pressure-rate product at rest, at peak exercise and in the recovery period were significantly reduced after 4 weeks of diltiazem administration, 180 mg/day. Plasma renin activity tended to increase after the medication. However, platelet adenosine diphosphate-induced aggregation sensitivity, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, plasma fibrinogen concentration and antithrombin III activity did not change significantly. It is concluded that diltiazem could ameliorate the hyperresponsiveness of heart rate and BP to exercise in hypertensive patients without affecting blood coagulability.
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PMID:Effects of diltiazem hydrochloride on cardiovascular response, platelet aggregation and coagulating activity during exercise testing in systemic hypertension. 351 20

Fetal death occurs in about 1/3 of pregnancies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is largely predicted by lupus anticoagulant (estimated by activated partial thromboplastin time) and/or antibody to cardiolipin. These antibodies are not synonymous. Neonatal lupus appears in a minority of infants born to women with antibody to the Ro/La antigens. Hypocomplementemia is common in SLE pregnancies, as in pregnancy induced hypertension. Lupus exacerbation is uncommon either during or after pregnancy. Prematurity and fetal death are the greatest hazards.
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PMID:Hazards of lupus pregnancy. 361 48

The aim of our study was to evaluate the fibrinolytic system in patients with retinal branch vein occlusion (RVO). The following tests were carried out: prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time (PTT), fibrinogen degradation products, euglobulin lysis time, fibrinogen, pasminogen, antithrombin III, alpha 2-antiplasmin and alpha 2-macroglobulin. Comparing the results of patients with those of normal controls, only the fibrinogen increase and PTT shortening were significantly different. All other tests taken into account were within normal limits. Only the patients without other associated diseases (diabetes or hypertension) showed a significant activation of fibrinolysis (either with respect to normal or to other RVO patient groups). In conclusion, no important fibrinolytic impairment was seen in our longstanding RVO patients. Fibrinolytic activation seen in patients without verified associated diseases may be related to the presence of a sound endothelium, still able to release plasminogen activators in response to RVO. The fibrinogen and PTT changes in RVO were probably due to other associated diseases.
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PMID:Fibrinolytic behavior in long-standing branch retinal vein occlusion. 369 97

Two patients received intravenous heparin shortly after carotid transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), and developed a cerebral hemorrhage in the same area with 24 hours. CT scan performed before starting anticoagulation was normal, blood pressure was not too high when the hemorrhage developed, although the patients suffered (treated) chronic hypertension, and the Partial Thromboplastin Time did not exceed 90 seconds. No definitive explanation can be provided for this severe complication but recent studies suggest that in some TIAs, significant local ischemic changes may persist after the resolution of clinical symptoms. This risk, although very low, should be considered in cases with chronic arterial hypertension (even treated), because of disturbances of cerebrovascular regulation. In the near future, nuclear magnetic resonance scanning might allow detection of the cases with TIAs, in which focal metabolic alterations persist after disappearance of clinical symptoms.
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PMID:[Cerebral hemorrhage complicating early anticoagulant treatment of transient ischemic attacks]. 398 15

We confirmed our previously reported findings that subcutaneous administration of heparin (200 U q 12 hr) in rats with experimental partial renal infarction prevents the development of progressive renal failure and hypertension, as well as the glomerular abnormalities which occur in the remaining viable renal tissue. In the present study, heparin, in the dosage used to prevent progressive renal failure, caused a marked and sustained prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time, as well as a transient prolongation of the bleeding time. Administration of coumadin at doses which caused a significant prolongation of the prothrombin time and bleeding time also inhibited the development of progressive hypertension and uremia in rats with experimental partial renal infarction. These findings indicate that inhibition of blood coagulation effectively protects rats with experimentally decreased renal mass from the development of progressive renal failure and hypertension and support the concept that the glomerular thrombosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of these complications.
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PMID:Inhibition by anticoagulant drugs of the progressive hypertension and uremia associated with renal infarction in rats. 621 41

Systematic blood coagulation analyses were conducted in 32 severely hypertensive patients treated with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril. Two hours after the first captopril dose, fibrin monomer complexes had already increased. This rise was even more distinct after 26 h and 1 week. Tests after 6 and 12 months of therapy showed a regression of fibrin monomer complexes to pretreatment values. In several patients with a marked increase in fibrin monomer complexes, the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) became shorter and antiplasmin activity increased. The most pronounced increase in fibrin monomer complexes was seen in patients with a rapid and excessive blood pressure reduction. The concentration of fibrin monomer complexes also rose in 15 healthy normotensive subjects, after a single oral dose of captopril (25 mg). Additionally, the PTT was shortened and antiplasmin significantly rose. An inhibition of fibrinolysis by captopril could be demonstrated by the effect on fibrin plates and thrombus weight after streptokinase. Out of 58 patients with severe hypertension and atherosclerosis treated with captopril, 7 patients suffered vascular complications during antihypertensive therapy: myocardial infarction (n = 2), coronary insufficiency (1), cerebral ischemia (1), renal insufficiency (3). These ischemic lesions may be partly explained by the alterations of coagulation and fibrinolysis under captopril therapy.
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PMID:Effects of the converting enzyme inhibitor captopril on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in man. 675 Feb 21

Three patients with severe hemophilia A with inhibitors to factor VIII were treated with activated factor IX complex. Bleeding was controlled adequately during surgical procedures involving each of the three. Partial thromboplastin times showed a variable shortening and prothrombin times were significantly shortened to values less than normal. Hemostasis was substantiated by the use of epsilon aminocaproic acid. Neither anamnestic responses nor thrombotic complications were observed. A transient hypertension developed in two patients shortly after infusion with the activated factor IX complex.
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PMID:Activated factor IX complex in treatment of surgical cases of hemophilia A with inhibitors. 697 16


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