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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The role of vasopressin in blood pressure control and in the pathogenesis of one-kidney Goldblatt hypertension in the conscious dog was investigated. 2. Infusion of synthetic arginine vasopressin to elevate plasma levels approximately five-fold caused bradycardia in normal dogs and increase in mean arterial blood pressure in dogs with pharmacological autonomic blockade. 3. A similar degree of elevation of plasma vasopressin concentration was observed after mild non-hypotensive haemorrhage. 4. Renal artery constriction in unilaterally-nephrectomized dogs caused a rise in plasma renin activity and only a doubling of plasma vasopressin concentration, but a marked rise in mean arterial blood pressure. 5. Vasopressin may play a role in normal cardiovascular homeostatic responses, but its role in the pathogenesis of this form of hypertension is unlikely to be significant.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:The role of vasopressin in blood pressure control and in experimental hypertension. 28 63

1. Biosynthesis and deposition of collagen, as well as DNA and total proteins, are increased in aortae of rats after 1, 3 and 6 weeks of hypertension. 2. The maximal increase in the rate of synthesis of collagen is observed within one week of hypertension when the stress to the arterial wall is maximal. 3. Reserpine administration prevents hypertension and inhibits the increase of collagen metabolism. 4. At any time of evolution of the hypertension, a linear positive correlation is found between the collagen content in the aorta and the level of blood pressure. 5. These data suggest that synthesis of matrix components by the arterial smooth-muscle cells is controlled by variation in the blood pressure level and is not a direct consequence of circulating humoral factors liberated by the ischaemic kidney.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:The relationship between blood pressure and aortic collagen metabolism in renal hypertensive rats. 28 65

1. Pronounced hypoaldosteronism was found in five young women with low-renin hypertension and characteristic features of the mineralocorticoid hypertensive syndrome. 2. There was no overproduction of the mineralocorticoids 11-deoxycorticosterone and 18-OH-11-deoxycorticosterone. 3. Dexamethasone restored blood pressure to normal, decreased body weight, increased plasma potassium, and increased plasma renin activity and aldosterone excretion in all patients. 4. The data suggest overproduction of an unknown adrenocorticotrophic hormone-dependent mineralocorticoid maintaining hypertension in these patients.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:Evidence for an unidentified, adrenocorticotrophic hormone-dependent mineralocorticoid maintaining hypertension in young women with hypoaldosteronism. 28 66

1. In 27 severe primary hypertensive patients nifedipine (10 mg), administered orally, induced prompt (-21% of control at 30 min) and persistent (-17% at 120 min) fall of mean arterial pressure mediated through reduction of peripheral vascular resistance with rise of cardiac output. 2. The sublingual route (nine cases) showed more rapid onset of action and equal antihypertensive effectiveness. 3. In five patients with hypertensive crisis and acute left ventricular failure, the drug strikingly reduced systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures and relieved pulmonary oedema. 4. Prompt efficacy, ease of administration, absence of important side effects indicate that nifedipine may be a useful therapeutic agent in severe hypertension and in critical conditions that require rapid lowering of blood pressure.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:Haemodynamic effects of a calcium antagonistic agent (nifedipine) in hypertension: therapeutic implications. 28 70

1. A total of 206 patients, elderly males with hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 95--110 mmHg) were followed for periods varying from 1 to 5 years, 107 patients with diastolic blood pressure less than 95 mmHg were followed over the same period, and 101 patients with diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 110 mmHg were also followed. 2. The mortality of each group and the effect of therapy for hypertension on mortality has been compared. 3. The incidence of myocardial infarct in the group treated with thiazide diuretics is greater than in the other groups. 4. It would appear unlikely that therapy will improve the prognosis in elderly people with mild hypertension.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:Treatment of mild hypertension. 28 73

1. The serum concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides were measured before and during the treatment of hypertension. Thirty-six patients were treated with hydrochlorothiazide and 29 with spironolactone. 2. Serum cholesterol increased from 214 to 227 mg/100 ml (P less than 0.005) and triglyceride did not change during treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. Serum triglyceride increased from 112 to 133 mg/100 ml (P less than 0.05) and cholesterol did not change during treatment with spironolactone. 3. Serum lipid responses to diuretics varied among patients. To identify patients susceptible to larger increases, subgroup analysis was carried out. Patients who were younger and had lower pretreatment serum cholesterol and systolic blood pressure had larger increments in cholesterol during treatment. In these subgroups coronary risk status did not improve during therapy. 4. The incidence of myocardial infarction may not be reduced so long as diuretics serve as first-line drugs in the treatment of mild hypertension.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:Raised serum lipid concentrations during diuretic treatment of hypertension: a study of predictive indexes. 28 76

1. Case records were examined of 66 patients who died while being treated for high blood pressure. 2. The possibility that benzothiadazine diuretics may have some deleterious as well as beneficial effects was investigated. 3. It is possible that the thiazides may have some adverse clinical effects, at least in females, with regard to the incidence of myocardial infarction in hypertensive patients.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:Benzothiadazine diuretics and death from myocardial infarction in hypertension. 28 77

1. The effect of diuretic therapy on serum lipids and lipoprotein fractions was evaluated in 16 normal or labile hypertensive subjects who received in cross-over fashion chlorthalidone, frusemide or mefruside, each for 4 weeks (group A); and in 13 patients with essential hypertension treated with chlorthalidone for 6 weeks (group B). 2. All three diuretics significantly increased the ratio between serum beta- and alpha-lipoprotein fractions. This was due to an increase of the serum beta-lipoprotein fraction while the alpha-lipoprotein fraction was not changed significantly (group A) or decreased (group B). Serum cholesterol or triglycerides tended to be increased, but mean changes were often not significant. 3. The observed alterations in serum lipoproteins are consistent with the possibility of an increased risk for coronary heart disease which could offset partly the beneficial effects of a lowered blood pressure in diuretic-treated patients with hypertension.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:Increased ratio between serum beta- and alpha-lipoproteins during diuretic therapy: an adverse effect? 28 79

1. A questionnaire, modified from Bulpitt & Dollery (1973), inquired about 20 symptoms commonly associated with hypertension or its drug therapy in 1017 subjects (age 30--69 years). Groups consisted of (a) active therapy, (b) placebo, (c) no tablets, and (d) a non-study control group. The response rate was 96% in the first three groups and 92% in group (d). 2. The subjects in groups (a), (b) and (c) constituted part of a placebo-controlled, patient-blind intervention study in the treatment of mild hypertension (The Australian National Blood Pressure Study). 3. After age/sex adjustment of the data, only sleepiness and self-assessed depression were found to be more common in the actively treated group. Impotence, failure of ejaculation and nocturia were age-related symptoms. Generally, complaint rate was higher in females. 4. The knowledge of a mild hypertensive condition or its modern drug therapy lead to very few symptoms in a non-hospital population who already have a fairly high 'complaint level'.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:Side-effects of antihypertensive treatment: a placebo-controlled study. 28 81

1. Two groups of hypertensive patients, randomly assigned to either physician or nurse practitioner care, were compared, after two years of follow up, with respect to diastolic blood pressure reduction and utilization and costs of medical services. In addition, satisfaction with hypertension are was evaluated. 2. There was no statistical difference in mean diastolic blood pressure reduction between the physician and nurse practitioner groups. 3. Patients in the nurse practitioner group made more visits for hypertension care than those in the physician group; thus, even though the cost per nurse practitioner visit was lower than the cost per physician visit, the total annual cost of care per patient was higher in the nurse practitioner group. 4. Patients followed by nurse practitioners were very satisfied with their care. 5. Nurse practitioners provide excellent hypertension care and thereby save valuable physician time.
Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl 1978 Dec
PMID:The role of nurse practitioners in hypertension care. 28 82


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