Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of familial multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome (MEN) are reported. Case 1. A 31-year-old woman began to have repeated attacks of coma in 1970. Blood examination showed fasting sugar as low as 2.05 mmol/L (37 mg/dl). Her disease was cured after the removal of two insulinomas in 1972. However, coma occurred again in 1982. Examination revealed the ratio of concentrations of serum insulin and sugar being more than 0.3. Another operation with removal of 19 insulinomas were performed in our hospital in 1985. After operation, the level of blood sugar returned to normal. Her father had suffered from Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome; the entire stomach and a part of pancreas were removed in 1967. So we examined her brother. His serum calcium level was 2.5-2.9 mmol/L (10.0-11.6 mg/dl) and plasma iPTH level 49.5-115.5 ng/L (normal value 21.4 +/- 7.7 ng/L n = 71). The high level of iPTH could not be suppressed by calcium load test. The total of two and a half of the remaining two parathyroid glands were removed. Pathology confirmed hyperplasia of parathyroid glands. The levels of serum calcium and iPTH returned to normal after operation. Case 2. A 25-year-old woman suffered from hypertension at the age of ten. Adrenal tumor with pheochromocytoma (2 x 2 x 1.5 cm3) was diagnosed and removed at that time. She complained of intermittent coma for 10 months and was thus admitted to our hospital in Nov. 1984. The level of blood sugar was 1.5-3.8 mmol/L (26-67 mg/dl).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1989 Oct
PMID:[2 cases of familial multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome]. 257 47

When chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) proceeds to chronic renal failure (CRF), there are decline of fibrinolytic activity and deposition of fibrin in glomeruli with resulting thromboembolic lesions. 46 CGN patients with complicating CRF were thus treated with defibrase made from viper venom. Defibrase in a dose of 0.025 unit/kg dissolved in 250 ml 10% glucose was infused slowly once every 3 days in a total of 6 times. After the treatment, BUN and serum creatinine levels decreased, creatinine cleance improved and the clinical manifestations of uremia alleviated or disappeared. In some patients there were increase of hemoglobin concentration and decrease of urinary protein excretion. Hypertension was controlled in 17 out of 20 patients treated in combination with captopril. Level of plasma fibrinogen was significantly reduced after defibrase administration, but the reduction was not related to the therapeutic effect. Urinary output was increased in most of the patients, being related to the therapeutic effect. The authors are of the opinion that renal function may be improved in CGN patients after defibrase treatment due probably to elimination of fibrin deposition and resolution of thromboembolic lesions in glomeruli. However, a suitable dose has to be determined as there is no effective way to monitor the most dreaded complication of defibrase therapy bleeding.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1989 Mar
PMID:[Therapeutic effect of defibrase in chronic glomerulonephritis with chronic renal failure]. 280 53

Fifty-two cases of hypertension were treated with verapamil. The obvious effective rate was 86.5% and the total effective rate 98.1%. The antihypertensive effect of verapamil was confirmed, as compared with nifedipine. A preliminary approach of the dosage of verapamil showed that a total dose of 120-240 mg daily could achieve satisfactory result clinically in most patients.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1989 Apr
PMID:[Therapeutic effect of verapamil in hypertension: an analysis of 52 cases]. 280 58

A comparison was made on the main clinical features between 6 cases of benign pheochromocytoma and 4 cases of adrenomedullary hyperplasia admitted in to our hospital from 1981 to 1986. It is found that differentiation between pheochromocytoma and adrenomedullary hyperplasia with symptoms or signs alone is difficult, since both may have the same symptoms such as paroxysmal or sustained hypertension elevation and shock. Moreover, the laboratory findings of the former were also similar to those of the latter. So the diagnosis of both was suspected upon clinical manifestations and confirmed with biochemical investigation. If an enlarged adrenal silhouetteis shown on one side or both sides with no tumor mass, as evidenced by retroperitoneal pneumography, computerized tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance, ultrasonography or 131I-meta-iodobenzyl-guanidine (131I-mIBG), adrenomedullary hyperplasia might be considered. Confirmatory differential diagnosis between the pheochromocytoma and adrenomedullary hyperplasia perhaps can only be made after surgical exploration and pathological examination. Pheochromocytoma is usually benign and can be excised totally after medical preparation with an alpha-adrenergic antagonist as we have done; adrenomedullary hyperplasia can only be treated with subtotal adrenalectomy. We also agree with the idea that preoperative alpha-adrenergic blockage would reduce surgical complication and mortality. It is generally recommended that a beta-adrenergic antagonist, such as propranolol, be given only after effective alpha-adrenergic blockade is established because beta-adrenergic blockade alone may exacerbate hypertension as a result of unopposed alpha-adrenergic stimulation. Besides operation, 131I-mIBG administration seems to be a promising alternative method for malignant pheochromocytoma or adrenomedullary hyperplasia.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1989 Apr
PMID:[Pheochromocytoma and adrenomedullary hyperplasia]. 280 61

In this study, the concentration of plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) and substance P (SP) in normotensive subjects as well as patients with essential hypertension was measured. The results showed that: (1) The concentration of plasma AVP in patients with essential hypertension (21.83 +/- 1.30ng/L) was significantly higher than that in normotensive subjects (11.02 +/- 1.05 ng/L) (P < 0.001). The level of plasma SP in hypertensive subjects (276.60 +/- 21.35 pmol/L) was obviously lower than that in normotensive subjects (958.20 +/- 31.13 pmol/L) (P < 0.001). (2) The level of plasma AVP decreased (from 24.88 +/- 1.63 to 8.69 +/- 1.39 ng/L, P < 0.001) and that of plasma SP increased (from 331.40 +/- 48.18 to 958.80 +/- 39.30 pmol/L, P < 0.001) after antihypertensive drug treatment. (3) A negative correlation was found between the level of plasma AVP and SP in patients with essential hypertension (r = -0.564, P < 0.001), but no correlation was found between them in normotensive subjects (r = -0.096, P > 0.05). It is suggested that the abnormal level of plasma AVP and SP plays a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1993 May
PMID:[The role of arginine-vasopressin and substance P in the pathogenesis of hypertension and their interrelation]. 750 32

Right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), right ventricular peak filling rate (RVPFR) and right atrial early diastolic emptying rate (RAER) were measured with radionuclide gated blood pool scintigraphy in 19 healthy subjects and 15 cases of COPD with cor pulmonale and right heart catheterization was performed in the latter group. It was shown that RVEF in the group of cor pulmonale patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was significantly lower than that of the group of healthy subjects and cor pulmonale patients without PAH (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), no difference in RVEF was found between cor pulmonale patients without PAH and healthy subjects. As pulmonary arterial pressure increased, RAER and RVPFR decreased gradually, and the reduction of RAER and RVPFR occurred earlier than that of RVEF. It is suggested that right ventricular diastolic function may be impaired before right ventricular systolic function.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1994 Nov
PMID:[A study on the radionuclide method for assessment of right ventricular function in COPD with cor pulmonale]. 760 Aug 69

The necropsy findings of 18 patients with cor pulmonale and coronary heart disease (CHD) were compared with those of a control group of 30 patients with cor pulmonale alone. The results showed that there was no significant statistical difference between the two groups on average heart weight and average left and right ventricular thickness (P > 0.05). The results suggest that at the end stage of cor pulmonale left ventricule may be involved whether there are complicating left ventricular disease or not. In this study, cor pulmonale and CHD were both accurately diagnosed in 33.3%, CHD failed to be diagnosed in 38.9% and cor pulmonale failed to be diagnosed in 27.8% of the patients. Single diagnostic factor analysis for cor pulmonale with CHD indicated that age, history of hypertension, history of angina pectoris, history of MI, accentuation A2, presence of bundle branch block, abnormal Q wave and left axis or normal deviation, Cheng Xiansheng diagostic criteria and Selvester MI screening criteria are of significance (P < 0.05). Multiple factor logistic regression analysis indicated that independent prognostic factors including history of angina pectoris, Selvester MI screening criteria and Cheng Xiansheng diagnostic criteria are of help for diagnosis (P < 0.03-0.000). The above-mentioned diagnostic methods are, however, not so specific. At present the best method for diagnosis of CHD is coronary arteriography.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1995 Mar
PMID:[A clinicopathological study of cor pulmonale with coronary heart disease]. 764 41

The effect of essential hypertension at baseline on the development of NIDDM within 6 years was investigated in 465 Chinese nondiabetics with or without hypertension. The age, sex adjusted 6 year incidence of NIDDM in hypertensive group (BP > 18.7 +/- 12. okPa (140/90 mmHg) or treated with antihypertensives) at baseline was significantly higher than that in normotensive group (44.6%, n = 325, P < 0.05) at baseline. Multivariate regression analysis showed the hypertensive group had higher risk of worsening to diabetes compared with normotensives (OR: 1.82, 95% Ci: 1.03-3.21, P < 0.05) after the adjustment for two other important risk factors for NIDDM, the fasting plasma glucose and BMI. Further more the increasement of SBP by 20 mmHg at baseline significantly increase the risk for NIDDM in the followup period in the blood-lowering-drug-free group (OR: 1.54, 95% Ci: 1.05-2.24, P < 0.05). Thus it confirmed that hypertension at baseline was an independent predictor for NIDDM. In addition, our observation showed that some antihypertensive drugs appears also to play an unfavorable role in the occurrence of NIDDM.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1994 Oct
PMID:[Essential hypertension: a predictor of the 6 year-incidence of NIDDM in 465 non-diabetics]. 771 8

In this study, we have measured plasma glucose and insulin levels at fasting and following an oral glucose load (75g) in 39 non-diabetic subjects (22 untreated hypertensive, 17 normotensive subjects). We also assessed plasma cholesterol (Ch), triglyceride (TG) levels and Na(+)-K(+)-pump activity in the membranes of their erythrocytes. Overall, hypertensive subjects have hypercholesterol, hypertriglyceride, glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia. These changes accorded with Syndrome X proposed by Reaven. In multivariant analysis, after correcting for age, BMI, diastolic pressure (DBP) was positively related to fasting, 1/2h insulin and insulin area under cure (AUC) (P < 0.05). Both systolic pressure (SBP) and DBP were negatively correlated to Na(+)-K(+)-pump (P < 0.01, 0.001), while Na(+)-K(+)-pump was negatively fasting, 1/2h, 1h, 2h insulin levels and insulin AUC (P < 0.05, 0.05, 0.01, 0.01, respectively). These results showed that insulin may affect Na(+)-K(+)-pump activity to develop hypertension independent of age and obese. We also postulated that insulin resistance was causal in the syndrome X, also one of factors developing coronary artery disease.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1994 Mar
PMID:[Insulin resistance and hypertension]. 780 25

The clinical features, etiologies, pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis of 70 patients with aortic dissecting were studied. Patients with age ranging from 31 to 70 years consisted 93% of the total. The proportion of proximal to distal types is 0.8: 1. Hypertension was present in 67% and Marfan's syndrome 18% of the patients. The pathologic finding was scattered rupture with myxomatous and cystic necrosis of the mecial elastic fibers. 80% of the patients suffered from the disease without any inducing cause. Of the 76% patients had chest pain, it was very severe in 69%. Chest X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging together with clinical manifestations may accurately diagnose the disease. The sensitivity and specificity of the ultrasound are 97% and 94% respectively. The mortality in hospital with surgical and medical therapy of the proximal type was 14% and 22% respectively, while that of the distal type was 63% and 27% respectively. Rupture of the aneurysm was the cause of death in 68% of the patients.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1994 Jun
PMID:[A clinical study of aortic dissecting]. 786 28


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