Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The observation of a non-metastatic reactive hepatopathy associated with a hypernephroma in a 39-year-old man who had had fever for 4 months led to a review of the literature and an analysis of basically three aspects of the disorder: a) The various manifestations of carcinoma of the kidney, which include a large number of paraneoplastic clinical symptoms (polycythemia, anemia, prolonged fever, hypercalcemia, hypertension, nefropathy, loss of salt, peripheral neuropathy, and amyloidosis); b) an alteracion of hepatic function known since 1961 which is characterized by an abnormal retention of sulfobromophthalein, increase of alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin decrease, dysproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, and alpha2-globulin increase. It may or may not be accompanied by enlargement of the liver. c) Criteria of operability of the primary tumor.
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PMID:[Liver disease associated with hypernephroma. A case report (author's transl)]. 45 99

Circulating plasma levels of human prothrombin antigen and activity were determined in normal pregnancy and in pregnancies complicated by hypertension, eclampsia, or preeclampsia. The ratio of prothrombin antigen to activity (Ag/Act) was within normal limits for all hypertensive patients. However, every untreated preeclamptic patient, as well as 2 eclamptic patients, had abnormal prothrombin antigen to activity ratios.
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PMID:Alterations in the prothrombin coagulation pathway due to preeclampsia. 50 93

Ischemic optic neuropathy and retinal arterial occlusion are 2 forms of arterial occlusive disease affecting the eye. Reports in the literature suggest platelet hyperactivity in acute arterial occlusive diseases affecting other organ systems. Therefore, 14 patients with ischemic optic neuropathy and 17 patients with central or branch retinal artery occlusion were studied to determine whether platelets have a role in the pathogenesis of these vascular occlusive disorders. The results of the following investigations were no different in these patients compared with those in 18 control patients with non-vascular eye diseases: prothrombin times, partial thromboplastin times, plasma fibrinogen, factor V, factor VIII, platelet counts and threshold concentrations of ADP, epinephrine and collagen resulting in secondary platelet aggregation and serotonin release. In contrast, platelet coagulant activities concerned with the early stages of intrinsic coagulation were significantly increased in patients with retinal artery occlusion without hypertension or type IV hyperlipoproteinemia, but generally normal in patients with ischemic optic neuropathy and in patients with retinal artery occlusion associated with hypertension, type IV hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetes mellitus and generalized atherosclerosis. These results are consistent with a platelet contribution to retinal arterial occlusive disease in patients without other known contributing factors such as hypertension, serum lipid abnormalities, diabetes mellitus and generalized atherosclerosis and may have implications regarding prophylaxis.
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PMID:Platelet coagulant activities in arterial occlusive disease of the eye. 50 1

Inbred Carworth Farms Nelson (CFN) congenitally hyperlipidemic rats had significantly shorter coagulation and prothrombin times and higher levels of coagulation factors, II, V, VII, VIII, and X than did controls. Conversely, congenitally hypolipidemic rats of the same strain had significantly longer coagulation and prothrombin times and lower levels of factors II, V, VII, X and XII and of blood platelets than did controls. A loop-shaped polyethylene cannula was inserted into the aorta to assess the potential for thrombosis. The hyperlipidemic group obstructed this significantly faster and the hypolipidemic group slower than did the controls. Normal CFN rats made hypertensive by unilateral renal artery clip developed hypertension together with significantly elevated serum cholesterol and factor VII and X levels. Rhesus monkeys with diet-induced hyperlipidemia showed shorter prothrombin times and higher factor X levels than did controls on normal diet. By selective breeding, two groups of squirrel monkeys were obtained. Both groups had similar serum cholesterol levels on a normal diet but one group (hyperresponders) showed higher serum cholesterol levels on a cholesterol-containing diet than did the other (hyporesponder) group. Both groups showed significantly elevated levels of factors II, V, VII, IX and X on a cholesterol-containing diet. There was good correlation between the levels of many coagulation factors and serum cholesterol in both rats and monkeys. If thrombosis is important in the genesis of atherosclerosis, these findings could indicate that elevation of plasma lipids may play a role, via the coagulation pathway, in the production of human vascular disease.
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PMID:Hyperlipidemia, hypercoagulability, and accelerated thrombosis: studies in congenitally hyperlipidemic rats and in rats and monkeys with induced hyperlipidemia. 81 75

Nine patients with intracranial hemorrhage associated with long-term anticoagulation therapy were evaluated at the Wadsworth Veterans Administration Hospital over a 30-month period. The relationships of the hemorrhage to other variables, both in this series and in the review of the literature, are analyzed. The most common site of the intracranial hemorrhage was the subdural space. No direct correlation between the presence of arterial hypertension or prothrombin activity and intracranial hemorrhage existed. The outcome was favorable in six of the patients, four of whom had a subdural hematoma.
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PMID:Intracranial hemorrhage associated with anticoagulation therapy. 83 12

The effect of oral clonidine on prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, blood fibrinogen, fibrinolytic activity and platelet count was investigated in 25 hypertensive and 7 normal subjects. High plasma fibrinogen levels were present in 80% of the hypertensive patients and prolonged lysis time in 28%; the means values were 487 +/- 135 mg % and 223 +/- 62 min., respectively. The other coagulation tests were normal. 0,300-0,450 mg/day clonidine per os for 15 days both decreased fibginogen levels (mean 406 +/- 149; p less than 0.05) and shortened lysis time (mean 153 +/- 78 min; p less than 0.005). No changes were noted in the normal subjects. The pathophysiological mechanism of these findings is discussed and their possible implications for the treatment of hypertension are emphasised.
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PMID:[Effects of clonidine on various blood-coagulation parameters in hypertension]. 84 Apr 19

The course of long-term anticoagulant therapy in 114 out-patients has been evaluated over a three-month period. The evaluation was based on the registration of information from the clinical records and from two personal interviews with each patient. The patients had attended the Anticoagulation Clinic for 141 weeks on the average. The prothrombin complex activity (PP%) level was siginificantly lower in patients with bleeding episodes. An apparently higher PP% level in patients with thromboembolic manifestations was not significant. No bleeding was observed when the PP% was above 25. Warfarin resulted in relatively bleeding episodes and more PP% values within the desired range (10-25) than phenprocoumon and bishydroxycoumarin. The role of age, but not of moderate hypertension, as a risk factor was confirmed. A probable adverse interaction of the anticoagulant and other drugs was found in 37.5% of the situations in which an interaction could be expected according to the literature.
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PMID:Problems encountered in long-term treatment with anticoagulants. 98 9

Factors involved in the development of coronary atherosclerosis and the possible role of estrogens in its development are discussed. Risk factors in the development of atherosclerosis include hyperlipemia, hypertension, cigarette smoking, and diabetes. However, the incidence of heart disease and presence of risk factors are also related to heredity, geography, and socioeconomic conditions, and to diet, exercise, and emotional stress. Contrary to previous belief, high doses of estrogens aggravate the condition of men and menopausal women at risk of heart attack. Although estrogens do not markedly alter cholesterol levels, they do tend to elevate triglyceride levels and contribute to hyperlipemia. They are also associated with diabotegenic sequelae and hypertension. Pregnancy and estrogens increase blood clotting Factors VII and X, accelerate prothrombin time, shorten clotting time, and incre ase platelef aggregation. Further research into the role of estrogens in the development of atherosclerosis is recommended.
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PMID:Estrogens and atherosclerosis. 99 76

Histiocytosis X describes a disease characterized by histiocytic infiltration of the reticuloendothelial system, skin, bones, and pituitary gland. The disseminated form frequently occurs in infants and children. Chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis in this disorder. Sixty-three per cent of survivors, however, have some residual disability related to fibrosis of tissues previously infiltrated by histiocytes. In instances of liver involvement, healing by fibrosis may result in cirrhosis with portal hypertension and bleeding esophageal varices. Clinical findings include hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, ascites, hypoalbuminemia, prolonged prothrombin time, and Bromsulphalein retention. Histologic examination of the liver shows a characteristic dense "macronodular" periportal cirrhotic pattern. Three children with portal hypertension and bleeding varices due to healed histiocytosis X were sucessfully managed by portosystemic shunt procedures. Portacaval, mesocaval, and central splenorenal shunts were equally effective in relieving poral hypertension. These children had neither recurrence of bleeding nor evidence of encephalopathy. Two children remain well whereas in one patient a primary hepatoma developed fourteen years posthung and he died of pulmonary metastases. Portosystemic shunt procedures effectively relieve the threat of potentially fatal variceal hemorrhage and improve the opportunity for long-term survival in children with cirrhosis and portal hypertension due to healed histiocytosis X.
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PMID:Portal hypertension in infants and children with histiocytosis X. 108 50

In the years 1986-1987, the blood viscosity factor, the content of haemoglobin in erythrocytes, the concentration of glucose in blood, the lipids and the blood coagulation system were examined in 180 subjects. They were divided into three groups according to the exposure to risk factors: group performing light manual work (L), group performing hard manual work (C) and group of engine drivers (M). No statistically significant differences in regard to age, employment period, number of cigarettes smoked, as well as arterial systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found between the subjects. Workers from group M had the highest body weight (P > 99%) and increased concentration in blood of triglycerides (P > 99% and Apo B (P > 99%. Subjects from group C had the lowest concentration of cholesterol in blood (P > 99%) and the smallest number of members with hypertensions (3.8%) and overweight (7.5%). Group L included the highest percentage of persons with arterial hypertension (17.5%), the highest, among all examined, blood viscosity factor determined at the coagulation rate of 18.6 s-1, and the lowest prothrombin factor (P > 99%).
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PMID:[Blood viscosity factor in persons with high and low risk of ischemic heart disease]. 130 May 73


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