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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and apo B-100 were examined in 378 aging males for studying the relationship of apolipoprotein to cardiovascular diseases. The results showed that apo A-I and apo B-100 were 148 +/- 30 mg/dl, 97.3 +/- 28 mg/dl in the healthy aged subjects. Patients with CHD had the higher level of apo B-100 (P < 0.01) than the controls. Apolipoprotein A-I was decreased (P < 0.05), but apo B-100 was increased (P < 0.01) in the patients with hypertension which indicated that the change of apolipoprotein could be a factor for patients with hypertension and sensitive to CHD. There were a positive correlation between apo B-100 and apo A-I cholesterol contents (r = 0.22, P < 0.05) as well as a negative correlation between apo A-I and fibrinogen (r = -0.2, P < 0.05) contents. Our data suggested that a higher content of apo A-I and lower content of apo B-100 might serve as the protective factors for CHD.
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PMID:[The relationship of apolipoprotein A-I and B-100 to cardiovascular diseases in aging males]. 776 18

Apolipoproteins A-1 and B concentration were measured in 201 Indian patients (32 females; 169 males) undergoing elective diagnostic coronary arteriography in order to assess the predictive power of apolipoproteins as a 'marker' of coronary artery disease (CAD). This association was also compared to that of other traditional risk factors: age, hypertension, diabetes, family history, smoking and plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low and high density lipoproteins. The apolipoprotein (Apo) A-1 levels averaged 82.9 +/- 18.9 mg/dl in the normal coronary group (n = 43) and 76.0 +/- 18.1 mg/dl in the group with coronary artery disease (n = 158). The average Apo B levels in the normal coronary group and coronary artery disease group were 67.8 +/- 17.7 mg/dl and 78.9 +/- 19.5 mg/dl, respectively. Overall Apo B and triglyceride levels (of all lipid measures) showed larger univariate difference between the normal group (no coronary artery disease) and the group with coronary artery disease. The variable with strongest predictive power for coronary artery disease was the ratio of Apo A-1 to Apo B. These findings were confirmed using multiple logistic regression analysis adjusting for age and other traditional risk factors. Our results indicate that the measurement of apolipoproteins A-1 and B provide a better marker for predicting the presence of coronary artery disease as compared to traditional lipid measures. Overall the levels of these apolipoproteins seem to be lower in Indian population as compared to those reported from the West.
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PMID:Plasma levels of apolipoproteins A-1 and B in Indian patients with angiographically defined coronary artery disease. 781 63

Relationships between plasma lipoproteins and cerebrovascular atherosclerosis are not completely clear. In a group of asymptomatic nondiabetic normolipidemic subjects, plasma lipid and apolipoprotein profiles have been related to extracranial carotid atherosclerotic lesions, as assessed by B-mode ultrasonography and independent relations between lipid and clinical parameters and carotid atherosclerosis have been evaluated. We have found that subjects with atherosclerotic lesions (both intimal thickening or plaque) had TG levels and CHO/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios significantly higher and HDL-C and apo A-I levels significantly lower in comparison with subjects with normal arteries. When patients were divided according to the lesions of carotid arteries subjects with atherosclerotic plaque presented HDL-C and apo A-I levels significantly reduced and TG and apo B levels and CHO/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios significantly increased in comparison with subjects with normal arteries, and HDL-C levels reduced and CHO/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios increased in comparison with subjects with intimal thickening. Patients with intimal thickening and normal subjects differed for HDL-C and TG levels and CHO/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios. At multivariate analysis HDL-C levels (negatively), age, hypertension and cigarette smoking (positively) resulted independently associated with cerebrovascular atherosclerosis. Our data seem to show that, although several lipid and apoprotein abnormalities are able to initiate the atherosclerotic process in extracranial carotid district, probably the presence of low HDL-cholesterol levels is an important condition to determine the further worsening of the lesions.
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PMID:Apo-lipoprotein profile in subjects with extracranial carotid atherosclerosis. 782 98

The effects of monatepil, a new calcium antagonist with alpha 1-blocking activity, and nitrendipine on lipoprotein and carbohydrate metabolism in 86 patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension were examined in a randomized, open-label, multicenter (32 hospitals) study. Thirty-nine patients treated with monatepil and 33 patients treated with nitrendipine completed the 12-week study. Monatepil and nitrendipine each significantly decreased both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Changes in heart rate were not seen in either group. Monatepil administration significantly decreased total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, the LDL cholesterol to high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio, apolipoprotein (Apo) B levels, and HbA1c levels, whereas no changes in these measurements were observed in nitrendipine-treated patients. Monatepil also significantly decreased lipoprotein(a) levels, but there were no significant changes in HDL cholesterol, Apo-AI, or Apo-E levels. After nitrendipine treatment, the C peptide concentration decreased significantly, although no significant changes were observed in fasting blood glucose or immunoreactive insulin levels. On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that monatepil belongs to a new class of antihypertensive calcium antagonist with favorable carbohydrate metabolism and lipid-lowering activity, although the clinical importance of these findings has not been established.
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PMID:Comparative effects of monatepil, a novel calcium antagonist with alpha 1-adrenergic-blocking activity, and nitrendipine on lipoprotein and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with hypertension. 782 67

Plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins were assessed in three groups of Nigerians at increased risk for atherosclerotic heart disease. The three patient groups, diabetes mellitus (n = 15), essential hypertension (n = 12), and hypertensive-diabetes mellitus (n = 11), were compared with age-matched, apparently healthy controls (n = 14). In subjects with diabetes mellitus, triglyceride and its related apolipoproteins CIII and CIII:NonB were significantly higher than controls. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower; its related ratios, total/HDL-C and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C were significantly higher than those for controls. Subjects with hypertension and hypertensive-diabetes mellitus had significantly higher values than controls for those lipids and lipid fractions considered atherogenic (total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglyceride, and the total/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios) as well as apolipoproteins B, CIII, and lipoprotein particles Lp(a) and CIII:NonB. Only hypertensive-diabetes mellitus subjects had lower HDL-C levels, while hypertension patients had significantly higher apolipoprotein AI and LpAI concentrations than controls. Subjects with hypertensive-diabetes mellitus had significantly worse lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein profiles both in terms of increased atherogenic and reduced anti-atherogenic parameters compared with subjects with diabetes mellitus or hypertension only. These studies suggest that Nigerians with diabetes, hypertension, and especially both hypertension and diabetes need to be fully evaluated from a lipid and lipoprotein standpoint, and any abnormalities detected need to be taken into consideration during therapy of this group of high-risk patients.
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PMID:Plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in Nigerian diabetes mellitus, essential hypertension, and hypertensive-diabetic patients. 789 82

Obesity frequently clusters with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease with hyperinsulinemia as syndrome X. Although central obesity has been recognized to have a strong genetic component, few candidate genes have been studied in this disorder. After a recently described association between the apolipoprotein-D (Apo-D) gene polymorphism and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus by our group, we have now looked at a TaqI polymorphism of the Apo-D gene in two other components of syndrome X, namely obesity and hyperinsulinemia. Apo-D genotype differences were found between obese subjects (n = 57) and slim controls (n = 57; P = 0.006). Furthermore, in the obese group an association was found between the Apo-D genotype and fasting insulin (P < 0.001). Preliminary evidence, therefore, suggests that the TaqI Apo-D polymorphism can be used as a genetic marker for obesity and several components of syndrome X.
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PMID:Apolipoprotein-D polymorphism: a genetic marker for obesity and hyperinsulinemia. 791 35

Cardiovascular disease is two to three times more common in diabetic patients than in the non-diabetic population. Although risk factors that affect the general population such as age, cigarette smoking, hypertension, obesity and hypercholesterolaemia also affect diabetic subjects, the increased prevalence of hypertension and obesity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) only partially explains the increased morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD). Other factors must therefore be considered in this group of patients. Triglyceride concentrations, particularly post-prandial levels, may be important. Diabetic subjects have increased very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL), increased intermediate-density-lipoprotein (IDL) and low high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations, and differences in lipoprotein composition may partly explain increased atherogenesis. Although LDL levels of diabetic patients are not different from those of control subjects. LDL particles are potentially atherogenic as they are smaller, more dense and prone to oxidative modification. NIDDM subjects also have altered apolipoprotein concentrations, including increased apoB, apoC-III, and decreased apoA-I; in addition, apoE-2 may be over-represented in diabetic populations. Thus, apart from the traditional risk factors, there are several lipoprotein compositional abnormalities that may contribute to the increased prevalence of CHD in diabetes.
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PMID:The contribution of lipids to coronary heart disease in diabetes mellitus. 798 7

A randomized double-blind trial comparing the alpha-adrenergic blocker doxazosin and the beta-adrenergic blocker atenolol was completed by 131 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Blood pressure and fasting blood lipids were determined at baseline and 4, 12, and 24 weeks of treatment. At entry, plasma lipids and lipoproteins were similar in those patients randomized to doxazosin or atenolol. After 24 weeks of treatment with atenolol, there were significant (P < .05) decreases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and increases in triglycerides and very-low-density triglycerides (VLDL-T). In contrast, doxazosin was associated with significant (P < .05) increases in HDL-C and decreases in triglycerides and VLDL-T. There were no significant differences in HDL apolipoprotein (apo) A-I or low-density lipoprotein apoB between the drugs, but atenolol decreased the ratio of HDL-C to apoA-I, and doxazosin increased this ratio, differences that were statistically significant (P < .002). Neither apoA-I nor apoB concentration at baseline nor apoE phenotype was predictive of the lipid responses during antihypertensive treatment with either drug. Thus, there are significant favorable changes in HDL-C, total triglycerides, and VLDL-T between patients with mild to moderate hypertension and normal plasma lipids when treated with the alpha-blocker doxazosin compared with the beta-blocker atenolol. Plasma lipid or apo concentrations were not predictive of their lipid response during antihypertensive therapy with either of these agents.
Hypertension 1994 Aug
PMID:Lipids and lipoproteins during antihypertensive drug therapy. Comparison of doxazosin and atenolol in a randomized, double-blind trial: the Alpha Beta Canada Study. 803 50

A point mutation in the apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) gene causing autosomal dominant non-neuropathic systemic amyloidosis is described in a previously unreported Canadian family of British origin with five affected individuals in three generations. Amyloid deposits in the renal biopsy from the proband, a 31-year-old female presenting with hypertension and renal failure, stained immunospecifically with antiserum to apoAI. The plasma of all family members with amyloidosis contained both wild-type apoAI and a variant bearing one additional positive charge. Sequencing of the apoAI gene demonstrated that the proband was a heterozygote for a single base substitution in exon 3, changing codon 26 from GGC(Gly) to CGC(Arg). Concordance of the mutant allele with the presence of variant plasma apoAI and clinical features of amyloidosis was demonstrated. This is the third family in which this amyloidotic mutation has been described, but the distribution of amyloid deposits and their clinical effects are clearly determined by other genetic and/or environmental factors.
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PMID:Familial nephropathic systemic amyloidosis caused by apolipoprotein AI variant Arg26. 820 2

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a new selective alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blocker doxazosin on blood pressure, serum lipids and lipoproteins in patients with essential hypertension. The study was done in 32 out-patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension (22 men and 10 women, mean age 45.6 +/- 10.1). After 2-week placebo period the patients were given doxazosin in increasing doses from 1 to 8 mg daily for 6 to 14 weeks (mean daily dose 2.24 +/- 1.6 mg). Twenty-nine patients completed the study. The active treatment caused highly significant drop in systolic and diastolic blood pressure both in supine and standing positions. No orthostatic hypertension was noted. There was also a statistically significant decrease in serum total cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels and increase in the positive prognostic lipid indicators. HDL3-cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI levels as well as HDL/total cholesterol ratio. Accordingly, the statistically significant decrease of the so called atherogenic index was noted. The drug was well tolerated and only one patient dropped from the study because of side effects. The authors conclude that doxazosin appears to be an effective and well tolerated antihypertensive drug with a favorable effect on lipid metabolism. It may be particularly useful in hypertensive patients with coexisting lipid abnormalities.
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PMID:[Doxazosin (alpha 1-adrenoreceptor antagonist) used in primary hypertension and it's beneficial effect on lipid metabolism]. 823 Sep 80


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