Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dysfunction of the pulmonary endothelium is associated with most lung diseases. Extracellular nucleotides modulate a plethora of endothelial functions in the lung such as vessel integrity, vasodilatation, inflammatory, and thrombotic responses as well as survival and DNA repair, mostly via Ca²⁺ signaling pathways. However, a comprehensive analysis of the molecular components of the underlying P2 receptor-mediated Ca²⁺ signaling pathways in the lung has not been conducted so far. Therefore, our aim was to identify the principal P2 receptor Ca²⁺ signalosome in the human pulmonary endothelium and investigate potential dysregulation in pulmonary vascular disease. Comparative transcriptomics and quantitative immunohistochemistry were performed on publicly available RNA sequencing and protein datasets to identify the specific expression profile of the P2-receptor Ca²⁺ signalosome in the healthy human pulmonary endothelium and endothelial cells (EC) dysfunctional due to loss of or defective bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR2). Functional expression of signalosome components was tested by single cell Ca²⁺ imaging. Comparative transcriptome analysis of 11 endothelial cell subtypes revealed a specific P2 receptor Ca²⁺ signalosome signature for the pulmonary endothelium. Pulmonary endothelial expression of the most abundantly expressed Ca²⁺ toolkit genes CALM1, CALM2, VDAC1, and GNAS was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). P2RX1, P2RX4, P2RY6, and P2YR11 showed strong lung endothelial staining by IHC, P2X5, and P2Y1 were found to a much lesser extent. Very weak or no signals were detected for all other P2 receptors. Stimulation of human pulmonary artery (HPA) EC by purine nucleotides ATP, ADP, and AMP led to robust intracellular Ca²⁺ signals mediated through both P2X and P2Y receptors. Pyrimidine UTP and UDP-mediated Ca²⁺ signals were generated almost exclusively by activation of P2Y receptors. HPAEC made dysfunctional by siRNA-mediated BMPR2 depletion showed downregulation of 18 and upregulation of 19 P2 receptor Ca²⁺ signalosome genes including PLCD4, which was found to be upregulated in iPSC-EC from BMPR2-mutant patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. In conclusion, the human pulmonary endothelium expresses a distinct functional subset of the P2 receptor Ca²⁺ signalosome. Composition of the P2 receptor Ca²⁺ toolkit in the pulmonary endothelium is susceptible to genetic disturbances likely contributing to an unfavorable pulmonary disease phenotype found in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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PMID:The P2-receptor-mediated Ca²⁺ signalosome of the human pulmonary endothelium - implications for pulmonary arterial hypertension. 3139 38

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