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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary hyperaldosteronism usually causes moderate hypertension. It is rare to note as in our two patients intermittent attacks of paroxysmal hypertension. The diagnosis of aldosteronism will be suspected on the finding of persistent hypokalemia with acidosis. It will be confirmed by laboratory examinations severe fall in plasma renin activity and rise in aldosterone in the adrenal veins. To determine the affected side, one may carry out adrenal phlebography which is a difficult technic, and/or a scan using iodine cholesterol which is benign and precise. Surgery with removal of the adenomatous hyperplasia in one case and of an adenoma in the other, gave one very good result.
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PMID:[Primary hyperaldosteronism with paroxysmal arterial hypertension. Apropos of 2 operated cases]. 20 43

The validity of noninvasive (iodine-131 iodohippurate renogram, iodine-131 ortho-iodohippurate clearance, indium-113m EDTA--technetium-99m DTPA sequential renal scan) and invasive (xenon-133 washout) radionuclide screening tests was evaluated in the diagnosis of 105 patients with unilateral renovascular hypertension (RVH) and in 45 patients with essential hypertension (EH). In RVH positive findings on the stenosed side were noted in 73% of renograms, 73% of o-iodohippurate-clearance tests (N = 22), 81% of sequential renal scans, and 90% of xenon-washout studies (N = 67). In a subgroup of 55 retrospectively selected patients with normal or improved blood pressure following renovascular surgery, the preoperative findings had been positive on the stenosed side in 78% of renograms, 75% of o-iodohippurate-clearance tests (n = 20), 85% of sequential renal scans, and 93% of xenon-washout studies (n = 23). The sequential renal scan appears to be a sufficiently reliable method in noninvasive screening for unilateral RVH, although invasive xenon-washout studies show a higher percentage of hemodynamic alterations in the stenosed kidney. o-iodohippurate clearance tests, and in particular xenon-washout studies, can reveal arteriosclerotic lesions in the contralateral, non-stenosed kidney, which may be of importance when the decision for renovascular surgery is pending.
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PMID:Predictive value of radionuclide methods in the diagnosis of unilateral renovascular hypertension. 43 31

With computed tomography, dilated tortuous carotid and/or basilar arteries appear as tubular, fusiform or ring-shaped densities on the non-enhanced scan, or they may only be apparent after iodine injection. They can be differentiated by their shape and anatomic location. They may be multiple and are mostly seen in patients with a long history of atherosclerosis and hypertension.
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PMID:Cerebral aterial ectasia on computed tomography. 51 4

Iodine metabolism and thyroid hormones in blood were studied in 19 men and 11 women who had been treated with thiazides for arterial hypertension from 1 month to 15 years. The results were compared with the findings from age-matched normal controls. No differences were found regarding 24-h 131I-thyroid uptake, thyroid iodide clearance, renal iodide clearance, plasma inorganic iodide, absolute iodine uptake (AIU), serum thyroxine (T4 (D)), resin T3 test (T3U) and TSH after TRH. Twenty-four-hour urinary iodine was higher in the patients treated with diuretics which could be explained by increased iodine intake. The findings of increased serum triiodothyronine (T3 (RIA)) and reverse T3 (rT3) might be due to changes in distribution volume in the thiazide-treated patients. Long-term treatment with thiazides in man do not lead to iodine depletion.
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PMID:Influence of thiazides on thyroid parameters in man. 71 75

The authors consider that attention should be paid to the arterial time in intravenous pyelography in all patients who undergo the examination. Manual injection or an injector containing 80 to 100 ml of 38% iodine contrast medium set at a speed of 20 ml/sec, on the one hand, and films taken during the arterial phase on the other hand, are the two conditions necessary to obtain a satisfactory arteriogram. Slight abdominal compression and subtraction improve the definition of the films. 600 cases have been collected so far, in the exploration of 105 patients with hypertension, 17 cysts, 7 malignant tumours, extra-renal pathology and various nephropathies in which no indication for arteriography existed. Thus pyelographic arteriography made it possible to avoid renal arteriograms in almost all our patients. Only one selective and one complete arteriogram were necessary. Unusual arterial lesions in nonsurgical renal conditions may be seen (glomerulonephritis, nephroangiosclerosis...) and unexpected images in abdominal conditions with renal manifestations or in association with nephropathies (aneurysms of digestive arteries and the aorta, collagen diseases etc.).
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PMID:[Arterial time of intravenous pyelography: initial results (author's transl)]. 79 61

A recently developed 1-day screening procedure for angiotensinogenic ("high-renin") hypertension is based on (A) a fall in blood pressure in response to intravenous infusion of the angiotensin antagonist, saralasin (P-113), and (B) peripheral venous renin assays by radioimmunoassay, in a sodium-depleted state. Out of 700 hypertensive patients screened by these tests, 160 had renal imaging performed with technetium-99m glucoheptonate and iodine-131 Hippuran. The P-113 infusion test proved superior to peripheral venous renin assays for the detection of angiotensinogenic hypertension. Positive infusion tests correlated well with renal vein renin assays. Frequently, however, both these tests were positive with bilateral renal disease and/or malignant hypertension. While renal imaging proved valuable in indicating which patients had a unilateral abnormality, it frequently could not distinguish unilateral renovascular disease from unilateral parenchymal disease unrelated to angiotensinogenic hypertension. Twenty-five patients in this series had arteriographic renal artery stenosis, of whom 3 had false negative P-113 infusion tests, 9 had negative peripheral renin assays, and 3 had no imaging abnormalities. This study indicates that scintigraphy is a useful procedure for the investigation of hypertensive patients when the initial P-113 infusion test is positive, or discordant with other findings. By imaging, angiotensinogenic hypertension due to bilateral renal disease can be distinguished from unilateral renovascular disease, and the site of the ischemic renal tissue can usually be identified.
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PMID:Diagnosis of angiotensinogenic hypertension: the complementary roles of renal scintigraphy and the saralasin infusion test. 87 45

A woman with a benign tumor of the left adrenal cortex had a six-year history of hypertension. Serum potassium level and plasma renin activity were low. Plasma aldosterone and cortisol levels were low normal, and plasma desoxycorticosterone (DOC) level was extremely high. Iodine 131-labeled cholesterol accumulated in the tumor in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. At laparotomy, a benign adrenal tumor was excised; thereafter, the blood pressure and plasma DOC levels returned to normal. We believe that this is the first case of a benign DOC-producing adrenal tumor.
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PMID:Benign desoxycorticosterone-producing adrenal tumor. 98 80

The effect of local iodine-bromine baths at the early stage of health-resort treatment on the main values of the cardio-vascular system was studied in patients suffering of myocardial infarction with arterial hypertension. It was established that local iodine-bromine baths produce a more integrative effects on the cardiovascular system than drugs. They favour the arterial pressure reduction, increase of physical working capacity, normalization of the parameters of central hemodynamics.
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PMID:[The use of local iodobromine baths in the early sanatorium rehabilitation of myocardial infarct patients with arterial hypertension]. 136 22

The postphlebitic syndrome is a significant management problem that affects a large number of patients. Primary prophylaxis of deep-vein thrombophlebitis would reduce the risk of developing the postphlebitic syndrome and should be considered in high-risk patients. Patients who have had a phlebitis should be monitored with noninvasive tests of the deep venous circulation for the development of venous valve incompetence. Patients with venous hypertension should be placed in compression stockings to prevent the postphlebitic syndrome. In patients who progress to venous ulceration, several aggressive measures must be undertaken. Systemic treatment includes management of obesity, edema, immobility, poor nutrition, and comorbid illnesses. Some patients may require a short hospitalization of bed rest, lower limb elevation, and daily dressings and wound care. Outpatient therapy requires sustained compression of 35 to 40 mmHg at the ankle for many months to allow the ulcer to heal. The standard bandage material is Unna's boots, which is applied every one to two weeks by a trained nurse. Cadexomer iodide is an effective local treatment that helps debride the ulcer and accelerate healing. Finally, pentoxifylline therapy has also been shown to significantly improve the healing of venous ulcers.
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PMID:Contemporary treatment of venous lower limb ulcers. 147 73

Pheochromocytoma was the cause of arterial hypertension observed in 0.9% of children treated in 1982-1989. Out of clinical features the most characteristic was sustained hypertension often complicated by the accelerated phase of malignant hypertension and encephalopathy. Sustained tachycardia was also found in all patients. Increased urinary excretion of catecholamines and its metabolites confirmed the diagnosis in all cases. The most sensitive and specific methods for tumor diagnosis were ultrasonography and computer tomography of the adrenals while scintigraphy with meta-iodobenzylguanidine+ labelled with iodine-131 radioisotope gave a high percentage of false negative results.
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PMID:[Difficulties in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma in children]. 148 33


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