Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Erythrocyte ouabain-sensitive 86rubidium uptake (as an index of Na+,K+-ATPase activity) as well as passive sodium uptake were measured in a group of young men in response to drinking either nonalcoholic beer (as a control) or the same drink with alcohol (1 ml/kg) added. Plasma alcohol concentration rose to 16.7 mM within 70 min of commencement of drinking. There was no change in uptake of 86rubidium or sodium after 60 min in either the alcohol or control studies. There was a late increase in plasma sodium levels 90 min after alcohol ingestion, attributed to fluid volume contraction following diuresis. In contrast, plasma potassium levels fell after alcohol ingestion. This was associated with a decrease in urinary potassium excretion, hence ascribed to an intracellular shift of potassium ions, a change inconsistent with NA+,K+-ATPase inhibition. It is concluded that acute moderate doses of alcohol do not influence NA+,K+-ATPase activity or passive sodium uptake in circulating erythrocytes. Unless vascular smooth muscle is more sensitive to the effects of alcohol in vitro, these findings make it less likely that inhibition of NA+,K+-ATPase mediates alcohol-related hypertension in man.
J Stud Alcohol 1986 Nov
PMID:Lack of effect of acute alcohol ingestion on erythrocyte Na+, K+ -ATPase activity or passive sodium uptake in vivo in man. 302 22

Endoxin is an endogenous substance known to participate in the regulation of the sodium balance and hypertension. Its chemical nature remains elusive. Based on its capacity to specifically bind to Na-K ATPase receptors we describe a receptor assay for its measurement in human urine. The endoxin was extracted by methanol and desalted on a silicagel column with a mixture of chloroform-ethanol. Calibration curves have been established by the transformation of the weight of crude extract in actual content of active material expressed in nmol/l as calculated from Scatchard plots analysis. Normal values are given for subjects on regular salt diet. Changes in endoxin urinary elimination after an oral salt load are outlined.
 ...
PMID:A receptor binding assay for endoxin in human urine. 303 Feb 91

Under ultrasound guidance, we treated 25 cases of renal cyst with 99% ethanol instillation to prevent the recurrence of this disease from January 1985 to June 1987. Patients' age was from 17 to 85 years old with the average age of 63 years. Twelve cases were men, and 13 cases were women. Among the 25 cases, eleven were asymptomatic and 14 showed clinical features of lumbago, microhematuria, hypertension or proteinuria. The aspirated site was the right side in 9, left side in 14 and bilateral kidneys in 2 cases. Subsequently, cyst puncture was carried out 27 times. We encountered 12 complications following puncture. These complications were derived from the puncture itself or caused by the ethanol instillation. Flank pain caused by the injection of ethanol, nausea, causalgia or a feeling of drunkenness appeared immediately after the inoculation procedure. However, no serious complications such as pneumothorax, perirenal hematoma or infection were recognized. Some complications arose in 7 cases of 9 examples (77.8%) following more than 50 ml of ethanol injection, but the complications were observed in only 5 cases of 18 examples (22.8%) following less than 50 ml of administration. Based on these findings, ethanol injection in renal cysts appears to be useful for the treatment of this disease. In case of huge cysts when more than 50 ml of ethanol, is instilled the case should be followed up carefully after the instillation procedure.
 ...
PMID:[Renal cyst puncture under ultrasound guidance: complications of ethanol injection]. 306 4

Although efficacious pharmacologic approaches to the control of high blood pressure are available, concern about risk versus benefit in the use of antihypertensive drug therapy for patients with mild hypertension has led to renewed interest in nonpharmacologic interventions. In the United States, the National High Blood Pressure Education Program, an organization comprised of research scientists and a variety of other professionals concerned with the control of high blood pressure has, through a consensus process, recommended some nonpharmacologic approaches to the treatment of hypertension. These include weight reduction for the obese, moderate sodium restriction (although this is controversial), and restriction of alcohol consumption to less than 1 oz of ethanol daily.
 ...
PMID:Nonpharmacologic treatment of hypertension in the United States. 307 82

We studied the effect of ethanol in vitro on the response of isolated rat aortas to phenylephrine and angiotensin II. We also examined the effect of chronic ethanol consumption on the phenylephrine response and the effect of ethanol in vitro on that response during the development of ethanol-induced hypertension. In acute experiments the depression of the phenylephrine dose-response produced by ethanol in vitro was greater than that for angiotensin II. Comparing the depression of these agonist dose-responses by ethanol to the depression by the receptor blockers, verapamil, prazosin and saralasin, suggests that ethanol may act like an alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker. During chronic ethanol consumption two opposing changes occurred: (1) desensitization to phenylephrine during weeks 6-18 and, (2) tolerance to depression by ethanol in vitro during weeks 4-10. These opposing changes may cancel each other which suggests that the hypertension due to chronic ethanol consumption is probably not due to an action of ethanol on the vasculature.
 ...
PMID:Effect of acute and chronic ethanol on the agonist responses of vascular smooth muscle. 320 35

In a patient with idiopatic massive renal bleeding in which dominant abnormal findings could not be identified even by various diagnostic imaging methods, we selectively infused absolute ethanol and a stainless steel coil into one of the renal arteries to stop bleeding. CT two weeks after arterial embolization revealed the infarcted area in the lower pole of kidney. There was no evidence of hypertension or renal failure secondary to artificial renal infarction.
 ...
PMID:Interventional angiographic partial nephrectomy for idiopathic massive renal bleeding. 321 15

Alcohol consumption practice was studied by a method of interview in an unorganized male population aged 40 to 59 investigated by a program of multifactorial CHD prevention. The frequency of spreading of this habit and its intensity were determined. The frequency of alcohol consumption was decreased with age and was associated with the examinees' educational level. Persons consuming alcohol more frequently had raised arterial hypertension and smoked. These factors increased the risk of CHD development which was confirmed by a 5-year prospective study of mortality. Alcohol abusers were characterized by higher rates of general mortality, including that from cardiovascular diseases, traumas and accidents, in particular, alcoholic intoxication.
 ...
PMID:[Alcohol consumption habits in a population of 40- to 59-year-old men and its prognostic value in relation to mortality]. 322 30

The personality trait of alexithymia was assessed in 100 male inpatients with alcohol dependence using the Schaling-Sifneos Personality Scale. The score indicative of alexithymia (below 50 points) was found in 78 patients, a prevalence which exceeds that found in psychosomatic subjects. Patients with alexithymia did not differ from non-alexithymics in regard to demographic factors and severity of alcohol dependence. They were younger and had a shorter duration of illness what may indicate that alexithymia is not a result of the dependence. Alcoholic patients with concomitant hypertension had greater alexithymic scores. It is hypothesized that psychological and biological features of alexithymic subjects may render them more vulnerable to alcohol and more prone to subsequent development of the dependence.
Drug Alcohol Depend 1988 May
PMID:High prevalence of alexithymia in male patients with alcohol dependence. 326 48

Arterial hypertension is the most important risk factor in all types of stroke. The significance of alcohol in the pathogenesis of stroke is less well defined. Chronic alcoholism leads to an elevation of blood pressure. Thus, the association between alcohol and stroke might be the blood pressure effect of alcohol. However, some studies have shown a significant influence of alcohol on the incidence of stroke--especially of intracerebral haemorrhage and subarachnoid haemorrhage--even after adjustment for blood pressure. Many possible pathomechanisms are discussed. Alcohol inhibits aggregation of thrombocytes, and chronic alcohol abuse may induce thrombocytopenia, which could lead to a haemorrhagic stroke. Alcohol withdrawal leads to rebound thrombocytosis. Acute alcohol ingestion induces a decrease in fibrinolytic activity and an increase in factor VIII activity, which enhances the thrombotic potential. Additionally, alcohol increases plasma osmolarity, erythrocyte aggregability, haematocrit and blood viscosity, and decreases deformability of erythrocytes. The effects of alcohol on cerebral blood flow are still under debate; there is a deterioration in autoregulation of cerebral blood flow anyway. In animal studies alcohol induced dose-dependent vasospasm of the cerebral blood vessels, which could be a possible pathomechanism in ischaemic, as well as in haemorrhagic stroke. Chronic alcoholism is the most common cause of secondary non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, which can lead to cerebral embolism via rhythm disorders or intracardiac thrombus formation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Does alcohol consumption promote the manifestation of strokes? Considerations on pathophysiology]. 328 8

Although it has been known for many years that prolonged ingestion of ethanol may be associated with numerous side effects, among them cardiovascular alterations, e.g., hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, strokes, and cardiomyopathy, a direct cause and effect between alcohol and injury to the cardiovascular system has only been accepted recently. However, what mechanism is responsible for these cardiovascular alterations remains to be determined. Since it is well known that chronic alcohol consumption leads to hypophosphatemia and hypomagnesemia, we designed experiments to determine if controlled depletion of either phosphorous or magnesium (Mg2+) lead, in themselves, to cardiovascular disturbances and what effects these mineral depletions exert on myocardial cellular bioenergetics. Biochemical studies were carried out on left ventricular muscle, including mitochondrial and myofibrillar preparations. With respect to phosphate depletion, myocardial creatine phosphate, ATP, and ADP levels were reduced. Phosphate depletion also reduced mitochondrial and myofibrillar creatine phosphokinase activities; significant alterations in mitochondrial oxygen consumption, acid-extractable phospholipid precursors, and mitochondrial oxidation of long chain fatty acids were noted. With respect to magnesium depletion, significant reductions in inorganic oxygen consumption was also reduced. Utilizing these data, we have proposed several schemes for possible alcoholic-induced myocardial and vascular injury.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1987 Apr
PMID:Hypophosphatemia and hypomagnesemia result in cardiovascular dysfunction: theoretical basis for alcohol-induced cellular injury. 329 28


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10