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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty patients (25 Blacks and 25 Indians) suffering from mild-to-moderate hypertension (supine diastolic blood pressure 100 - 105 mmHg) were studied in order to compare the antihypertensive effect of a combination of a beta-blocker (sotalol hydrochloride 160 mg/d) plus a thiazide derivative (hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg/d) ( Sotazide ; B-M) with that of a combination of reserpine 0,1 mg/d ( Serpasil ; Ciba) plus hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg/d ( Dichlotride ; Frosst MSD). The combination of reserpine plus hydrochlorothiazide was found to be as effective as that of sotalol plus hydrochlorothiazide in lowering the blood pressure in both the Black and the Indian patients. Two patients taking the combination containing reserpine developed side-effects, but this did not occur in any of those taking the combination containing sotalol. We feel that in developing countries, where the cost of therapy is important, reserpine in a dosage of less than 0,1 mg/d plus a thiazide derivative in low dosage is preferable to a beta-blocker plus a thiazide derivative in the treatment of hypertension.
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PMID:Reserpine plus hydrochlorothiazide and sotalol plus hydrochlorothiazide in Black and Indian hypertensive patients. 637 31

The treatment of hypertension has failed to achieve a reduction of the incidence of coronary heart disease. Recently, attention has been drawn to the effects of antihypertensive drugs on the metabolism of lipoproteins. Of the beta-blockers only pindolol was lipid neutral while propranolol, atenolol and oxprenolol lowered cholesterol and increased serum triglycerides. Hydrochlorothiazide did not influence blood lipids. Prazosin lowered serum LDL + VLDL cholesterol and total triglycerides. The combination of pindolol + prazosin lowered LDL + VLDL cholesterol and increased triglycerides. Propranolol + prazosin lowered HDL cholesterol, methyldopa + hydrochlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide + amiloride had no effect on blood lipids.
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PMID:Blood lipids and antihypertensive drugs. The Oslo study. 663 18

Thirty-seven patients (19 Blacks and 18 Indians) suffering from mild hypertension were given each of five diuretics separately for 4 weeks after a 'washout' period on placebo of the same duration. The diuretics used were hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg/d (Dichlotride; Frosst MSD), hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg plus triamterene 50 mg (Dyazide; SKF) 1 tablet per day, amiloride hydrochloride 5 mg plus hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg (Moduretic; MSD) 1 tablet per day, chlorthalidone (Hygroton; Geigy) 50 mg/d and indapamide (Natrilix; Servier) 2.5 mg/d. The study showed that during the acute phase of diuretic therapy for the treatment of hypertension plasma potassium levels were decreased by thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics and increased by potassium-sparing diuretics. However, despite the decrease in plasma potassium levels produced by thiazide diuretics and indapamide these levels did not fall to 3.0 mmol/l or less. All the diuretics were effective in lowering the standing mean arterial pressure when compared with placebo values. In the absence of significant hypokalaemia, the choice of a diuretic for the Black hypertensive patient should therefore be determined by its cost.
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PMID:Biochemical changes in black and Indian hypertensive patients on diuretic therapy. 664 35

We compared hydrochlorothiazide and propranolol hydrochloride for monotherapy of hypertension by a double-blind study of 683 men who were titrated to less than 90 mm Hg diastolic BP or to 640 mg of propranolol or 200 mg of hydrochlorothiazide. Propranolol reduced systolic BP from 146.0 +/- 14.4 (SD) to 134.8 +/- 16.3 mm Hg and diastolic BP from 101.6 +/- 4.6 to 90.5 +/- 7.5 mm Hg. Hydrochlorothiazide lowered both systolic BP more effectively from 146.5 +/- 15.8 to 128.8 +/- 12.2 mm Hg and diastolic BP from 101.3 +/- 4.5 to 89.4 +/- 6.5 mm Hg. In blacks, hydrochlorothiazide lowered systolic BP 20.3 +/- 14.3 mm Hg v 8.2 +/- 12.2 mm Hg for propranolol; hydrochlorothiazide reduced diastolic BP 13.0 +/- 7.0 mm Hg v 9.5 +/- 7.0 for propranolol. In whites, the systolic BP reductions were 15.3 +/- 12.0 mm Hg for hydrochlorothiazide v 13.2 +/- 13.1 mmn Hg for propranolol; diastolic BPs were 10.9 +/- 5.7 mm Hg for hydrochlorothiazide and 12.6 +/- 6.6 mm Hg for propranolol. In blacks treated with hydrochlorothiazide, 71.3% achieved diastolic BP of less than 90 mm Hg, v 53.5% with propranolol. There was no racial difference in dose response to propranolol, but blacks required much less hydrochlorothiazide to achieve control. We conclude that in this short-term study propranolol was as efficacious as hydrochlorothiazide in whites, but the latter was more effective than propranolol in blacks.
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PMID:Comparison of propranolol and hydrochlorothiazide for thr initial treatment of hypertension. I. Results of short-term titration with emphasis on racial differences in response. Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive agents. 675 Jan 66

The antihypertensive effect of once and twice daily hydrochlorothiazide administration was compared in 24 ambulatory patients with essential hypertension. Hydrochlorothiazide 100 mg daily taken as a single morning dose or as a twice daily divided dose was administered to 24 previously diagnosed hypertensive patients in a double-blind cross-over fashion for 12 weeks. No patient received other antihypertensive agents or medications known to influence blood pressure. Sitting and standing blood pressure, weight, pulse, tablet count, and subjective complaints of side effects were obtained at study weeks 3 and 6 on each treatment schedule. There was no significant difference between the mean sitting systolic (133 and 131 mm Hg) or diastolic (85 and 84 mm Hg) blood pressure measurements at study weeks 3 and 6 for each treatment schedule. Comparison of standing mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure produced similar results. Subjective complaints of medication side effects, including orthostasis or urinary frequency, did not differ between treatment schedules. This study suggests that hydrochlorothiazide may be effectively administered once daily for the treatment of hypertension.
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PMID:Antihypertensive effect of hydrochlorothiazide administered once or twice daily. 676 88

1 In a placebo-controlled study, the respective anti-hypertensive effects of hydrochlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide plus the beta-adrenoceptor blocker acebutolol were assessed in 18 patients with moderately severe essential hypertension. 2 Hydrochlorothiazide 100 mg daily decreased the mean supine blood pressures from 163/107 mmHg to 150/103 mmHg. Addition of acebutolol in a single-blind fashion in doses up to 800 mg daily reduced mean supine pressure to 137/95 mmHg. Further increases in acebutolol dosage to a maximum of 2000 mg daily in 13 patients whose hypertension was not well controlled on lower doses resulted in a mean supine blood pressure of 132/92 mmHg.
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PMID:Antihypertensive action of acebutolol (Sectral) when used concomitantly with hydrochlorothiazide. 705 18

Hydrochlorothiazide, a drug which is often initially prescribed for mild to moderate hypertension, failed to lower blood pressures in 9 of 43 patients but concomitantly elevated plasma norepinephrine (NE) levels in all patients with hypertension. The 9 obese hydrochlorothiazide-resistant patients were then given fenfluramine, an anorectic, in addition to the thiazide. They were reevaluated after 2 and 5 wk, at which times there were reductions in blood pressures and marked reductions in the plasma NE levels which had been elevated by the hydrochlorothiazide. Since iatrogenic sympathetic activation seems undesirable in treating hypertension, fenfluramine may be useful in obese thiazide-resistant hypertensive patients when used in combination with a thiazide diuretic.
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PMID:Fenfluramine potentiation of antihypertensive effects of thiazides. 738 51

This double-blind placebo-controlled study was designed to compare the efficacy of benazepril 10 mg (BZ 10) and the low-dose combination benazepril 5 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 6.25 mg (BZ + HCTZ) on exercise blood pressure in 71 patients with mild to moderate hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 95 to 114 mmHg at the end of a 2 week placebo run-in). A significant fall of systolic (SBF) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure at rest was seen after a 4-week treatment period in the two active groups (-21.9/-10.3 mmHg with BZ 10, -19.5/-11.2 mmHg with BZ + HCTZ) and was greater in these two groups than in the placebo group (-7.5/-2.5 mmHg, p < 0.01). For each level of the exercise test on bicycle ergometer, SBP falls seen after 1 month were significant in the two active groups (from -15 to -23 mmHg depending on the level and treatment group). The evolution of the SBP/heart rate slope was significantly different among the two active groups in favour of the BZ 10 regimen. The exercise test proved to be a valuable tool to show any difference between two treatments with comparable efficacy on SBP/DBP at rest.
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PMID:[Comparison of blood pressure profile during exercise with benazepril 10 mg and benazepril 5 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 6.25 mg fixed combination]. 748 86

The effect of 6 months of treatment with indapamide (IND, 2.5 mg/day) on regression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), an independent predictor of poor prognosis in hypertension, was compared by echocardiography to that of nifedipine (NFD, 40 mg/day), enalapril (ENL, 20 mg/day), atenolol (ATL, 100 mg/day), and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, 25 mg/day) in four parallel double-blind studies in 151 hypertensive patients with a diastolic blood pressure between 95 and 120 mm Hg and a raised left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (mg/m2) (Devereux). Patients were randomized to IND or comparator following a 2-week washout (1 month in the IND vs. ATL study). Respective baseline and 6-month LVMI values (mg/m2) were: IND (n = 20) vs. HCTZ (n = 20): 151.4 +/- 6.3 and 125.70 +/- 4.6 (p < 0.001) vs. 141.3 +/- 6.6 and 135.6 +/- 8.3 (p = N.S.); IND (n = 22) vs NFD (n = 19): 144.1 +/- 5.3 and 125.1 +/- 4.3 (p < 0.001) vs. 170.4 +/- 6.6 and 148.2 +/- 6.2 (p < 0.001); IND (n = 9) vs. ENL (n = 9): 155.1 +/- 6.3 and 143.4 +/- 5.2 (p < 0.001) vs. 142.0 +/- 6.7 and 130.0 +/- 5.9 (p < 0.001); IND (n = 17) vs. ATL (n = 12): 146.2 +/- 5.1 and 130.8 +/- 6.5 (p < 0.001) vs. 156.7 +/- 8.4 and 142.9 +/- 10.3 (p < 0.01). All drugs significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure, and all except HCTZ induced a significant and similar reduction in left ventricular mass.
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PMID:Indapamide reduces hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy: an international multicenter study. 750 55

Thirty-five patients with mild hypertension (WHO Class I) participated in a double-blind cross-over study involving two 8-week periods of treatment with cilazapril 2.5-5 mg once daily or hydrochlorothiazide 25-50 mg once daily, in each case preceded by a 4-week placebo period. Thirty-two patients completed the study, the aim of which was to compare the effects of the drugs on serum electrolyte levels, left ventricular mass and cardiac arrhythmias, as assessed by echocardiography and 48-h Holter monitoring. Both drugs significantly reduced systolic (P < 0.01) and diastolic (P < 0.001) blood pressures (comparisons with placebo periods). Cilazapril and hydrochlorothiazide had opposite effects on ventricular ectopic activity. The beneficial effect of cilazapril on ventricular extrasystole counts correlated significantly (P < 0.001) with the reduction of left ventricular mass index. Hydrochlorothiazide had no effects on left ventricular mass or diastolic function. Serum potassium values were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced by hydrochlorothiazide but there was no correlation between changes in potassium levels and changes in ventricular ectopic activity. The results of the study suggest that hydrochlorothiazide and cilazapril were equally effective in reducing blood pressure, but only cilazapril reduced left ventricular hypertrophy and suppressed ventricular ectopic activity.
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PMID:Left ventricular mass, serum electrolyte levels and cardiac arrhythmias in patients with mild hypertension treated with cilazapril or hydrochlorothiazide. 750 25


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