Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate the long-term effect of tiapamil, a new calcium antagonist, in hypertension, 20 adult patients suffering from mild to moderate hypertension were entered into a 58-week open study. In 10 patients, blood pressure returned to normal within 1-6 weeks with a daily dose of 600-900 mg tiapamil. In the remaining 10 patients, the blood pressure became normal after 8-28 weeks with a daily dose of 900-1,200 mg tiapamil. The more severe the hypertension, the higher the dose needed and the longer the time required for the blood pressure to return to normal. The overall results at the end of the 58-week treatment showed a significant decrease of the blood pressure to 142 (+/- 9)/88 (+/- 4) mmHg from a before treatment average of 166 (+/- 16)/105 (+/- 7) (p less than 0.001). There was no marked difference in the blood pressure between supine and sitting positions before or after treatment. Side effects were mild and self-limiting, with no patient being dropped from the study. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and laboratory values were not affected during the treatment with the exception of a moderate decrease in the blood glucose. Neither plasma renin activity, nor aldosterone concentration, nor serum cholesterol or triglyceride levels were altered during tiapamil administration. Tiapamil appears to be an effective and well-tolerated drug for use in mild to moderately severe hypertension.
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PMID:Long-term effect of tiapamil in essential hypertension. 245 28

Hypertension complicated by left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with increased morbidity as it leads to left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Thus, in the treatment of hypertension, a desirable goal is the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. Tiapamil, a new calcium antagonist, was evaluated in a 58 week open study to determine its effect on left ventricular mass in relation to its ability to lower blood pressure. Twenty adult patients with mild to moderate hypertension were entered into the study. Blood pressure was significantly reduced from 166 +/- 16/105 +/- 7 mmHg before treatment to 142 +/- 9/88 +/- 4 mmHg after 58 weeks. The posterior and interventricular septal wall thickness and left ventricular systolic dimension did not show any significant change by the end of the trial. On the other hand, left ventricular diastolic dimension, ejection fraction, and left ventricular mass increased significantly (P less than 0.05). Other laboratory parameters were not affected during treatment with the exception of a moderate decrease in the blood glucose. Side effects were mild and self-limiting, and no patients were withdrawn from the study. Although tiapamil appears to be an effective and well-tolerated drug in mild to moderate hypertension, it failed to reduce left ventricular mass.
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PMID:Progression of cardiac hypertrophy during long term calcium antagonist treatment with tiapamil. 252 74

Tiapamil is an investigational calcium-channel antagonist that is chemically related to verapamil. The antihypertensive efficacies of tiapamil and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) were compared in a randomized double-blind trial. Thirty patients, age 44 to 80 years, with mild to moderate hypertension (World Health Organization stage I-II) entered and completed the study. Previous therapy, if any, was stopped for at least one week prior to study initiation, and patients received placebo tablets for two weeks. The participants were then given active medication, which was titrated for the next three weeks; HCTZ 25 to 50 mg bid or tiapamil 300 to 600 mg bid was given until supine diastolic blood pressure (BP) was no higher than 90 mm Hg or the ceiling dose was reached. Both drugs caused a significant reduction in systolic as well as in diastolic blood pressure (P less than .01). The reduction was seen in both the supine and erect position. The median decrease in supine systolic blood pressure from baseline to the end of treatment was 20 mm Hg in the tiapamil group and 27 mm Hg in the hydrochlorothiazide group, whereas the median decrease in supine diastolic blood pressure was 14 mm Hg and 18 mm Hg, respectively. The median difference in supine diastolic BP reduction after HCTZ and tiapamil administration was 3.8 mm Hg (not significant). There were no significant changes in heart rate. Dizziness occurred in one patient taking tiapamil and in three receiving HCTZ. One patient receiving HCTZ developed acute arthritis urica.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Tiapamil and hydrochlorothiazide: a double-blind comparison of two antihypertensive agents. 331 1

Daily oral administration of tiapamil (2 X 50-2 X 150 mg/kg, for 13 weeks) to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of hypertension development, with complete prevention occurring at the highest dose. Tiapamil (2 X 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) also prevented development of high blood pressure in deoxycorticosterone acetate-NaCl hypertensive rats (DOCA). A comparative hemodynamic analysis was carried out on age-matched (17-week-old) control SHR, tiapamil-treated (2 X 150 mg/kg/day, p.o.) SHR, and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Tiapamil-treated SHR and WKY had a significantly lower mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance as well as a higher cardiac output than untreated SHR. Vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine as well as to angiotensin I and II were significantly lower in tiapamil-treated than in untreated SHR. By contrast, isoproterenol elicited a fall in blood pressure in all three groups, the extent of which correlated directly with the magnitude of basal blood pressure levels. Tiapamil also caused a concentration-dependent depression of depolarization-induced vasoconstrictor responses in isolated mesenteric and renal arteries from SHR. The results of this study indicate that chronic administration of tiapamil will prevent the development of hypertension in SHR and DOCA rats as well as protect against accompanying hemodynamic alterations. This inhibitory effect on blood vessels that maintain peripheral resistance at elevated levels is a consequence of the vascular-selective calcium entry blocking properties of tiapamil.
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PMID:Chronic administration of tiapamil prevents hemodynamic alterations accompanying development of high blood pressure in hypertensive rats. 608 79