Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Disease patterns of Koreans changed from infectious disease to non-infectious disease in the 1970's. Even though there has been a need for a health promotion programme, it was hard to find the programme in the community before 1985 in Korea. In 1985, the Public Health Promotion Law was enacted and the Korean government started to encourage local government to plan and conduct community health promotion programs. Healthy City Kwachon 21 (HCK21) is a health promotion programme for all residents in Kwachon, a city which has about 70,000 population and is located adjacent to Seoul, Korea. HCK21 launched in 1998 with three guiding principles: 1) programs should be accessible to all citizens; 2) Programmes should stimulate strong community participation and 3) Programmes should change environment and society. The long term goal of HCK21 is to increase the healthy life span of citizens in Kwachon. HCK21 is a collaborative project between Kwachon and the Institute for Health Promotion of the Graduate School of Health Science and Management, Yonsei University. It has seven components: 1) Publication of Monthly Health Newsletter; 2) Smoking Cessation and Tobacco Prevention Program; 3) Community Nutrition Program; 4) Maternal and Women's Health Programme; 5) Programme for Development of District Health Management Information System; 6) Hypertension Prevention and Control Programme and 7) Physical Activity Programme. HCK21 is now being implemented in the third year program since the program conducted in 1998 and 1999 was successful with received support from the citizens. It is recommended that HCK21 be a model for an integrated community-based health promotion programme in developing countries.
Asia Pac J Public Health 2000
PMID:Healthy City Kwachon 21 Project: a community health promotion programme in Korea. 1133 43

Catecholamines, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and angiotensin II (Ang II) are known to participate in the central control of blood pressure. However, the modulation of these neurotransmitter receptors in response to a hypertensive stimulus is not appropriately established. The purpose of the present study was to examine binding parameters of alpha(2)-adrenergic, NPY and Ang II receptors in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) and paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) following a hypertensive stimulus in the aortic-coarcted rat by means of quantitative receptor autoradiography. No changes were seen in binding parameters of alpha(2)-adrenergic and NPY receptors in the NTS of the hypertensive rat compared to control. However, an increased affinity (54%) of noradrenaline competing for 3H-PAC was seen in the PVN. Moreover, an increased binding (49%) of 125I-PYY was also observed in the PVN. The affinity of Ang II for 125I-Sar(1)Ile(8)-Ang II binding sites was also increased (57%) in the NTS of the hypertensive rat. No changes in the binding parameters of radioactive Ang II were observed in the PVN. The results suggest that systems involved with hypertension like Ang II in the NTS and catecholamines in the PVN might collaborate in the development/maintenance of high blood pressure in the aortic-coarcted rat.
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PMID:Quantitative autoradiography of adrenergic, neuropeptide Y and angiotensin II receptors in the nucleus tractus solitarii and hypothalamus of rats with experimental hypertension. 1136 90

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and provide a review of the risk factors associated with CAD in Asian Indians. SEARCH METHODS USED: The authors extensively reviewed numerous British and international studies and the more limited number of studies in India and the US. SUMMARY OF IMPORTANT FINDINGS: Asian Indians have one of the highest rates of CAD. Conventional risk factors such as high blood pressure, high serum total cholesterol level, cigarette smoking, high fat diet, and obesity consistently fail to fully explain these high rates. There appears to be a strong role of insulin resistance and abdominal obesity, both of which have a high prevalence in Asian Indians. Various dyslipidemic disorders in Asian Indians such as low levels of HDL cholesterol, elevation of triglyceride, elevation of LDL cholesterol and elevation of lipoprotein (a) may also have a role. CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesize that against a background of higher susceptibility to CAD among Asian Indians, as characterized by insulin resistance, abdominal obesity and dyslipidemic disorders, conventional risk factors for CAD are also important. A genetic predisposition to CAD is suggested by high levels of lipoprotein (a) in Asian Indians. This would suggest that more aggressive identification and modulation of all known risk factors are necessary among Asian Indians along with a compelling need for further epidemiological studies in this population. RELEVANCE TO ASIAN PACIFIC ISLANDER AMERICAN POPULATIONS: The marked differences in the rates of CAD among Asian Indians, compared with Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, other Asians and Whites are discussed. KEY WORDS: Asian Indians, coronary artery disease, epidemiology, disease prevalence, risk factors, insulin resistance, dyslipidemic disorders, triglycedide, high density lipoprotein; lipoprotein (a)
Asian Am Pac Isl J Health 1993
PMID:Coronary Artery Disease in Asian Indians: Prevalence and Risk Factors. 1156 49

We report a Japanese family with glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism (GRA) in whom gene abnormality was identified by the long-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The proband was a 21-year-old female incidentally found to have high blood pressure (173/107 mmHg). Laboratory tests showed hypokalemia (3.7 mmol/l), and high plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC, 234 pg/ml) with suppressed plasma renin activity (PRA, <0.1 ng/ml/h). The circadian rhythm pattern and the results of a rapid adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) test indicated ACTH-dependent changes in PAC. Imaging studies showed no adrenal mass on either side. A dexamethasone (Dexa) suppression test (1.0 mg/day orally for 7 days) showed a marked decrease of PAC 2 days after administration, and this decreased level was maintained throughout Dexa administration. High blood pressure and hypokalemia also improved during Dexa treatment. The proband's younger sister was 19 years old and had hypertension, PAC of 231 pg/ml, and PRA <0.1 ng/ml/h. The mother was 53 years old and had hypertension, PAC of 98.5 pg/ml, and PRA <0.1 ng/ml/h. The proband's elder sister was a 22-year-old normotensive with PAC of 110 pg/ml and PRA of 0.1 ng/ml. Long-PCR was performed for detection of the chimeric gene associated with GRA, using DNA samples from all four cases and two normal control subjects. Although the aldosterone synthase gene was expressed among all DNA samples, the chimeric gene was detected only in the proband, her younger sister and her mother. Our clinical data and genetic investigation confirmed the presence of GRA in this Japanese family.
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PMID:Japanese family with glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism diagnosed by long-polymerase chain reaction. 1167 55

The National Nutrition Survey (NNS) in Japan has been undertaken annually since 1946. It was originally intended to provide information on the food and nutrient intake of the Japanese people, with a view to acquiring emergency food supplies from other countries when food shortages caused malnutrition in many Japanese. The food balance sheet (FBS) has been drawn up since 1949 to show the food supply available to the Japanese people. The trends and figures shown by both approaches were similar until the mid-1970s. Since then, however, the disparity between the food supply and the intake of foods and nutrients has been getting larger. National food security means that a country has enough food for everyone. This does not mean, however, that every family has enough food, because the food may not be evenly distributed. In fact, marginal deficiencies in iron and calcium are thought to still exist and there is considerable variation among households in energy intake. In Japan, nutrition and diet are now considered to play important roles in the emerging problems of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension etc., because of excessive energy intake and deficiency or excessive intake of certain nutrients.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2001
PMID:Nutrition trends in Japan. 1170 82

As the world's population ages, cardiovascular health becomes increasing important. The ageing process gradually leads to a decline in the structure and function of the cardiovascular system. Other factors associated with ageing can hasten this decline, for instance, lifestyles that have become more sedentary. Additionally, the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes, major risk factors for cardiovascular disease increase with age. Nutrition throughout the lifecycle can help prevent the development of these conditions and appropriate food habits instigated later in life can improve the management of these conditions and their impact on cardiovascular health.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2001
PMID:Lifecycle nutrition and cardiovascular health: the aged. 1171 Mar 50

Cross-cultural and intervention studies increasingly point the way to seeds like nuts, soy and lentils, and products of them like tempe being cardioprotective. Soy and its products (like tofu, tempe, soy drinks and soy desserts) are historically and currently some of the most important foods in the Asian region where diets remain predominantly plant-based. The mechanisms by which these seeds may protect populations against cardiovascular disease are several. They include the minimisation of classical risk factors like positive energy balance leading to obesity, hypertension. dyslipidemia and insulin resistance with hyperglycaemia. However, in addition, they provide compounds like n-3 fatty acids, isoflavones and arginine which are only now recognised for their ability to optimise other pathways which connect lifestyle to cardiovascular disease--like oxidant status, vascular reactivity and myocardial electrical stability and proneness to dysrhythmia. Thus, once an Asian food culture changes on its emphasis on these plant foods, it may place its consumers at cardiovascular risk.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2001
PMID:Candidate foods in the asia-pacific region for cardiovascular protection: nuts, soy, lentils and tempe. 1171 Mar 52

The change of lifestyle of Chinese people, along with the development of the national economy, has caused significant changes of the disease pattern in China. This includes the shift from predominantly communicable diseases to non-communicable diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. This paper summarises epidemiology research results on the relationship between diet, nutrition and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) available in China. Most data used in this paper are from correlation studies. While the information is very useful in generating hypotheses on dietary and nutritional risk factors for CVD, both prospective studies and population-based intervention trials are needed to further verify these hypotheses. The information in this review clearly shows that diet and nutrition play important roles in the occurrence of CVD and hypertension in the Chinese population. Therefore, dietary means should be an important part of the strategies for the control of CVD and hypertension in China.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2001
PMID:Implications from and for food cultures for cardiovascular disease: diet, nutrition and cardiovascular diseases in China. 1171 Mar 56

In this paper, the possible reasons for the prevalence of hypertension in the Asia-Pacific region are examined, along with its likely dietary, nutritional and sociocultural causes. This brief survey indicates the need for more comprehensive blood pressure monitoring and surveillance throughout the region. Findings from research conducted in the region and elsewhere suggest that a variety of aetiological factors predict the occurrence of hypertension, most of which are similar to those observed in western populations. However, several lines of research suggest that obesity, abdominal obesity and a number of dietary constituents, in addition to salt. may play relatively greater roles than in western populations. It is argued that hypertension may be prevented via a combination of individual, community and governmental approaches which promote social capital, environmentally sustainable food production and the public health.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2001
PMID:Diet and hypertension in the Asia-Pacific region: a brief review. 1171 Mar 65

A cross sectional study on hypertension was done on 294 subjects aged 30 years and above. 150 households were selected randomly representing 50 households from each locality inhabited exclusively by the rural Mizos, indigenous rural Assamese and the tea-garden workers respectively, in the northeastern region of India. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmo-manometer in sitting posture. Anthro-pometric measurements were taken using standard procedure for measuring height, weight, waist and hip girth. Information on age, sex, ethnicity, literacy, alcohol intake, smoking pattern, physical activity, occupation, amount of salt consumption was collected using a standard and pre-tested questionnaire. Significant differences were observed in both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels among the three different ethnic groups selected for this study (p < 0.0001). Multiple regression analyses indicated that in Mizos, age, waist circumference and alcohol intake were independently associated with increase in systolic blood pressure whereas smoking was found to be negatively associated with systolic blood pressure (R2 = 0.391, p < 0.001). Factors, which were the best predictors of diastolic blood pressure, were age and body mass index [(kg/m2) (R2 = 0.227, p < 0.001)]. In the rural Assamese population, the best predictors of systolic blood pressure were age and waist circumference (R2 = 0.263, p = 0.018). For the diastolic blood pressure, age, alcohol intake and body mass index were important correlates (R2 = 0.131, p < 0.001). In the tea garden community, important predictors of systolic blood pressure were age, gender and marital status (R2 = 0.187, p < 0.001). On the other hand, age and alcohol intake were best predictors for diastolic blood pressure (R2 = 0.09, p < 0.001).
Asia Pac J Public Health 2000
PMID:Differences in blood pressure level and hypertension in three ethnic groups of northeastern India. 1183 22


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