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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of once-daily dosage of the two most widely prescribed cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonists used to treat hypertension--namely, atenolol and metoprolol--was studied in nine carefully selected hypertensive outpatients. Each patient received atenolol 50 mg/day, atenolol 100 mg/day, metoprolol 100 mg/day, and metoprolol 200 mg/day in a sustained-release formulation (as Lopresor SR) according to a randomised sequence. After three weeks' treatment with each drug given once daily comparisons of the treatments 24 hours after dosing showed no important differences between 50 and 100 mg atenolol/day. Metoprolol, as both the standard and the slow-release formulations, had some limitations in controlling systolic blood pressure and heart rate. These results suggest that the recommendations for the treatment of hypertension with these cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonists should be reconsidered since doses smaller than those recommended are almost as effective and much cheaper.
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PMID:Atenolol and metoprolol once daily in hypertension. 680 88

The selective beta-1 blocker Metoprolol was tested for a period of one month in a double-blind trial involving 36 patients with open-angle glaucoma or intraocular hypertension in whom the substance was applied twice daily to the eye in concentrations of 1, 2, 4 and 8%. At all these concentrations the intraocular pressure showed a reduction of 23%. The concentrations over 1% were less well tolerated, the difference being statistically significant; the patients concerned complained of an unpleasant burning sensation for 30 seconds after the application. The subjective intolerance shown increased in proportion to the concentration. It is not clear whether the solvent used contributed to the intolerance. The Metoprolol drops had no effect on pupillary diameter, blood pressure or resting pulse. An important finding was that during the one month's treatment there was no fall-off in the effectiveness of the preparation, i.e., the reduction in intraocular pressure and duration of action showed no diminution such as is seen, for example, with Timolol.
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PMID:[The influence of metoprolol eye drops on intraocular pressure (author's transl)]. 700 14

The effect of metoprolol, a beta1-selective receptor blocking agent without intrinsic stimulating activity, on blood pressure, pulse and plasma concentration 2 and 24 h after dose intake and on working capacity and perceived exertion 2 h after dose intake was investigated when given as 100 mg and 200 mg conventional tablets or 200 mg slow-release tablets (Durules) once daily, long-term, to 20 patients with primary (essential) hypertension. Metoprolol 100 mg and 200 mg once daily effectively lowers blood pressure over a 24-h period, and 200 mg Durules once daily gives beta-receptor blockade for 24 h. Peak plasma concentration 2 h after dose intake and individual variations in plasma concentrations are reduced on 200 mg Durules compared with 200 mg conventional tablets. Working capacity is not reduced, though perceived exertion and leg fatigue seem to be slightly increased with metoprolol, especially 200 mg conventional tablets.
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PMID:Metoprolol administered once daily in the treatment of hypertension. A double-blind crossover comparison between conventional tablets and metoprolol Durules. 702 91

Urinary albumin excretion rate (radial immunodiffusion), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (single-shot 51Cr-EDTA technique), and arterial blood pressure (BP) were measured in 12 juvenile-onset, insulin-dependent diabetic patients with persistent proteinuria (greater than 0.5 g/day) due to diabetic nephropathy. Mean age of the patients was 30 yr. All patients had a diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 95 mm Hg. Metoprolol, hydralazine, and furosemide or thiazide were used as antihypertensives. During the 12-mo treatment period, BP decreased from 151/104 to 133/85 mm Hg (P less than 0.001), the urinary albumin excretion rate diminished from 1447 to 613 micrograms/min (P less than 0.005), and GFR declined from 96 to 89 ml/in/1.73 m2 (P less than 0.01). A linear relationship between mean blood pressure and the logarithm of the albuminuria was found (r = 0.48, P less than 0.01). Arterial hypertension is an early feature of diabetic nephropathy in young insulin-dependent patients. Early and aggressive treatment of that condition decreases albuminuria, probably due to reduced intraglomerular filtration pressure. Whether sustained reduction in arterial blood pressure to near-normal levels during several years also reduces the rate of decline in GFR in diabetic nephropathy remains to be established.
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PMID:Reduced albuminuria during early and aggressive antihypertensive treatment of insulin-dependent diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy. 704 30

10 patients with systemic essential arterial hypertension have been treated with 200 mg/die of Metoprolol. The systolic times have been valued before and after the treatment. It has been observed a reduction of the pre-ejection period simultaneously and proportionally to the reduction of the arterial pressure and the cardiac frequence. These last parameters and the indices of consumption of oxygen and heart frequence have undergone a significant decrease since the first week of therapy. The bloodless indices which express the myocardic contractility demonstrated instead not to be particularly influenced.
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PMID:[The effects of metoprolol on systolic times in patients with systemic arterial hypertension. Polygraphic study]. 705 6

In a double-blind trial 26 patients with essential hypertension were treated with nifedipine or placebo for 8 weeks, following a 4-week run-in-placebo period in all patients. The daily dosage of nifedipine during this phase was 10 mg 3 times daily. Metoprolol was then added to the therapeutic regimen of both groups for a further 12 weeks. Both nifedipine and metoprolol used as mono-therapy caused statistically significant reductions of arterial pressure. The addition of metoprolol to nifedipine tended to reduce blood pressure further, but blood pressures were not significantly lower than during nifedipine mono-therapy. Side-effects were few and only two patients had to be withdrawn during active therapy, one for headaches during nifedipine therapy, and another for asthma during metoprolol treatment. Combined therapy with a beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent, such as metoprolol, and a calcium antagonist with vasodilation properties, such as nifedipine, offers a theoretically interesting approach in the treatment of hypertension, even though the practical outcome in the present study probably suffered from an inadequate dose of nifedipine during the period of combined therapy.
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PMID:Effects of treatment with nifedipine and metoprolol in essential hypertension. 707 44

The effectiveness of metoprolol in achieving blood pressure control was studied in 16 hypertensive adolescents. The hypertensive included two insulin dependent diabetics, four patients with renal disease, and ten adolescents with essential hypertension. Dose range was 100-200 mg/day for 3-12 months. Significant reductions on metoprolol therapy were achieved for systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P less than 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P less than 0.001), and heart rate (HR) (P less than 0.001). Side effects that had been present in previous therapy were absent. On metoprolol therapy the hyperkinetic cardiovascular response to mental stress was improved for SBP and HR. Exercise stress testing also resulted in a reduced SBP and HR, while endurance capacity was unimpaired. Metoprolol is effective in adolescent hypertension with negligible side effects.
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PMID:The pharmacodynamic effectiveness of metoprolol in adolescent hypertension. 711 Jul 56

The cardioselective betablocking agent metoprolol was used to treat 21 outpatients with essential arterial hypertension graded 1 and 2 of the OMS scale. The treatment was given orally for a mean duration of nine weeks at doses of 100 mg/day for two weeks and 200 mg/day for the remaining time. The treatment caused a significant reduction of systolic and diastolic arterial pressure (p less than 0.001), both in the erect and the lying down position. The heart rate was also significantly reduced both in the lying down (p less than 0.01) and the erect (p less than 0.05) positions. Metoprolol was shown to be effective and well tolerated as an antihypertensive agent; the treatment had to be interrupted in a single case because of dizziness, tiredness and dullness.
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PMID:[Metoprolol in the treatment of essential hypertension (author's transl)]. 720 75

The effects of celiprolol 200 mg or 400 mg once daily on blood pressure (BP), serum lipids, plasma fibrinogen and airways function was compared with the effects of metoprolol 100 mg or 200 mg once daily in 171 patients with mild to moderate hypertension and coexistent hyperlipidaemia in a double-blind, multicentre study lasting 1 year. Significant decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were observed compared with baseline (DBP: celiprolol -13.3 mm Hg, P < 0.0001; metoprolol -14.3 mm Hg, P < 0.0001; SBP: celiprolol -18.2 mm Hg, P < 0.0001; metoprolol -20.5 mm Hg, P < 0.0001; heart rate celiprolol -4 beats/min, P < 0.003; metoprolol -12 beats/min, P < 0.0001). There was no difference between the effects of the two treatments on BP but celiprolol had less effect on heart rate than metoprolol, (celiprolol-metoprolol 7.3 beats/min, P = 0.0002). When compared with baseline values celiprolol significantly reduced serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (-5.8%, P = 0.0401) and produced a slight increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) which approached statistical significance (4.1%, P = 0.0659). Metoprolol significantly increased serum triglycerides (32%, P = 0.0001) and the total/HDL-C ratio (7.4%, P = 0.0192). Compared with metoprolol, celiprolol significantly reduced LDL-C (-7.3%, P = 0.0062), total cholesterol (-4.5%, P = 0.0085), apoliproprotein B (-10.1%, P = 0.0001), the apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio (-10.9%, P = 0.0001), the total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (-10.8%, P = 0.0001) and triglycerides (-24.8%, P = 0.0001), and significantly increased HDL-C (6.0%, P = 0.0043).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of celiprolol and metoprolol on lipids, fibrinogen and airways function in hyperlipidaemic hypertensives: a randomised double-blind long-term parallel group trial. 775 74

Central nervous system (CNS)-related symptoms and quality of life during treatment with controlled-release (CR) metoprolol and a standard formulation of atenolol were compared in a double-blind crossover study in 60 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. After a 4-week placebo run-in period, each beta 1-adrenoceptor blocker was administered at a dosage of 100 mg once daily for 6 weeks. Quality of life was assessed regularly during the active treatment phases by use of two standardized self-administered questionnaires, the minor symptom evaluation (MSE) profile, and the psychologic general well-being (PGWB) index. Both questionnaires have previously been shown to be effective in detecting CNS symptoms and changes in well being produced by beta-blockers. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored to assess the antihypertensive efficacy of the two drugs. Metoprolol CR and atenolol produced equivalent, clinically effective reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressures measured 24 hours after administration. The drugs were found to exert similar effects on general well being, as assessed by the PGWB index, and there were no significant differences between the two treatments with regard to the three dimensions of the MSE profile, contentment, vitality, and sleep. Thus, at equivalent antihypertensive dosages, metoprolol CR and atenolol are clinically comparable with regard to the degree of CNS-related symptoms produced and effects on general well being. Because these agents differ markedly in lipophilicity, other factors, such as beta 1-selectivity/nonselectivity, may be more important determinants of whether these subjective symptoms occur during therapy with beta-blockers.
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PMID:Effects of 100 mg of controlled-release metoprolol and 100 mg of atenolol on blood pressure, central nervous system-related symptoms, and general well being. 792 68


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