Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The metabolism of inositol phospholipids of the erythrocyte membrane was compared in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), and stroke-prone SHR (SHR-SP) rats. This was performed on isolated ghost membranes by measuring the incorporation of 32P from [ gamma-32P ] adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into the diphosphoinositides (DPI) and the triphosphoinositides (TPI) which were the only 32P-labeled phospholipids. 32P-labeling of TPI was altered in adult and 3-week-old SHR as well as in SHR-SP compared to WKY controls; the radioactivity associated with TPI in hypertensive rats was about 30% lower than that associated with TPI in age-matched normotensive controls. By contrast, the radioactivity associated with DPI was similar in both hypertensive and normotensive rats. Measurement of the phosphoinositide distribution in both SHR and WKY indicates that the change observed in 32P-TPI could not be accounted for by a reduced phosphatidylinositol content in SHR membrane. Measurement of the Mg2+-activated TPI-phosphomonoesterase and of the Ca2+-activated polyphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase activities did not show any significant difference between SHR and WKY. It thus appears that the altered phosphoinositide metabolism observed in hypertensive rats was a consequence of some alteration in the activity of kinases which are responsible for the conversion of phosphatidylinositol into DPI and TPI. These results also suggest that the defect in phosphoinositide metabolism observed in genetically hypertensive rats was not a consequence of the blood pressure elevation and could be related to the pathogenesis of hypertension.
Hypertension
PMID:Altered turnover of polyphosphoinositides in the erythrocyte membrane of the spontaneously hypertensive rat. 630 31

A sensitive solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed using two anti-human renin monoclonal antibodies, which were shown to bind both human as well as primate renin at two different epitopic sites. One monoclonal antibody (3-36-16) was used to coat each well of a 96 well microtitre plate in which renin, contained in 5 to 20 ul of plasma, was allowed to react. Plates were then incubated with the gamma globulin (gamma G) fraction of a rabbit anti-human renin serum followed by development with sheetp anti-rabbit gamma G conjugated to alkaline phosphatase. Quantification was carried out by the addition of the alkaline phosphatase substrate, p-nitrophenylphosphate, which produced a colorimetric reaction. The sensitivity of the assay is 25 pg ml-1. The method recognises both active and inactive renin from plasma, kidney, amniotic fluid and chorionic cells. Plasma renin can be measured within 6 hours when values are greater then 150 pg ml-1 or within 24 hours when plasma values are less than 150 pg ml-1. The ELISA has already been used to measure total immunoreactive renin in plasma obtained from patients with several forms of hypertension. The values ranged from 25 pg ml-1 in patients with primary aldosteronism to as large as 60 ng ml-1 in a patient with a renin-secreting tumour.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:A multirange ELISA for the measurement of plasma renin in humans and primates. 640 Mar 74

The clinical characteristics of 107 patients younger than 60 years with mitral anular calcium (MAC) were compared with those of 107 age- and sex-matched control subjects. The patients with MAC included 55 men and 52 women, mean age 51 years. The control group included 55 men and 52 women, mean age 51 years. Patients with MAC had a higher prevalence of cardiomegaly on chest x-ray (p less than 0.0001), left atrial and left ventricular enlargement by echocardiography (p less than 0.0001), precordial murmurs (p less than 0.0001), diabetes mellitus (p less than 0.0001), systemic hypertension (p less than 0.025) and total conduction defects on surface electrocardiograms (p less than 0.0001) compared with the age- and sex-matched control subjects. The mean serum phosphorus and product of serum calcium and phosphorus were higher in patients with MAC (p less than 0.0025) than in the control subjects. The prevalence of coronary heart disease, aortic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the mean serum cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase and calcium levels were not significantly different between patients with MAC and the control subjects.
 ...
PMID:Clinical characteristics of patients younger than 60 years with mitral anular calcium: comparison with age- and sex-matched control subjects. 650 99

Microsomal fractions were isolated from the smooth muscle of gastric fundus, vasa deferentia and mesenteric arteries of rats made hypertensive by deoxycorticosterone-salt treatment. Several enzymatic activities, Ca2+ binding and ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation of the microsomal fractions from these hypertensive rats were compared with those from the control of rats which remained normotensive under similar treatment. Altered membrane properties were observed in microsomal fractions isolated from vascular smooth muscle but not in those isolated from non-vascular smooth muscles in this form of experimental hypertension. These alterations included decreased Mg2+ ATPase activity, enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity, decreased Ca2+ binding in the absence of ATP and decreased ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation. This result is in contrast to our previous findings that decreased ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation was observed in microsomal fraction isolated from non-vascular smooth muscles of rats with genetic hypertension. The present study, together with our previous findings, support the contention that altered Ca2+ handling by vascular smooth muscle is associated with the pathogenesis of hypertension, whereas altered Ca2+ handling by non-vascular smooth muscles previously observed in spontaneous hypertension may be associated with genetic factors not related to hypertension.
 ...
PMID:Membrane abnormalities occur in vascular smooth muscle but not in non-vascular smooth muscle from rats with deoxycorticosterone-salt induced hypertension. 668 Oct 43

We report 2 cases of ileal replacement of the ureters: 1 bilateral and 1 unilateral with a single kidney. Hyperchloremic acidosis developed in both patients and osteomalacia was proved by iliac bone biopsy. Patient 1 had symptomatic bone disease and control of acidosis with sodium bicarbonate was difficult because of associated hypertension. The level of alkaline phosphatase varied inversely with the level of serum bicarbonate. Pharmacological doses of 1-alpha hydroxycholecalciferol were ineffective and osteomalacia persisted in a second biopsy. Patient 2, who was asymptomatic, suffered acidosis and increased serum alkaline phosphatase levels immediately postoperatively and osteomalacia was confirmed histologically at 6 months.
 ...
PMID:Osteomalacia due to ileal replacement of ureters: report of 2 cases. 669 68

Parallel stereo- and cytospectrophotometric examinations of human myocardial capillaries, 20-60 min after biological death were carried out. The activity of alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and NAD-diaphorase in the capillary wall in relation to the sex and age in cardiovascular pathology, renal diseases and leukemias were studied. The permeability and level of energy supply of transendothelial transport were found to depend on the kind of the main pathological process and type of death. According to the parameters under study, the functional state of the capillary network of the myocardium in atherosclerosis with or without its combination with hypertension and also in secondary renal hypertension is described.
 ...
PMID:[Stereological characteristics and enzymatic activity of myocardial capillaries in different variants of pathology and death (data from immediate autopsies)]. 686 Jan 68

The subcellular distribution and nature of rat renal renin has been investigated by means of analytical subcellular fractionation and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. During differential centrifugation, renin activity was recovered mainly in soluble and heavy mitochondrial fractions. On sucrose gradient centrifugation in either a conventional or in a B XIV zonal rotor, renin activity equilibrated at 1.54 M sucrose and was partially resolved from marker enzymes for mitochondria (succinate dehydrogenase), lysosomes (acid phosphatase), plasma membranes (alkaline phosphatase), and peroxisomes (catalase). On gel filtration of the soluble or extracts of the renin-granular fractions on Sephadex G-100, renin activity eluted as a single peak with an apparent molecular weight (MW) of 42,000; no change in activity was found when these fractions were acidified to pH 3.0. When kidney homogenates were prepared in the presence of the proteolytic inhibitor N-ethylmaleimide (NEM, 10 mM), whereas the renin from the granular fractions displayed a MW of 44,000, that from the soluble fraction was apparently higher (69,000). Addition of NEM (10 mM) to the soluble fraction previously shown to contain only the low MW form of renin also resulted in an apparently high MW form of renin. These results indicate that rat renal renin is associated with a mechanically fragile, distinct type of subcellular organelle. Renin within this structure is of the low MW form and is not acid activatable. The soluble fraction, however, contains a factor(s) that, in the presence of NEM, combines with the low MW renin to form a complex of apparently high MW.
Hypertension
PMID:Subcellular distribution and storage form of rat renal renin. 699 67

Alkaline phosphatase activity and Ca2+ accumulation were examined in the plasma membrane enriched fractions isolated from mesenteric arteries of spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Kyoto-Wistar normotensive (WKY) rats after a long-term antihypertensive treatment with hydralazine. The membrane biochemical abnormalities of arterial smooth muscle such as enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and reduced ATP-dependent Ca2+ transport previously observed in untreated SHR were persistently observed in hydralazine treated SHR with normalized systolic blood pressure. Our results suggest that the antihypertensive effects of hydralazine do not involve the reversal or modification of the altered Ca2+ handling by vascular muscle membrane in hypertension.
 ...
PMID:Arterial muscle membrane abnormalities of hydralazine-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats. 712 85

Obese patients (44) were studied on a 320 kcal diet for one to two months. No ECG changes were seen in 43 patients. One patient showed a transient T wave inversion after six weeks dieting, but the significance of this finding is doubtful. We have found a 320 kcal formula diet a safe and effective method of out-patient weight reduction with no patient showing any ECG abnormality in the first four weeks of dieting. ECGs and medical supervision are recommended for patients maintained on low-calorie diets for periods longer than a month. Nitrogen balance reached equilibrium in five to six weeks. Biochemical estimations showed minor changes such as falls in the serum cholesterol and rises in the alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin, but no clinically important changes were observed. One patient on propranolol for hypertension developed postural hypotension and required substantial reduction of medication.
 ...
PMID:Low-calorie-formula diets--are they safe? 727 63

Plasma aldosterone levels were measured in 50 patients with confirmed liver metastases from various histologically proved primary tumors. None of these patients had electrolyte abnormalities or history of benign liver disease, congestive heart failure, hypertension, or renal disease. Patients with edema, ascites, or both had significantly greater elevation of plasma aldosterone levels compared to nonedematous patients; these patients also demonstrated a substantial degree of hepatic dysfunction as evidenced by lower serum albumin levels and higher bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels. This study provides a rational basis for the use of the specific aldosterone inhibitor spironolactone in the treatment of patients with advanced metastatic liver disease and edematous states.
 ...
PMID:Hyperaldosteronism associated with liver metastases. 738 77


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>