Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activity of succinate dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase in the lymphocytes of peripheral blood was studied in 28 patients with hypertensive disease and vasorenal hypertension (the diagnosis was made on the basis of the findings of angiographic examination) by the method of quantitative cytochemical analysis suggested by R.P. Nartsissov. It was revealed that alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity was significantly lower in vasorenal hypertension than in hypertensive disease. The calculation of the difference between the value of succinate dehydrogenase activity and that of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity in these groups was also significant. It is concluded that a complex of cytochemical analysis may be used in differential diagnosis of vasorenal hypertension and hypertensive disease.
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PMID:[Determination of dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activity in the lymphocytes in hypertension and vasorenal hypertension]. 72 32

Angiotensinogen messenger RNA (mRNA) has been identified in both brown and white adipose tissue. Recently we have shown that when 3T3-L1 cells were treated with isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) to accelerate differentiation, angiotensinogen mRNA increased markedly in adipocytes as compared with preadipocytes. To determine if a correlation existed between the regulatory events associated with the differentiation process, we compared the change in angiotensinogen mRNA in spontaneously differentiating 3T3-F442A cells with two established parameters of differentiation in adipocyte cell lines. Differentiation was assessed by visual examination of cells for lipid droplets, fluorescent staining of the F-actin fibers, and increases in glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA. F-actin fibers were highly structured in preadipocytes, becoming disassembled and very disorganized as cells differentiated into adipocytes. The quantity of angiotensinogen mRNA increased as the number of lipid-containing cells increased within a culture. Glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA accumulated in differentiated adipocytes to about the same extent as angiotensinogen mRNA. Thus, increases in angiotensinogen mRNA were associated with the morphological and biochemical changes that occur during the phenotypic modulation of 3T3-F442A cells.
Hypertension 1990 Jun
PMID:Changes in angiotensinogen messenger RNA in differentiating 3T3-F442A adipocytes. 235 37

The paper presents a discussion on therapeutic results obtained with plasmapheresis treatment in 16 patients with stage II essential hypertension. Thirty-three comparable patients entered a control group of conventional treatment. The test and control patients with stage II hypertension were examined for time-course changes in T- and B-lymphocytes counts, the activity of the energetic enzymes (alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase), serum immunoglobulins and circulating immune complex levels. It was established that the standard antihypertensive treatment failed to restore normal parameters of immunity and to favor positive alterations in the activity of the enzymes in the blood lymphocytes, whereas therapeutic plasmapheresis was found to stimulate immunity, especially cellular one. This occurred in line with a rise in the levels of lymphocytic dehydrogenases.
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PMID:[Treatment of patients with hypertonic disease with plasmapheresis]. 281 Dec 12

Activity of some enzymes in the cerebral cortex of rats with experimentally induced renal arterial hypertension (AH) was studied histochemically. Histologic data provide the evidence for the disturbances in water-salt metabolism in AH. Morphometric study revealed an increase in the specific volume of smaller microvessels and moderate decrease in the specific volume of bigger microvessels. Vascular markers show different time course of activity changes in AH: the activity of alkaline phosphatase increases, while that of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase remains unchanged. The development of AH is accompanied by the increase in succinic dehydrogenase activity and the decrease in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in neurons. The changes in the neuron-capillary relationship arising in AH can be one of the possible pathogenetic factors in the pathologic process progression.
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PMID:[Characteristics of the morphofunctional status of the tissue in the rat cerebral cortex in experimental renal arterial hypertension]. 366 63

Obesity is major risk factor for many disorders, including diabetes, hypertension and heart disease. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of therapeutic agents available to clinicians for the treatment of obesity. The principal aim of this study was to investigate whether PEGylated all-trans retinoic acid (PRA) can have favorable stability and biological activity in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes as an antiobesity drug. Here, we found that PRA inhibits the process of adipogenesis, including survival of adipocytes and differentiation to mature adipocytes. The results showed that RA nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by PEGylation; below 200 nm, PRA-NPs were obtained. Moreover, PRA decreased glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by acting with major adipocyte marker proteins such as PPARgamma2, C/EBPalpha and aP2 modulators. Apoptosis, in addition, increased as the level of RA increased from 10 to 20 microM, whereas PRA reduced apoptosis with increasing concentrations. Our data suggest that PRA-NP has potential as an antiobesity drug carrier due to its small particle size and PEGylated core-shell structure. In addition, our results suggest that PRA inhibits the process of adipogenesis and may be developed to treat obesity. Based on these results, PRA is suitable for adipocyte studies, and an enhanced effect of PRA with adipocyte differentiation offers a challenging approach for pharmaceutical applications.
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PMID:Regulation of adipocyte differentiation by PEGylated all-trans retinoic acid: reduced cytotoxicity and attenuated lipid accumulation. 1696 53

Obesity has become a global epidemic in both developed and developing countries, and it is a significant risk factor for various diseases such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and hypertension. In the present study, the effect of naturally occurring antioxidants (flavonoids and phenolic acids) on the inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was investigated. The results showed that o-coumaric acid and rutin had the highest inhibition on intracellular triglyceride (61.3 and 83.0%, respectively) among 15 phenolic acids and 6 flavonoids tested. However, the oil red o stained material (OROSM) showed that cell number in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was not influenced by those compounds. For glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity, the data indicated that o-coumaric acid and rutin had the highest inhibition on GPDH activity (54.2 and 66.8%, respectively) among the compounds tested. o-Coumaric acid and rutin also inhibited the expression of PPARgamma, C/EBPalpha and leptin and then up-regulated expression of adiponectin at the protein level. Some naturally occurring antioxidants efficiently suppressed adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These results suggest that o-coumaric acid and rutin targeted for adipocyte functions could be effective in improving the symptoms of metabolic syndrome.
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PMID:Effects of flavonoids and phenolic acids on the inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 1788 Jan 64

Adipocyte dysfunction is strongly associated with the development of obesity, which is a major risk factor for many disorders including diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. It is generally accepted that the regulation of adipogenesis or adipokines expression prevents obesity. In this study, we show that isorhamnetin inhibits adipocyte differentiation, as evidenced by reduced triglyceride (TG) accumulation and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity. At the molecular level, the mRNA expression levels of peroxidase proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha (C/EBP-alpha), which are the major adipogenic transcription factors, were markedly reduced by isorhamnetin. However, the mRNA levels of C/EBP-beta and -delta, the upstream regulators of PPAR-gamma and C/EBP-alpha, were not reduced by isorhamnetin. Moreover, the mRNA levels of PPAR-gamma target genes such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL), CD36, aP2, and liver X receptor-alpha (LXR-alpha) were downregulated by isorhamnetin. We also showed that isorhamnetin inhibits the expression and secretion of adiponectin, and the results of adiponectin promoter assays suggest the inhibition of PPAR-gamma expression as a possible mechanism underlying the isorhamnetin-mediated effects. Taken together, these results indicate that isorhamnetin inhibits adipogenesis through downregulation of PPAR-gamma and C/EBP-alpha.
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PMID:Isorhamnetin represses adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. 1894 72