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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nebivolol was given to 59 patients with hypertension for 8 weeks. This was accompanied by augmentation of amplitude of photoplethysmogram in all and normalization of blood pressure in 67% of patients. Nebivolol did not cause orthostatic hypotension or bronchial spasm.
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PMID:[Antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of nebivolol]. 1249 15

Safety, tolerability and antihypertensive efficacy of a cardioselective beta-blocker nebivolol was studied in 30 patients with mild and moderate hypertension and concomitant stage I chronic obstructive bronchitis. Nebivolol (5 mg/day) was given for 1 month; in 5 patients complementary hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg/day) was required for sufficient antihypertensive effect. Nebivolol was well tolerated (only 1 patient complained of head ache), did not cause worsening of bronchitis and spirometric parameters, exerted no cardiodepressive action, and did not induce apparent disturbances of metabolism.
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PMID:[Assessment of safety and antihypertensive efficacy of a cardioselective beta-blocker nebivolol in patients with hypertension and concomitant chronic obstructive bronchitis]. 1249 34

Nebivolol (Nebilet) has been shown to promote increase in the content of inducible and total NO-synthase, which fact can have a positive effect on the functional condition of the endothelium and its antioxidant properties in patients with type II diabetes mellitus concurrent with arterial hypertension. It is recommended that nebivolol be taken in by the above patients to normalize arterial pressure.
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PMID:[Effect of nebivolol on the level of constitutional, inducible, and total NO-synthase in serum of patients with type II diabetes mellitus]. 1266 63

Nebivolol is a new selective beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist with nitric oxide (NO)-releasing properties. In the present study we have analyzed whether nebivolol affects the development of the arterial hypertension that follows the chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. Nebivolol (1 mg/kg/day, 14 days) was given concurrently with the NO synthesis inhibitor Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg/day, 14 days) to several groups of rats. Blood pressure, renal function, plasma renin activity (PRA), and NO activity and metabolites were measured at the end of the treatment period. L-NAME treatment alone increased mean arterial pressure dose dependently (103.5 +/- 2.4, 110.9 +/- 2.0, and 125.8 +/- 2.2 mmHg, respectively). Nebivolol completely prevented the development of arterial hypertension in the groups treated with L-NAME at the doses of 0.1 and 1 mg/kg/day and reduced the increase achieved with the L-NAME dose of 10 mg/kg/day (110.3 +/- 2.7). There were no differences in glomerular filtration rate or natriuresis between nebivolol-treated and -untreated rats. Plasma nitrates+nitrites and calcium-dependent NO synthase activity in the kidney also decreased dose dependently with L-NAME treatment and nebivolol did not significantly modify it. However, PRA was lower in all groups treated with nebivolol and L-NAME as compared to the rats receiving only L-NAME. These data indicate that nebivolol prevents the development of the arterial hypertension associated with chronic NO deficit and this effect seems to be dependent on the inhibition of renin-angiotensin system.
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PMID:Nebivolol ameliorates nitric oxide deficient hypertension. 1280 61

Nebivolol (5-10 mg/day) was given for 12 weeks to 32 patients aged 30-65 years with mild and moderate hypertension. Parameters of pituitary-gonadal system, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system were determined before nebivolol, and after 1 and 3 months. Normalization of diastolic blood pressure effect was achieved in 87.5% of patients with maximal blood pressure lowering (by 18-20%) after 3 months. Administration of nebivolol was associated with decreases of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones, significant elevation of testosterone concentration (p<0.001), suppression of processes of lipid peroxidation and improvement of activity of antioxidant system. The drug was well tolerated.
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PMID:[Effect of nebivolol on the state of pituitary-gonadal system and lipid peroxidation in young and middle aged men with hypertension]. 1289 Dec 74

Nebivolol is a novel, potent and highly selective beta(1)-adrenergic antagonist, devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, that induces endothelium-dependent arterial and venous dilatation via the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway. Nebivolol reduces blood pressure and peripheral vascular resistance and does not depress, but rather maintains or improves, left ventricular function in healthy subjects and in patients with hypertension. It has also been shown to improve large arteries distensibility and compliance and to reduce left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients. Exercise tolerance is not affected, or may even be improved, by nebivolol treatment. In hypertensive patients, once-daily administration is effective over 24 h, with an excellent trough-to-peak ratio. The response to treatment compares favorably with diuretics, typical beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers and ACE inhibitors. The hypotensive effect is independent of age, weight, smoking, alcohol consumption and presence of diabetes. Nebivolol is effective and safe both in young and elderly patients. Nebivolol also has antianginal properties in patients with coronary artery disease and beneficial hemodynamic effects in patients with stable congestive heart failure.
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PMID:Clinical pharmacology of nebivolol. 1297 66

Nebivolol was given for 8 weeks to 34 menopausal women with grade 1 and 2 hypertension. Monotherapy was effective in 66,7% of patients, while in other patients combination with hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg) was required. The use of nebivolol was associated with decreased rate and severity of vasomotion reactions and thus with positive effect on menopausal syndrome. Nebivolol appeared to be safe and metabolically neutral.
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PMID:[The use of nebivolol in menopausal women with hypertension]. 1459 58

We compared the effects of 6 months administration of atenolol or nebivolol on resting and exercise hemodynamic parameters and maximal exercise capacity, in 26 patients with hypertension and left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (ejection fraction >50%, end-diastolic diameter <60 mm and increased pulmonary wedge pressure at rest and/or at peak exercise). Both atenolol and nebivolol administration was associated with a significant decrease in the resting and peak exercise heart rate and blood pressure and in LV mass, with an increase in the E/A ratio. This latter effect was greater with nebivolol. Nebivolol was associated with an increase in the peak VO(2), VO(2) at the anaerobic threshold and with a decrease in the VE/VCO(2) ratio. With regards to the hemodynamic parameters, compared to patients on atenolol, those on nebivolol showed a lower reduction in the cardiac index, a greater increase in the stroke volume index and a decline in the mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure, both at rest and peak exercise. Thus, although the two beta-blockers have a similar antihypertensive action, nebivolol administration was associated with a greater hemodynamic improvement, compared to atenolol.
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PMID:Beta-blocker treatment of patients with diastolic heart failure and arterial hypertension. A prospective, randomized, comparison of the long-term effects of atenolol vs. nebivolol. 1460 1

Until recently elevated blood pressure was considered as a hemodynamic entity representing an increase in workload for the heart and the arterial tree. Control of hypertension meant hemodynamic unloading, through inhibition of vasoconstrictor pathways, principally renin-angiotensin system and sympathetic system. In recent years however a new pharmacological approach has evolved as a result of (i) the dissociation of endothelial dysfunction and vascular pathology from increased blood pressure; (ii) the recognition that endothelial dysfunction regards not only the vascular reactivity, but also promotes atherosclerosis and thrombosis; and (iii) an improved understanding of the complexity of local-tissue renin angiotensin system and of the vasodilatory and cytoprotective role of natriuretic peptides. This has led to a reconsideration of existing medicines in terms of specification on endothelial function, more rationalized application of drugs and search for new compounds targeting both vasodilatory and anti-proliferative pathways. Examples include beta1-adrenergic antagonists, such as Nebivolol and Carvedilol, and vasopeptidase inhibitors, such as Omapatrilat, that inhibit simultaneously the angiotensin converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase. Furthermore the identification of genetic polymorphisms in the effectors involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension or in the response to anti-hypertensive drugs, such as the p22phox subunit of NADPH oxidase, alpha-adducin or adrenergic receptors, has promoted the prospective of both better understanding of hypertension and individualized strategies for its treatment.
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PMID:The shift in the "paradigm" of the pharmacology of hypertension. 1496 15

Nebivolol is a racemic mixture of d- and l-enantiomers. The drug is characterized by beta(1)-adrenoceptor selectivity and long-acting beta-blockade exerted predominantly by d-enantiomer. Nebivolol is devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and has no relevant membrane stabilizing action. Antiproliferative properties of nebivolol were demonstrated in endothelial and smooth muscle cell cultures. Infusion of nebivolol causes a vasodilation in all vascular beds by endothelial-dependent mechanism involving stimulation of beta(3)-adrenoceptors as well as by endothelial-independent mechanism. Nebivolol possesses not only direct vasodilator properties but also augments the action of endothelium-dependent vasodilators. The antioxidant property of nebivolol can at least in part explain why treatment with this drug enhances eNOS activity and minimizes the reperfusion-induced myocardial injury. The systemic effects of nebivolol in humans have an unusual hemodynamic profile. In contrast to traditional beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, nebivolol reduces preload and afterload due to systemic vasodilation and improves arterial distensibility. At 5 mg daily nebivolol effectively reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure over a 24-h period. During treatment with nebivolol arterial pressure follows the natural circadian rhythm. Trough-to-peak ratio for nebivolol is 0.9. It has been demonstrated in numerous placebo-controlled studies that exercise tolerance is not reduced during nebivolol therapy. By chronic administration to patients with left ventricular dysfunction nebivolol increases myocardial contractility. Nebivolol produced no significant changes in lipid levels, insulin sensitivity or glucose tolerance. These findings make nebivolol a promising therapeutic tool for the treatment of arterial hypertension and chronic heart failure.
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PMID:Pharmacological mechanisms of clinically favorable properties of a selective beta1-adrenoceptor antagonist, nebivolol. 1549 65


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