Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hemodynamic changes of lesser circulation were investigated in 108 patients with diabetic nephroangiopathy. They were also given vitamin E therapy (8 micrograms/kg of body mass) for 2 weeks to correct metabolic derangements and indices of pulmonary hemodynamics. Partial renal function was determined with 131I-hippuran and 99mTc-DTPA renoscintigraphy. Pulmonary hemodynamics was assessed with pulmonary scintigraphy (MAA 99mTc). The results have shown that vascular renal lesions in diabetes mellitus cause hypertension of lesser circulation and disorders in pulmonary microcirculation, and disorders of lipid metabolism and activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) progress with augmentation of severity of disease. Vitamin E therapy improves pulmonary hemodynamics, lipid metabolism and LPO. Antioxidant correction was most effective at the initial stages of diabetic nephroangiopathy.
 ...
PMID:[Disorders of pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with diabetic nephroangiopathy and its correction with antioxidants]. 151 66

Effects of vitamin E on platelet function and serum lipid peroxide levels were investigated in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. In the hypertensive rats, ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation in whole blood were markedly attenuated and accompanied by a reduction of serotonin content as compared with the normotensive controls. These facts indicated the appearance of exhausted platelets, which have already been activated in vivo, due to the hypertension. Platelet vitamin E levels were decreased by 50%, while serum lipid peroxide levels were increased 3.6-fold in the hypertensive rats. Vitamin E administration (10 times the dietary intake) during the experimental periods did not influence either the aggregability or the serotonin content of platelets from the hypertensive rats. However, vitamin E administration significantly prevented the elevation of serum lipid peroxides due to the hypertension. These results suggest that vitamin E administration has little effect on platelet activation in vivo due to DOCA-salt hypertension.
 ...
PMID:Effects of vitamin E administration on platelet function and serum lipid peroxides in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. 205 24

Most of the estimated 40 million blind individuals in the world are in the older age groups. Data on blindness and visual impairment are primarily from blindness registries and prevalence surveys in different countries throughout the world. The quality of these data vary tremendously from one country to another, and comparability of the results from different studies is difficult. However, all studies indicate an increase in the prevalence of visual loss and blindness with increasing age. Cataract is the most prevalent eye disease in the world and is a major cause of visual loss in developing as well as in developed countries. Other major eye diseases in the elderly include age related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. A number of risk factors have been suggested for cataract, age related macular degeneration, and glaucoma, yet few have been well established. Certain factors for these conditions are similar, including age, hypertension, prolonged exposure to sunlight, and nutritional factors such as Vitamin E. Epidemiologic studies are needed to define the risk factors for these different eye diseases with the goal of decreasing risk of disease and possible disease prevention, as well as developing better estimates of the magnitude of the problems of visual loss and eye diseases in the elderly.
 ...
PMID:Epidemiology of eye disease in the elderly. 365 39

Vitamin E, cholesterol and triglycerides were measured in blood sera of 167 patients (40-59 years old) with angina pectoris. An increase in concentration of vitamin E was observed only in patients with hyperlipidemia, whereas the vitamin content was similar to the control values in patients with hypertension, in smokers and in the persons free of risk factor. Distinct correlation was found only between vitamin E and the triglycerides contents (r = 0.42). These data corresponded to the results of a previous examination of 224 men and 435 women without ischemic heart disease: in men the content of vitamin E correlated with triglycerides (r = 0.50) and in women--with cholesterol (r = 0.34). The ratio of vitamin E/triglycerides appears to be a more adequate index of the vitamin content in men.
 ...
PMID:[Vitamin E and serum lipids in ischemic heart disease]. 647 33

Dietary effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) omega-3 on lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant system were studied in 73 patients with ischemic heart disease, hyperlipoproteinemia (HLPE) type IIa, IIb, IV and essential hypertension. Eiconol-enriched antiatherosclerotic diet has more potent hypolipidemic, hypotensive and thrombolytic action in association with inhibition of LPO, enhances SOD activity, keeps red cell catalase within normal. Vitamin E concentrations were not changed. It is suggested that eiconol addition to antiatherosclerotic diet causes no LPO induction and is pathognomonic for HLPE, hypertension and IHD patients.
 ...
PMID:[Dietary effects of PUFA omega-3 on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in patients with IHD, hyperlipoproteinemia and hypertension]. 781 30

Changes in platelet aggregability patterns and lipid peroxide levels and their relationship were examined in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats during the development of hypertension. In addition, the effect of vitamin E treatment on those changes was also investigated. The blood pressure of the hypertensive rats was 188, 201, 212 mmHg on day 11, 17, and 23, respectively. In the hypertensive rats, both aggregability and granule content in platelet decreased on day 12, 18, 24, and marked decreases were observed on day 24. These data suggested the appearance of exhausted platelets, which had been already activated in vivo due to the hypertension. Marked increases in lipid peroxide levels in serum, the heart and the kidney were observed on day 24 in the hypertensive rats. Increase in serum urea nitrogen was also observed in the hypertensive rats on day 24, suggesting the dysfunction of the kidney. Vitamin E treatment did not prevent in vivo platelet activation due to hypertension, but greatly prevented the elevations of lipid peroxides in serum, the heart and the kidney, and serum urea nitrogen. These results suggested that in vivo platelet activation, an increase of lipid peroxides, and renal dysfunction occur in this order due to hypertension, and that the latter two are significantly prevented by vitamin E treatment.
 ...
PMID:Vitamin E did not prevent platelet activation, but prevented increase of lipid peroxides and renal dysfunction in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. 812 Jun 68

Abnormal regulation of local vascular tone occurs early in human and experimental atherosclerosis. Impaired endothelium-dependent vascular relaxations mediated by endothelium-derived relaxing factor are an important contributor to these abnormalities. Endothelium-derived relaxing factor is nitric oxide released as such or attached to a carrier molecule. Oxidized lipoproteins impede endothelium-derived relaxing factor-mediated responses in vitro. We designed in vivo experiments to determine whether hypercholesterolemia with and without deficiency of two endogenous lipid antioxidants, vitamin E and selenium, would result in endothelial dysfunction. Vitamin E and selenium deficiencies were induced in a group of hypertension-prone Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a diet high in cholesterol (4%) but low in NaCl (0.5%) for 18 weeks. Two other groups of Dahl salt-sensitive rats received diets sufficient in vitamin E and selenium but containing either high or normal cholesterol levels (control group). Serum cholesterol levels increased approximately 10-fold in the two groups of rats fed high-cholesterol diets. Systolic blood pressure was 143 +/- 3 mm Hg in high-cholesterol/vitamin E- and selenium-sufficient rats and 142 +/- 5 mm Hg in high-cholesterol/vitamin E- and selenium-deficient rats (P = NS). Mild intimal thickening and occasional mononuclear cell infiltration were observed in both of these groups. Serum vitamin E levels were decreased, whereas serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and exhaled pentane (two indicators of endogenous lipid oxidation) were significantly increased in high-cholesterol/vitamin E- and selenium-deficient rats compared with high-cholesterol/vitamin E- and selenium-sufficient rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hypertension 1993 Jul
PMID:Hypercholesterolemia promotes endothelial dysfunction in vitamin E- and selenium-deficient rats. 831 92

Recent studies suggest that vitamin E may be an important preventative factor in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. In order to more clearly define the role of vitamin E in atherosclerosis, we measured vitamin E, conjugated diens, and lipid flurochromes, as well as cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipid in arterial and venous tissue of 83 patients. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in patients with aortic occlusive (AIOD) and aneurysmal (AAA) disease than in control organ donors (OD). Tissue cholesterol concentrations were significantly elevated in AAA tissue when compared to OD and tissue from patients with peripheral occlusive disease (POD). Tissue from patients with AIOD contained greater concentrations of phospholipid (PL) than were measured in patients with POD and in OD. Vitamin E concentrations were highest in POD tissue and approximately 3.0, 2.0, and 1.6 fold greater than OD, AIOD and AAA tissue respectively. Diene conjugates and lipid flurochromes, measures of early and intermediate products of lipid peroxidation, were markedly elevated in all diseased arterial tissue compared to controls. There were no significant differences in tissue or serum lipid levels between saphenous vein (SVBG) and diseased vein grafts (DVG). However, conjugated diene concentrations were elevated in DVG compared to SVBG. Vitamin E levels were significantly elevated in diseased arterial and venous tissue (AIOD, AAA, POD, DVG) removed from patients with diabetes (P = 0.013) and hypertension (P = 0.049) compared to those without these risk factors. Diabetes was the only risk factor associated with significantly increased (P = 0.005) levels of vitamin E when only data from atherosclerotic arterial tissue (AAA, POD, AIOD) were analyzed. These preliminary data provide additional evidence of altered vitamin E metabolism and free radical processes in the tissues of patients with various manifestations of atherosclerosis.
 ...
PMID:Vitamin E levels in human atherosclerotic plaque: the influence of risk factors. 890 54

The study was carried out on 60 oxygen-treated premature infants weighed less than 2000 g (1529 +/- 302 g, x mean +/- S. D.) and on their mothers. Both the Retinopathy of Prematurity screening and the biochemical tests were started at the age of 6 weeks. According to our results, the signs of an acute oxidative stress could be seen in all 60 oxygen-treated prematures erythrocyte's glutathione redox system, independently of the presence of the retinopathy compared to prematures (n = 20) with the same gestational age but without oxygen therapy (1720 +/- 305 g, mean +/- S.D.). The concentrations of free sulfhydril groups in the plasma, and the blood selenium levels were significantly lower in the prematures suffering from moderate retinopathy (n = 5) than in the other oxygen-treated premature without retinopathy (n = 27) and with "any retinopathy" (n = 28) patients groups. The same tendency was seen in the mothers. Vitamin E treatment of "any retinopathy" infants seemed to have a positive effect against the development of Retinopathy of Prematurity. The close correlation found between the antioxidant capacity of the mothers and babies suggest that the supplementation of feeding with sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine, cysteine) during pregnancy would improve the antioxidant capacity of prematures. An antioxidant cocktail (selenium + vitamin E) given to the high-risk mothers (advanced age, smoking, pregnancy-induced hypertension) before delivery as suggested in literature might be useful in prevention of Retinopathy of Prematurity.
 ...
PMID:[Prospective biochemical study of the antioxidant defense capacity in retinopathy of prematurity]. 907 53

Recently, hyperlipidemia as well as hypertension has been observed in Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rats. In this study, to investigate whether the lipid abnormality is involved in the renal injury of Dahl S rats, we examined the effect of vitamin E on glomerular sclerosis, as vitamin E is an inhibitor of lipid oxidation. Dahl S rats were given a high salt diet (8% NaCl) containing either normal vitamin E (2 mg/100 g) or high vitamin E (50 mg/100 g) for 4 weeks. Dahl salt-resistant (R) rats were given a high salt and normal vitamin E diet. The blood pressure in the Dahl rats increased and was not suppressed by the vitamin E supplement. Serum cholesterol and triglycerides in Dahl S rats were higher than in Dahl R rats at both 0 and 4 weeks. Vitamin E lowered the serum cholesterol level in Dahl S rats at 4 weeks (126 +/- 5 v 150 +/- 12 mg/dL, P < .01). Urinary protein excretion and serum creatinine increased in Dahl S rats, and vitamin E inhibited the increases significantly (urinary protein, 70.7 +/- 0.9 v 178.0 +/- 8.8 mg/day, P < .01; serum creatinine, 0.45 +/- 0.02 v 0.63 +/- 0.05 mg/dL, P < .01). Serum lipid peroxide (LPO) was higher in Dahl S rats than in Dahl R rats, and vitamin E lowered LPO in Dahl S rats (2.10 +/- 0.03 v 2.70 +/- 0.04 nmol/mL, P < .01). In the histologic study, sclerosing score (SS) of glomeruli, which represents the degree of glomerulosclerosis semiquantitatively, was higher in Dahl S rats than in Dahl R rats. Vitamin E lowered SS (114 +/- 3 v 157 +/- 6, P < .01) and ameliorated arterial injuries such as medial thickness with partial necrosis and severe fibrinoid proliferation with inflammatory cell infiltration. In all rats, SS was strongly correlated with urinary protein (r = 0.93, P < .01), serum cholesterol (r = 0.86, P < .01), and serum LPO (r = 0.89, P < .01). These results suggest that the renal injury in Dahl S rats is caused not only by hypertension but also by hyperlipidemia. Therefore, vitamin E might ameliorate the renal damage by inhibiting the oxidation of lipids.
 ...
PMID:Vitamin E ameliorates the renal injury of Dahl salt-sensitive rats. 916 Jul 94


1 2 3 4 Next >>