Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty-six patients with chronic hypertension were cared for during a total of 72 pregnancies. Patients were treated at home primarily by greater than or equal to 4 hours of bed rest daily in the left recumbent position. Only patients whose diastolic blood pressures remained greater than 110 mmHg were treated with hydralazine (Apresoline, Ciba). With this plan of treatment there were only 3 perinatal deaths for an uncorrected perinatal mortality of 4.1% (1.4% corrected). Twenty-nine percent of the patients had babies that were small for gestational age, 13.8% had positive oxytocin challenge tests, and 36.8% developed superimposed preeclampsia. When compared with the outcome of previous pregnancies, the program of bed rest lowered perinatal mortality from 16.8 to 8.8%. Thus, it is suggested that bed rest together with the avoidance of diuretics and the judicious use of hydralazine results in the most favorable fetal outcome.
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PMID:Evaluation of a program of bed rest in the treatment of chronic hypertension in pregnancy. 42 5

Cocaine abuse is widespread, and its use by the parturient has potential significant adverse effects in both the mother and the newborn. This study was undertaken in gravid ewes to determine the effects of treatment of cocaine-induced hypertension with hydralazine (Apresoline) on the maternal and fetal cardiovascular systems, catecholamine response, blood gas and acid-base status, and uterine blood flow (UBF). Twenty-one experiments were performed in 15 chronically instrumented ewes near term gestation. After a 30-min control period, cocaine was given intravenously to all ewes for 55 min to induce and maintain increased maternal mean arterial pressure (MMAP) and reduced UBF. The sheep were randomly assigned to receive either cocaine alone (n = 11, control group) or hydralazine (n = 10, treatment group), starting 15 min after the cocaine administration. Both drugs were discontinued 55 min after the start of the cocaine administration, followed by a 35-min recovery period. In the control group, cocaine administration resulted in a 31 +/- 13% (SD) increase in MMAP (P less than 0.05) and a 26 +/- 21% reduction in UBF (P less than 0.05). In the treatment group, the initial cocaine administration resulted in a similar increase in MMAP and decrease in UBF. Hydralazine therapy restored MMAP toward baseline after 20 min of administration, but UBF remained reduced (37 +/- 17%) throughout therapy (P less than 0.05) and recovery (18 +/- 13%) (P less than 0.05). The maternal heart rate increased maximally by 121 +/- 33% (P less than 0.05) after the administration of hydralazine, compared with a 14 +/- 21% increase (P less than 0.05) in the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Hydralazine does not restore uterine blood flow during cocaine-induced hypertension in the pregnant ewe. 155 Feb 83

A case of hepatic adenoma associated with oral contraceptive (OC) use in a 34-year old housewife is described. The patient presented with transient headaches which were experienced primarily on waking in the morning and were not alleviated with common analgesics. Hypertension was observed. Arteriographs of the kidneys were normal, but a hypervascularized zone in the liver was discovered. The patient, an emotional woman who habitually took sedatives for sleep, had used Neogynon OCs for 8 years. Most other findings were normal. The patient was treated with 20 mg Apresoline and 30 drops of Hydergina/day. After the suppression of the OCs, the patient's condition was favorable, with normal blood pressure of 120/80. The tumor was removed. Radiographic films and microscopic findings are reproduced. The tumor was clinically asymptomatic and was discovered by chance during an evaluation of hypertension. Until the intervention there was no hemoperitoneum. Because of the surgical intervention it was not possible to determine whether the tumor would have regressed after discontinuation of the OCs, as sometimes reported.
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PMID:[Hepatic adenoma caused by contraceptives. Presentation of a case]. 630 37

Despite the short plasma half-life of hydralazine, once daily Slow Apresoline has been shown to maintain blood pressure control in well controlled hypertension. In the present investigation of 118 inadequately controlled hypertensives, we have shown that 50-150 mg Slow Apresoline once daily induces a significant blood pressure reduction and is well tolerated. Normotension, i.e. supine diastolic blood pressure less than 95 mmHg, was reached in 53% of the patients. Normotension or a supine diastolic blood pressure reduction of greater than or equal to 10 mmHg was achieved in 72% of the patients, the hydralazine responders. Sixteen patients discontinued treatment due to symptoms probably related to hydralazine. Acetylator phenotyping showed that slow acetylators predominated in the group of patients discontinuing hydralazine due to side-effects. In contrast, 90% of the phenotyped non-responders were rapid acetylators, which suggests a suboptimal use of hydralazine in some rapid acetylators.
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PMID:Evaluation of once daily hydralazine in inadequately controlled hypertension. 636 41

The diagnostic principles and current therapy employed in cases of arterial hypertension during pregnancy are summarised. Apresoline is recommended in all forms of hypertension. Salt free diets and diuretics are usually not recommended in pre-eclampsia-eclampsia. In all other hypertensive forms they are, but in association with apresoline and/or beta-blocking agents.
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PMID:[Arterial hypertension in pregnancy. Concise review]. 637 13

QuestionQuite a few of my pregnant patients have hypertensive disorders. What is the threshold for treating hypertension during pregnancy? Which of the various antihypertensive agents are considered safe during pregnancy?AnswerPharmacologic therapy could benefit mother and baby when diastolic pressure exceeds 110 mm Hg. Preeclampsia must be followed closely. Methyldopa (eg, Aldomet) and hydralazine (eg, Apresoline) are still the drugs of choice during pregnancy, although the safety and efficacy of calcium channel blockers and Beta-blockers appear well established.
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PMID:Therapeutic approach to hypertension during pregnancy. 964 May 15

Twenty-one patients have been treated for hypertension with oral doses of hexamethonium salts, Apresoline(R) or combinations of both. Three of 18 patients had good or excellent response to hexamethonium alone. Five of 13 treated with hexamethonium salts plus Apresoline had good or excellent results, as did 8 of 14 treated with Apresoline alone. The addition of very small doses of hexamethonium chloride to optimal doses of Apresoline improved the effect of the Apresoline in three patients. Postural hypotension and constipation due to hexamethonium were the most serious undesirable effects.
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PMID:Hexamethonium and hydralazine hydrochloride for treatment of hypertension. 1312 25