Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighty days after i.c. cryoextraction of the lens without any complications, intra- or postoperative, choroidal detachment was observed in a 68-year-old woman (hypertension, diabetes m..amaurosis of the right eye after central artery embolism). -Conventional decongestive drugs (Reparil, Tantum, Tanderil) had no effect. Within 6 days of treatment with microwaves, 2.5% Hydrocortisone and atropine eye-drops and Prednisolone (10 mg/die) internally there was complete regression of the detachment.
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PMID:[Late choroidal detachment after i.c. cryoextraction of the lens (author's transl)]. 95 74

A case of polyarteritis nodosa (PN) in childhood involving various organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, skin, CNS, kidneys and liver with hypogammaglobulinemia is reported. This 6 month old girl was admitted to our hospital with vomiting, diarrhea, bloody stools with mucous and weight loss. For the past 5 months she had these abdominal symptoms. She was diagnosed as having PN of the Kussmaul-Maier variety on the grounds of the biopsy of skin lesion where a necrotizing vasculitis was found. Prednisolone and methylprednisolone pulse treatment were not effective in suppressing the progress of the disease. At the age of 1 year 7 month a combination therapy of prednisolone and immunosuppressants (cyclophosphamide) was started and this was found to be effective. She was discharged when she was 2 year and 2 month. The dosage of prednisolone was tapered as the activity of the PN decreased and she did well with a maintainance dosage of 9.5 mg/day. At 3 year 6 month of age she suddenly developed hypertension (the plasma renin activity was found to be 16.6 ng/m/hr. and the aldosterone 220 ng/dl). CNS involvement such as spinal cord dysfunction, left sided convulsions, cerebral hemorrhage developed 5 months later. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was performed 3 times and 2 mg/kg/day of prednisolone was administered. In spite of this therapy she passed away with a massive cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 4 year 8 month. Unfortunately an autopsy was not performed. Results of the immunological tests proved that the hypogammaglobulinemia was a common variable immunodeficiency (CVI). It has been reported that primary immuno-deficiency syndrome is often associated with collagen disease and auto-immune disease. This lack of the defense mechanism against the virus or extra antigen could be related to the onset of collagen and auto-immune disease. As the correlation between CVI and PN has not been clarified this case is of interest as concerns the cause of PN.
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PMID:[A case of hypogammaglobulinemia associated with polyarteritis nodosa presenting a variety of symptoms in childhood]. 197 16

In previous studies, administration of adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH; 0.5 mg i.m. b.d. for 5 days) to normal subjects produced an adrenally dependent rise in blood pressure (BP) of some 20 mmHg, accompanied by an increase in cardiac output and an increase in plasma volume. The BP and metabolic effects of ACTH (increase in plasma glucose, fall in eosinophils, increase in body weight and urine sodium retention) were reproduced by infusion of the glucocorticoid (GC) cortisol at rates (6-8 mg/h) which reproduced the blood concentrations of the steroid achieved with ACTH administration. Oral administration (hydrocortisone 200 mg daily) produced similar changes qualitatively, although the cortisol concentrations and increase in pressure (12 mmHg) were less. Plasma volume was increased. To determine the role of urine sodium retention and plasma volume expansion in the hypertension, we gave synthetic steroids to six normal subjects for 5 days, at doses which were calculated to be similar for GC activity, but which had little or no mineralocorticoid (MC) activity. Prednisolone (40 mg/day), methylprednisolone (32 mg/day), triamcinolone (40 mg/day) and dexamethasone (8 mg/day) all produced equivalent GC effects (increase in plasma glucose, increase in total white cell count, fall in direct eosinophil count). There were no MC effects with any of the steroids. Body weight did not increase and urinary sodium excretion increased rather than decreased. Plasma volume (125I human serum albumin) and haematocrit were unchanged. BP rose with all four steroids: systolic BP rose by 13 mmHg with prednisolone, by 9 mmHg with methylprednisolone, by 10 mmHg with triamcinolone, and by 6 mmHg with dexamethasone. Diastolic BP increases were 8, 11, 8 and 7 mmHg, respectively. Thus, neither MC activity nor an increase in plasma volume is essential for steroids to induce an increase in blood pressure. Therefore, screening of synthetic GCs to minimize MC activity will not prevent hypertensive complications.
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PMID:The hypertensive effect of synthetic glucocorticoids in man: role of sodium and volume. 276 Apr 58

It is well known that the case of multiple myeloma shows punched-out lesions of the cranium without intracranial hypertension. In this paper a case of multiple myeloma is reported showing intracranial hypertension due to a large tumor that developed in the left parietal bone. There are only 13 case reports about cranial mass lesion of multiple myeloma since 1928. A 52 year-old female was admitted to Iwate Prefectural Isawa Hospital suffering from headache, nausea and vomiting. She had been already diagnosed as multiple myeloma and treated with chemotherapy using Cyclophosphamide, Melphalan and Prednisolone for 2 years. On admission, a large subcutaneous mass was presented on the left parietal region. Craniogram revealed large osteolytic lesion of the left parietal bone and 3 punched-out lesions of the frontal bone. CT scan revealed a large mass lesion in the left epidural space, diploe and subcutaneous space. Angiography showed avascular area. Brain scintigram showed diffuse hot area. Other skeletal bones showed no abnormality. Laboratory examination revealed high concentration of gamma-globulin and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Electrophoresis showed high value of immunoglobulin G; immunoglobulin assay was as follows: IgG-6000 mg/dl, IgA-150 mg/dl, IgM-410 mg/dl, IgE-0 mg/dl. Serum electrolytes were within normal limits. Urine didn't include Bence-Jones protein. The patient was diagnosed as multiple myeloma suffering from intracranial hypertension caused by large tumor which developed in the left parietal bone. On the operation, large tumor was existed in the epidural and subcutaneous space invading into the diploe but without infiltration into the dura mater or cerebral cortex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of multiple myeloma showing intracranial hypertension due to large cranial mass lesions]. 375 28

Burkitt's lymphoma was first reported by Burkitt in 1958 as a sarcoma involving the jaw in African children with characteristic symptoms. Forty three Japanese cases have been reported since the first description by Oboshi et al. in 1969. We report a case of Burkitt's lymphoma with left total ophthalmoplegia. A 73-year-old Japanese female was admitted in Sadamoto Hospital on July 11, 1983 with a two-week history of headache, ptosis and double vision. The patient was exposed to the atomic bomb in Hiroshima and had ten-year history of hypertension. On admission, physical examination showed hypertension and neurological examination revealed only left total ophthalmoplegia (such as left ptosis, external ophthalmoplegia, mydriasis and deficit of light reflex). Plain X-ray film and enhanced CT scan showed no remarkable abnormalities. Laboratory examinations revealed high serum levels of GOT(51 K.U.) and LDH (1300 U.). Left carotid and right retrograde branchial angiograms showed no remarkable abnormal findings. While the patient was treated only conservatively, left abducent and trochleal nerve palsy appeared on August 5, 1983. On plain and enhanced CT scans at the time, abnormal density mass with bone destruction of the left sphenoidal sinus was demonstrated. Biopsy specimen from the left sphenoidal sinus showed lymphosarcomatous cells. Peripheral blood and bone marrow smears showed lymphoma cells which are compatible with L3-Burkitt's type according to FAB leukemia classification. The patient was diagnosed as leukemic transformation of Burkitt's lymphoma and treated with CHOP; Cyclophosphamide (C), Hydroxydaunorubicin(H), Vincristine (O), and Prednisolone (P).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of Burkitt's lymphoma with total ophthalmoplegia]. 408 40

Nephrotic syndrome in children is a very common disease in Thailand. Most of the patients respond well to oral prednisolone treatment but side effects of the drug especially adrenal insufficiency remains a threat to all. We studied the adrenal function by studying the response to ACTH stimulation test in 14 Thai children, nine girls and five boys, with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: immediately, 3, 6 and 9 months after discontinuation of oral prednisolone treatment. Average age on entry to the study was 104.4 months (25-183 months). Prednisolone was given every day for 29 days (6-64 days) then every other day for 542 days (178-1,562 days). Side effects of steroid treatment were gross obesity BMI > 30 (one patient), moderate hypertension (one patient), and marked cushingoid features (two patients). ACTH stimulation tests were normal in 64 per cent of patients within 7 days, 64 per cent at 3 months, 73 per cent at 6 months, and 90 per cent at 9 months after discontinuation of oral prednisolone. We suggest that adrenal insufficiency has to be considered in all children on prolonged prednisolone unit at least 9 months of treatment-free period.
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PMID:Adrenal function after prednisolone treatment in childhood nephrotic syndrome. 779 46

The authors present a case report of a 62-year old woman, with hypertension for many years. She suffered from weakness, anorexia and weight loss in the last 6 months. On admission, anemia, elevated ESR, haematuria, proteinuria and renal failure were present. Renal biopsy was compatible with chronic glomerulonephritis. The clinical picture and positivity for P-ANCA suggested systemic vasculitis. Later evidence of maxillary sinusitis and nasal mucosae ulcers as well as pneumonitis, although biopsy did not reveal granulomas, suggested the diagnosis of Wegener Vasculitis. Medicated with Cyclophosphamide and Prednisolone, for a year, with improvement. The authors make a brief discussion of the clinical criteria for classification of ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis.
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PMID:[Vasculitis associated with ANCA]. 794 37

Renal artery infarction is a very rare complication in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), even in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome which often causes thromboembolism: Renal infarctions have only been reported in 4 SLE patients with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Here we report a case of SLE without aPL who accompanied by renal and cerebral infarctions. A 42-year old Japanese woman with 8 year history of SLE manifested by arthralgia, central nervous system symptoms, positive-antinuclear and anti-DNA antibodies was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of progressive lupus nephritis. Physical examinations revealed hypertension (130-160/80-110 mmHg) without pitting pretibial edema. Laboratory evaluations showed proteinuria (3.7 g/day), normal serum creatinine level (0.9 mg/dl), low serum albumin level (2.3 g/dl) and high cholesterol level (317 mg/dl). Old cerebral infarctions were recognized by magnetic resonance imaging. However, hematological and immunological studies revealed that this case has neither a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, lupus anticoagulant nor anticardiolipin antibodies. Prednisolone was increased from 30 mg/every other day to 30 mg/day, and oral azathioprine, 50 mg/day, was started for the treatment of lupus nephritis. On the 11th day, she suddenly complained severe abdominal pain, which gradually localized on the right side. Computed tomography of the kidney suggested right renal infarctions, and arteriography of right renal artery confirmed both an obstruction of the ventral branch and a narrowing of the dorsal branch of right renal artery. No intra-cardiac thrombus was demonstrated by echocardiography. Following to the treatment with fibrinolytic agent and anticoagulant, her symptoms have improved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Renal and cerebral infarctions in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus without antiphospholipid antibodies]. 823 16

A 65-year-old woman was given a diagnosis of polymyositis in April 1991. She was treated with prednisolone until December 1993, at which time muscle strength had increased and high blood pressure had developed. In May 1994 she was hospitalized for muscle weakness and mild liver dysfunction. Prednisolone was given and the levels of hepatobiliary enzymes decreased. Immunological examination revealed strongly positive results for anti-mitochondria antibody and M-2 antibody, which lead to the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis. administration of ursodeoxycholic acid in addition to prednisolone was followed by normalization of liver function and a decrease in the production of the autoantibodies. Although polymyositis can be complicated by autoimmune diseases, reports of complication by primary biliary cirrhosis are rare, here we report that treatment with the combination of ursodeoxycholic acid and prednisolone was successful in a patient with liver dysfunction and primary biliary cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Primary biliary cirrhosis with polymyositis successfully treated with prednisolone and ursodeoxycholic acid]. 895 42

A 67-year-old man, treated for years for hypertension, presented with a persistent dry cough and dyspnea 10 days after the administration of drugs including Sho-seiryu-to against the common cold. Chest X-ray and CT scans revealed diffuse reticular shadows in both lung fields. Under a suspected diagnosis of drug-induced pneumonia or a complex of bacterial and interstitial pneumonia, Sho-seiryu-to was discontinued and antibiotics started. After several days, chest X-ray reticular shadows developed and hypoxia worsened. Subsequently the patient received Prednisolone. Two days later his symptoms and findings markedly improved. Drug lymphocyte stimulation tests for Sho-seiryu-to using peripheral lymphocyte were positive and other drugs were negative. Chest CT showed the reversed halo sign in right middle zone, which was relatively specific to the cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. On the basis of clinical history and these findings, we diagnosed a drug-induced interstitial pneumonia caused by the herbal medicine Sho-seiryu-to. To our knowledge, this is the first case of Sho-seiryu-to induced interstitial pneumonia to be reported.
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PMID:[A case where herbal medicine sho-seiryu-to induced interstitial pneumonitis]. 1570 49


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