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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The static elasticity (Ep) (Peterson) and the characteristic impedance of the aorta (Zo) (Mac Donald) were evaluated by the simultaneous measurement of the pressure and diameter of the ascending aorta in 30 patients: 18 subjects were free from any aortic pathology (Group I), subjects had persistant arterial hypertension (Groupe II), and 3 subjects had aortic incompetence (Group III). In the group I patients, Ep increased significantly with age, and with the aortic pressure and diameter. In groupe II, Ep increased significantly only with aortic pressure. A narrow correlation was found between the characteristic impedance of the ascending aorta and the systolic ejection resistance, except in those patients with aortic incompetence, in whom it seems that Zo is a better measure of ejection resistance. In the group I patients, impedance increased significantly with age. No significant difference was found in the characteristic impedence between patients of groups I and II, the aortic diameter being greater in the latter group.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1976 Jul
PMID:[Evaluation of static elasticity and characteristic impedence of the aorta. Their relationships with age, aortic pressure and ventricular ejection resistance]. 82 36

A young girl of 15 with an aorto-pulmonary fistula was treated surgically, with a successful outcome. The clinical diagnosis could only be established at right-sided catheterisation, and especially at retrograde per-arterial aortography. The small size of the fistula explains the low level of the pulmonary arterial hypertension, and the way in which the condition was well-tolerated for some time. The association of this lesion with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis is extremely rare.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1976 Jan
PMID:[Aortopulmonary fistula with interventricular defect and pulmonary valve stenosis in a 15-year-old girl. Surgical correction]. 82 90

A study of the distribution of the various risk factors for coronary artery disease as a function of the age and sex of a homogenous population of 316 patients has brought to light the following findings: -- These was found to be a greater incidence (statistically significant) of hypertension disorders of glucose metabolism obesity and hypercholesterolaemia in the females, and of tobacco consumption (cigarettes) and, to a lesser extent, of hypertriglyceridaemia and of gout in the males; -- The females who 'tot up' risk factors have their myocardial infarction at a greater age than the males -- The risk factor which separates the two sexes in the consumption of cigarette tobacco. These findings agree with those already in the literature.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1976 Sep
PMID:[Myocardial infarction: comparative study of principal risk factors in the two sexes]. 82 69

The course of mean arterial pressure was compared in two series concerning 18 primary or tumoral hyperaldosteronism and 8 idiopathic ones. Identification of the nature of the hyperaldosteronism should not yet motivate a decision on principle, surgical in case of tumor, medical in an idiopathic case. In the latter case cooperation and tolerance of medical treatment, severity of hypertension also come into consideration. A positive spirolactone test, a hypertension course of less than six years were in our experience a good indication of successful surgery, as opposed to a normal unilateral renal biopsy. In case of operation, the removal protocol should adapt to the peroperative findings; 80% adrenalectomy is the most common procedure, except in the case of isolated adenoma of more than 10 mm diameter.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1976 Nov
PMID:[Primary and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism. Course 1 year after operation. Apropos of 28 cases]. 82 53

Hypertensives in pregnancy are not so grossly distinct and different from adult hypertensives if reference is made to the underlying arterial anomalies and malformations of the parenchyma and their incidence. It is, however, in this group that the limited way in which the active remnant of parenchyma, once constrained by these anomalies, can compensate for the changes in pressure and volume sensitivity imposed by pregnancy is most evident; these changes may be caused by pyelonephritis of pregnancy (genuine but rare), eclampsia of the primigravida, progressive hypertension in the multigravida, or certain cases of late hypertension, menopausal hypertension, or hypertension as a late result of a simple juvenile eclampsia. This series contains a particularly high percentage (21%) of cases of hypertension due to unilateral renal arterial ischaemia which are curable.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1976 Dec
PMID:[Renal arteries and renal parenchyma in arterial hypertension in pregnancy]. 82 57

The authors report the data of a systematic electrocardiographic study of 307 subjects suffering from hypertension. They analyse the EKG anomalies at rest and after exercise and study the relationships likely to exist between these anomalies and other parameters such as age, blood pressure, etc. They stress the diagnostic but also discriminatory value of this type of investigation in hypertension.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1976 Dec
PMID:[Data from systematic electrocardiographic study during exercise in hypertensive patients. Apropos of 307 cases]. 82 67

The role of triglycerides in cardiovascular disease is a controversial subject. Despite differences of opinion, present data allow a certain number of conclusions to be drawn. Hyperchylomicronemia is not associated with atherosclerosis, whereas type III hyperlipidemia is very atherogenic. These two abnormalities are, however, rare, and the majority of hypertriglyceridemias are, in practice, associated with increased very low density lipoproteins. Many epidemiological trials do not identify hypertriglyceridemia as an independent risk factor when the cholesterol and, in particular, the HDL cholesterol levels, are taken into consideration. Nevertheless, these results must be interpreted with caution as hypertriglyceridemia represents a very heterogeneous entity which is closely related to many factors which affect coronary risk (hypertension, insulin resistance, sedentarity, and even tobacco consumption). Therefore, hypertriglyceridemia and hypo-HDL-emia may be the result of the same primary abnormality; as the HDL-cholesterol level is more stable, it is the parameter which will be identified as a protective factor in epidemiological trials. The available data is insufficient to affirm that therapeutic lowering of triglycerides is accompanied by a reduced coronary risk because none of the large scale trials were designed to analyse this problem. Despite these epidemiological data, the measurement of serum triglyceride levels remains important in patients with hyperlipidemia.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992 Oct
PMID:[Role of triglycerides in cardiovascular diseases]. 129 43

Several studies have reported an inverse relationship between serum cholesterol levels and the risk of cancer, especially of the colon (Seven Countries, Framingham, Chicago studies, London Whitehall Study, Paris prospective study, New Zealand Maori, Honolulu Heart Study, Hypertension Detection and Follow-Up Program, ...). For example, in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (361 662 men), the global mortality graph was J-shaped, higher at either side of the 4.6-5.1 mmol/l value of serum cholesterol. This increased mortality with lower serum cholesterol levels was due to increased numbers of death from cancer. However, when the relationship is studied with respect to the time elapsed between the cholesterol measurement and death from cancer, the relative risk of death in the lowest decile with respect to the average of the following deciles, decreases with the period between measurement of the serum cholesterol and time of death. The negative relationship between serum cholesterol and death by cancer, very significant for deaths occurring within the first 5 years, disappeared almost completely for deaths occurring after 5 years. Other trials designed mainly to examine cardiovascular risk, and concerning smaller numbers, have not demonstrated this inverse relationship between serum cholesterol and cancer. This negative relationship between serum cholesterol and cancer must be acknowledged. It is weak and concerns mainly colonic cancer, especially in men in the elderly age groups. Several explanations have been put forward: influence of the combination of factors, competition of risk of death by other causes, chance, alteration of normal biological function of the cell membrane.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992 Oct
PMID:[Serum cholesterol and cancer. Is there a causal relationship?]. 129 44

Serum cholesterol intervention studies have been mainly performed in middle-aged men. Is the extrapolation of these results to men aged 20 to 30 years justified? Atherosclerosis is a process which continues throughout life. It is clear that increased serum cholesterol levels are associated with a higher coronary risk. In addition, serum cholesterol levels increase with age up to 60 years old. Do young men obtain the same benefits from medical intervention as older men? Therapeutic trials have been performed in middle-aged men. The increase in life expectancy associated with a 6.7% lowering of the serum cholesterol by life-long dietary restrictions would only be 4 months in 20 year old subjects at high risk (hypertension, smokers, low HDL cholesterol). With a 20% reduction in serum cholesterol, the gain would be 12 months. There is no reason for not extrapolating acquired data in the over 30s to 20 to 30 year old subjects. Due to the fact that young subjects are exposed to the risk for longer periods, it is advisable to treat their hypercholesterolaemia even more seriously than that of older patients.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992 Oct
PMID:[Should men aged 20 to 30 years with hypercholesterolemia be managed in the same way as older men?]. 129 47

The management of hyperlipidemia in individuals aged 60 or over is a serious problem, given the frequency of metabolic abnormalities in this age group. The decision to treat must take into account a number of uncertainties. Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor in the elderly and, in general, its importance varies like the other major risk factors (hypertension and smoking): the relative risk decreases with age but this decrease in relative risk is associated with an increase in the absolute risk because the prevalence of cardiovascular disease greatly increases with age. The serum cholesterol level increases with age but the physiopathological mechanism os this increase is poorly understood (reduction in the number of LDC receptors?). In the over 70s, serum cholesterol levels decrease, probably because of a selection due to the deaths of subjects at higher risk. No therapeutic trials have been performed to evaluate the effects of lowering the serum cholesterol in the over 60s. In addition, strict application of international recommendations in this age group would result in a large number of therapeutic interventions, the value of which would be questionable. Under these conditions, practical clinical advice is based on reasoned extrapolation of epidemiological data obtained in middle-aged men. Treatment should therefore be reserved for sever forms of hyperlipidemia, taking into consideration the life expectancy of the individual.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992 Oct
PMID:[Hyperlipidemia in patients over 60 years old]. 129 49


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