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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hemodynamic and humoral indices were studied in patients with juvenile hypertension before and after a months treatment course with obsidan. The beginning of the disease was in 18% distinguished by an increased thickness of the wall and interventricular septum. Obsidan treatment (0.5 mg/kg of body weight) resulted already during the first 2-4 weeks and then on the 3 and 6 month in an improvement of the general condition, normalization of the systolic pressure, cessation of tachycardia, reduction of the elevated cardiac index, reduction of the rate of circular shortening of the myocardial fibers, plasma renin activity and amount of blood aldosterone. Resistance to the effect of obsidan was noted in 10.5%. Some patients showed side-effects.
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PMID:[Effect of obzidan on hemodynamic indices and the renin and aldosterone levels of the blood plasma in patients with juvenile hypertension]. 267 68

The efficacy, safety and toleration of sustained release verapamil (Securon SR, Knoll) and long acting propranolol (Inderal LA, ICI) in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension were compared in a randomized, double-blind, parallel group study. Both drugs were of similar efficacy and were well tolerated in the majority of patients. However, in the verapamil SR treated group side-effects resulted in significantly fewer drug-related withdrawals.
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PMID:Verapamil SR and propranolol LA: a comparison of efficacy and side effects in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. 306 7

Plasma propranolol concentrations were analyzed after Obsidan (VEB Isis-Chemie, Zwickau, GDR) (= preparation A) and another propranolol-preparation (= preparation B) in 10 patients with arterial hypertension of clinical stage I-II in a cross-over design. The concentration-time-curves (AUC0----infinity) were investigated up to 24 h after the oral intake of 40 mg of both preparations of propranolol and were nearly identical. In comparison with preparation B the relative bioavailability F was 104% for preparation A. The steady-state plasma concentrations of propranolol were within the therapeutic range of 50-100 ng/ml. They showed only interindividual variations about the factor 2-3. Peak plasma concentrations were observed 1,5-2 h after the oral application. There were no statistical differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters between the both preparations. The rate of elimination constants of 0,065 to 0,073 h-1 after preparation A and B explain the long duration of the therapeutic efficacy during chronic treatment.
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PMID:[Comparative pharmacokinetic studies on the relative biologic availability of two propranolol preparations in patients with steady state essential hypertension]. 372 70

Infiltrative dermatitis and marked alopecia of the scalp appeared shortly after a new beta-blocker, nadolol (Corgard), was prescribed for the treatment of a patient with hypertension. Cessation of the beta-blocker therapy, after four months of therapy, was followed by a dramatic involution of the eruption, and total regrowth of scalp hair occurred within three months. The associated eruption and rapid regrowth of hair upon discontinuation of nadolol distinguish this alopecia from the telogen effluvium previously associated with other beta-blocker drugs, such as propranolol (Inderal) and metoprolol (Lopressor).
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PMID:Alopecia and drug eruption of the scalp associated with a new beta-blocker, nadolol. 397 99

The study of the aggregation capacity of platelets and the coagulation system of the blood by thromboelastography was undertaken in 36 patients with different forms of arterial hypertension. In 11 patients receiving obsidan these tests were repeated every 4-20 days. In patients with hypertension and pyelonephritis the aggregation capacity of platelets was enhanced, and in patients with glomerulonephritis it was not materially changed. All patients showed a shift in the food coagulation system toward moderate hypercoagulation, which did not change much with obsidan. A relationship between the blood pressure (BP) level and the functional properties of platelets was recorded. There was a simultaneous tendency to the decrease of BP and the inhibition of the aggregation capacity of platelets. Obsidan produces antiaggregation effect related to the decreased stability of platelet aggregates.
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PMID:[Effect of adrenergic beta-receptor blockaders on thrombocyte aggregation capacity in arterial hypertension]. 612 51

A complex study of changes of hemodynamics and myocardial performance was conducted while treating 215 hypertensive patients with obsidan (propranolol), corgard, a cardioselective beta-blocker tenormine and alpha- and beta-blocker trandate. Different hypotensive efficiency and varying hemodynamic mechanisms of its action were found. Obsidan and corgard were mainly efficient in moderate hypertension and marked hypersympathicotonia. Tenormine and trandate produce the most marked hypotensive effect (due to reduction in the vascular tone). The signs of increase in venous blood return to the heart during trandate and obsidan therapy and decrease in venous return after long-term tenormine therapy were established. Myocardial contractility indices decreased after obsidan therapy to the more extent than after corgard and tenormine, and they did not change after trandate. The possibility of myocardial hypertrophy regression was shown (especially in the long-term treatment with tenormine and trandate). A reduction in intramyocardial tension has been stated to depend mainly on hemodynamic factors (reduction in volume or pressure overload on the myocardium) whereas the diminution of the myocardial mass also depends on neurohumoral effects.
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PMID:[Comparative evaluation of the therapeutic effect of various classes of beta-blockaders in patients with hypertension]. 613 17

Long-acting propranolol (Inderal LA) is a new formulation of propranolol that allows release of the drug in a controlled manner, so that the plasma concentration at 24 hr after dosing is greater with long-acting propranolol than with conventional tablets. A single dose of 160 mg of long-acting propranolol can produce cardiac beta-adrenoceptor blockade throughout a 24 hr period without variability due to multiple peak concentrations. It has been shown that this formulation is as effective in the treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension and hyperthyroidism as the standard formulation. Studies with long-acting propranolol in cardiac dysrhythmias are lacking. This new dosage form would be a means of simplifying dosing regimens and thereby hopefully enhancing patient convenience and compliance.
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PMID:Long-acting propranolol (Inderal LA): pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and therapeutic use. 636 3

Fifteen elderly patients whose hypertension was controlled by conventional propranolol 80 mg twice a day had their medication changed to one capsule of 'Inderal' LA (160 mg) daily. The blood pressure, heart rate and propranolol concentrations were measured at various time points when the patients were receiving the conventional preparation and these assessments were repeated when the long-acting preparation was administered. Although the heart rate was lower with conventional propranolol than with 'Inderal' LA there was no significant difference in the blood pressure levels. The mean peak blood level of propranolol was, however, significantly lower with 'Inderal' LA compared with conventional propranolol and occurred later. At 12 h the plasma propranolol levels were higher after 'Inderal' LA then following the intake of conventional propranolol (p less than 0.01); there was no difference in the plasma levels at 24 h. The area under the concentration time curve was significantly higher on conventional propranolol. Compared with published data, the plasma levels were higher than those in younger patients. 'Inderal' LA was well tolerated and side effects were minimal.
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PMID:The use of long-acting propranolol ('Inderal' LA) in the management of elderly hypertensive patients. 711 49

Blood pressure rises rapidly upon waking and may be responsible, in part, for the increased incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke during the morning hours. Current formulations and dosing of antihypertensive drugs do not provide maximum coverage during this vulnerable period. This study was performed to demonstrate that propranolol CR (Innopran XL), a novel chronotherapeutic formulation of propranolol designed for nighttime dosing, has appropriate pharmacokinetics to provide maximum cardioprotective effect in the morning. Pharmacokinetics of propranolol CR and sustained-release propranolol after single and multiple doses were determined in normal male volunteers in this open-label, 2-period crossover study. The drugs were dosed in the evening and serial blood samples were taken for determination of propranolol concentration the next 24 to 72 hours. After a single 160-mg dose of propranolol CR administered at 10 pm, absorption was delayed by about 4 hours, after which plasma concentration rose steadily, reaching a peak at about 10:00 am. In contrast, after dosing with sustained release propranolol, plasma levels of propranolol began to rise almost immediately, reaching a plateau between 4:00 am and 10:00 am. During multiple dosing, steady-state trough plasma concentrations were achieved after 2 days with either drug. After the final dose, the plasma profiles of both drugs were similar to those observed in the single-dose study. Bioavailability was similar for both formulations of propranolol. Propranolol CR exhibited appropriate pharmacokinetics for a chronotherapeutic approach to the treatment of hypertension.
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PMID:Pharmacokinetics of propranolol after single and multiple dosing with sustained release propranolol or propranolol CR (innopran XL) , a new chronotherapeutic formulation. 1278 30

Molar pregnancy has always been of interest to physicians because of the diagnostic and management challenges it presents. Its occurrence in patients older than 50 years of age is rare and misdiagnosis is common. A 51 year old black female presented to the gynecology emergency room with vaginal bleeding for twenty days. She was diagnosed with a molar pregnancy by a pelvic ultra-sound. Prior to presenting to the emergency room she had a negative work-up for hyperthyroidism, including a biopsy of a benign thyroid nodule and was also started on Inderal for new onset hypertension. She underwent a primary hysterectomy and subsequently required five courses of actinomycin D for plateauing of the BhCG. The different forms of presentation of gestational trophoblastic disease should be kept in mind so that the diagnosis can be made promptly and appropriate treatment started early, especially in patients with advanced age.
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PMID:Gestational trophoblastic disease in a fifty-one year old woman. 2159 31


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