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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The influence of different vasodilatators on blood pressure and intraocular pressure has been tested in animal experiments. For that purpose substances with alphasympathicolytic effect (Hydergin, Trental) have been tested as well as substances which are of direct influence on the muscles. In all cases a decrease of the blood pressure was noticed. Furthermore in most of the cases an increase of the intraocular pressure could be seen. This is due to a direct dilatation of ocular vessels. The effects were short-lived and reversible. We tried to find an explanation for the variations of intraocular pressure during the decrease of blood pressure. The low transmural pressure (PTM) and the corresponding low starting point of the muscle tonus seemed to be responsible for this phenomenon. Without doubt the starting point of the blood pressure, the dose, and the cardiac ability for compensation are of great influence in the development of the curve. Only a sufficiently high blood pressure is able to dilate the ocular vessels, so that one has to draw therapeutic conclusions from the constellation blood pressure/intraocular pressure before deciding on treatment.
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PMID:[The influence of vasodilatators on intraocular pressure and blood pressure (author's transl)]. 30 21

To assess the clinical effectiveness of pentoxifylline (Trental) in the treatment of intermittent claudication and ischemic rest pain, 129 patients were retrospectively interviewed with respect to compliance and improvement of symptoms. Risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis were tabulated, as was the severity of symptomatic lower extremity peripheral vascular insufficiency. The duration of pentoxifylline treatment was 35.8 +/- 45.0 weeks (mean +/- 1 S.D.). Forty-eight percent of the patients discontinued pentoxifylline on their own, most commonly because of side effects (13%) or perceived lack of improvement (23%). Of those patients taking pentoxifylline for eight weeks or more (n = 110), 64% noted some improvement, with 31% reporting increased claudication distance and 52% reduced claudication pain. Pentoxifylline provided pain relief in 52% of patients with ischemic rest pain (n = 27). Neither diabetes, hypertension, concomitant antiplatelet therapy, the severity of claudication, nor pretreatment ankle-brachial Doppler pressures were related to treatment outcome. Increased daily walking exercise during treatment was associated with successful outcome (p = 0.04). Clinical response to pentoxifylline was inversely related to the number of cigarettes smoked daily in those with 1 block claudication (n = 71, p = 0.05). Pentoxifylline was not very effective in increasing reported claudication distance. This review suggests that pentoxifylline may be of value for patients with ischemic rest pain when arterial reconstruction is not possible. Whether pentoxifylline is useful adjunctive therapy for intermittent claudication requires further scrutiny.
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PMID:Pentoxifylline in the nonoperative management of intermittent claudication. 199 79

The efficacy of Trental (pentoxifylline) in the treatment of intermittent claudication was evaluated in 14 double-blind randomized studies, involving 475 patients with chronic occlusive vascular disease. In twelve studies which were performed in the USA, different countries of Europe and Australia, a placebo was used as control. Low doses of adenosine or nylidrine respectively, were given to the control groups in the other two studies. A total of 238 patients were allotted to Trental and 237 to the control groups. In most studies, the recommended dosage of Trental was 3 X 400 mg pentoxifylline in sustained release tablets. Twelve of the 14 trials had a duration between 8 and 24 weeks. The efficacy of Trental was established in a reproducible manner through the trial series under different trial designs following the requirements and guidelines from local authorities and medical societies. The number of patients with an improvement in walking distance of more than 100% was four times higher in the Trental group compared with the control group. The superiority of the Trental treatment over the control's persisted also when taking into account risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, smoking habits and duration of the disease.
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PMID:On the assessment of the efficacy of pentoxifylline (Trental). 329 15

A comparative study of the prevention of recurrences of cerebral transient ischemic attacks during a 6-month observation period was conducted in 73 patients treated with a combination of acetylsalicylic acid and dipyridamole (ASAD, 1,050 mg + 150 mg/day) and in 65 patients treated with pentoxifylline (PTX 1,200 mg/day, Trental 400 t.d.s.). The patients were randomly assigned to the treatments. Risk factor analysis showed high prevalence of arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking in these patients. The two groups were matched in terms of age, sex, blood pressure and site of TIA origin (carotid 63% in the ASAD, 65% in the PTX group). 23 ASAD patients and 9 PTX patients suffered a recurrence. There were 4 nonfatal stroke events with ASAD and 2 with PTX. 80 recurrent TIAs were recorded in 19 ASAD patients compared with 19 such episodes in 9 PTX subjects. The morbidity rates (life table analysis) were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) in the PTX group. The results of the study point to a preventive effect of PTX in terms of the reduction in TIA recurrences.
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PMID:Preventive treatment of cerebral transient ischemia: comparative randomized trial of pentoxifylline versus conventional antiaggregants. 388 Dec 63

The paper shows that intravenous administration of trental, curantil, cavinton and sermion to cerebrovascular deficient patients causes a decline in blood circulation rates in the extracranial part of the carotid arteries. Sermion exhibited a biphase reaction: an increase in the blood flow followed by a decrease 15-30 minutes after introduction in the carotid arteries. Trental and curantial act in the intracranial arteries as moderate vasodilators reducing blood flow speed and blood vessel resistance. Cavinton activates intracranial blood flow, especially in the cortical segments of the middle cerebral arteries. Sermion initially increases blood flow rate in the middle cerebral arteries, than decreases it, especially in segments M2 and M3. Cavinton and sermion intravenous infusions are beneficial in cases of arterial hypertension.
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PMID:[The effect of kavinton, trental, sermion and kurantil on the blood flow rate in individual segments of the cerebral arteries]. 791 24

Sixty hypertensive patients (mean age 64.9 +/- 1.5) with acute ischemic stroke were randomized into 2 groups. Both groups received conventional therapy (Aspirin Cardio, Trental, Prestarium, Arifon), which in the test group was added by Mexicor (0.3 gper day for 3 weeks). Circadian blood pressure (BP) and its variability were monitored in all patients at 1, 5, 10, 14, and 21 days after the stroke. NIH Stroke Scale, the Barthel ADL Index, Rankin Scale, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) were used for the neurological status assessment. Mexicor was shown to accelerate the systolic and diastolic BP lowering, reduction of BP variability (mainly nocturnal) and improvement of circadian BP profile (more patients showed dipper type hypertension and less - non-dipper, over-dipper and night-peaker patterns, compared with the control group). Mexicor had a positive effect on neurological status, cognitive function and focal neurological deficit severity.
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PMID:[Efficiency of combined therapy with myocardial cytoprotector mexicor in hypertensive patients with acute cerebrovascular disturbances]. 1979 51