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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Phonocephalography is a simple, passive non-invasive diagnostic technique in tinnitus and cerebral angiology. Pulsatile tinnitus may occur in hypertension, haemodynamic disorders, or extracranial and intracranial vascular abnormalities. It is ignored by otologists and neurologists. Phonocephalography is the amplification and recording of sounds from the surface and cavities of the head. In this case report, the technique of phonocephalography was used to record these sounds and the tinnitus in a case of surface cerebral angioma.
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PMID:Phonocephalography and pulsatile tinnitus in a surface cerebral angioma. Report of a case. 661 57

Pulsatile tinnitus can be annoying for a patient and can also be the only clue to a potentially devastating and life-threatening disease. In order to understand its clinical spectrum and management better we analysed the files of 84 patients seen at our institution over a 10-year period. Noninvasive techniques (ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) and angiography were employed as investigations tailored to the individual patient. A vascular disorder [i.e. arteriovenous fistula, dissection of the internal carotid artery (ICA), fibromuscular dysplasia, aneurysm of the ICA and sinus thrombosis] was found in 36 patients (42%), most commonly a dural arteriovenous fistula or a carotid-cavernous sinus fistula. In 26 patients with a vascular abnormality, pulsatile tinnitus was the presenting symptom. In 12 patients (14%), nonvascular disorders such as glomus tumour or intracranial hypertension with a variety of causes explained the tinnitus. We conclude that patients with pulsatile tinnitus should be investigated with noninvasive techniques. If these are negative or to clarify abnormal findings of noninvasive techniques selective angiography is needed for diagnosis and to guide treatment.
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PMID:Pulsatile tinnitus--a review of 84 patients. 955 42

Tinnitus is a frequent symptom but a tinnitus that is rhythmic and synchronous with the patient's heartbeat is rare. The symptom "pulsating noise in the ear" may be due to various cause but most frequently, by glomus tumors, intracranial hypertension and atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries. Pulsatile tinnitus can often present a serious diagnostic problem. The diagnostic evaluation includes physical examination, audiologic assessment and imaging techniques (ultrasonic examination of cervical vessels, high-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bones, nuclear magnetic resonance, angiography of the carotid arteries and magnetic resonance angiography). Evaluation should be individualized but must include a thorough ENT work up. The evaluation of the patient includes otomicroscopy, palpation and auscultation of ears and cervical region and the head positioning test. The cause of pulsatile tinnitus may be even identified on otoscopic examination. Further investigations by other specialities (neurology, internal medicine, ophthalmology) may become necessary. Life-threatening causes such as arteriovenous shunts or carotid artery stenosis must be ruled out. Nevertheless, in several cases it will not be possible to determine the etiology of tinnitus. Finally, therapeutic options which occasionally can include surgical techniques or interventional radiology are discussed.
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PMID:[Pulsating tinnitus]. 1070 57

Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) is a perception of a rhythmical sound that is synchronous with the heartbeats. Despite being seen rarely in daily practice, frequently it is associated with identifiable causes, thus warranting special attention in regard to the etiological diagnosis. PT results from blood flow turbulence, which in turn results from changes in flow velocity or in the vessel lumen. One of the most important causes of PT is the paraganglioma, a vascular tumor that appears as a reddish retrotympanic mass. However, a normal tympanic membrane mandates differentiating among other diagnoses, such as arteriovenous malformations or fistulas, intracranial or extracranial aneurysms, a high or dehiscent jugular bulb, and persistent stapedial artery. Owing to the progress of radiological evaluation, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has proven to be excellent for evaluating vascular diseases. From January 1995 to June 1997, the authors prospectively studied 16 patients with PT and normal otoscopic examination. The study comprised 1 male and 15 female patients (ages 25-71 years; mean age, 42.5 years). All were subjected to MRA evaluation, which revealed the etiological diagnosis in 13 cases (81.25%), including 2 aneurysms and 1 case of intracranial hypertension. Of the 13 patients 9(69.23%) presented with at least one variation of vascular anatomy of the skull, showing a close correlation, in most cases, with the side on which PT occurred. Our results confirm that MRA is an excellent primary screening modality for patients with PT and normal otoscopic findings. The authors point out the importance of making etiological diagnoses in such cases, suggesting that variations of the vascular anatomy of the skull are a possible etiology.
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PMID:Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Pulsatile Tinnitus: The Role of Anatomical Variations. 1075 99

Pulsatile tinnitus is an uncommon otological symptom, which often presents a diagnostic and management dilemma to the otolaryngologist. This symptom always deserves a thorough evaluation to avoid disastrous consequences from potentially life-threatening associated pathology. In most of the patients a treatable underlying aetiology can be identified. Frequent causes mentioned in the literature responsible for pulsatile tinnitus are benign intracranial hypertension syndrome, temporal bone paragangliomas and arteriovenous fistulae. Pulsatile tinnitus as a consequence of sigmoid sinus compression by a cholesteatoma has not been reported previously in the literature. Here a case of residual cholesteatoma with pulsatile tinnitus is presented, nine years after the first surgery.
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PMID:Pulsatile tinnitus as a rare presenting symptom of residual cholesteatoma. 1497 61

Pulsatile tinnitus is an uncommon otological symptom. Objective pulsatile tinnitus has numerous causes, including benign intracranial hypertension, glomus tumours and atherosclerotic carotid artery disease. History and physical examination can give important information as to the underlying diagnosis. Radiographic evaluation is essential in all patients with pulsatile tinnitus. Many patients have a treatable underlying aetiology. Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention may save patients from unnecessary morbidity.
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PMID:Pulsatile tinnitus. 1635 36

Pulsatile tinnitus associated with normal otoscopic findings may present as the only sign of a potentially life-threatening serious disease such as a dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) of the transverse or sigmoid sinus. If left untreated, dAVFs may lead to focal neurologic symptoms, intracranial hypertension, or hemorrhage, and finally to death. We report two cases of dAVF presenting with pulsatile tinnitus. Following diagnosis, both patients underwent transarterial embolization, after which their symptoms resolved.
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PMID:[Pulsatile tinnitus as the presenting symptom of dural arteriovenous fistula in two cases]. 1644 95

Pulsatile tinnitus is a sound from within the body, mostly of vascular origin, that stimulates the patient's hearing in the same way as an external sound does, generally at the same pace as the pulse. Although not frequent, the diagnosis of its cause is crucial because of its potential severity in some cases. This article describes some of the diagnostic clues for arterial causes (arteriosclerosis, aberrant carotid artery, arteriovenous fistula or malformations, increased vascularization in Paget's disease) and venous causes (benign intracranial hypertension, high jugular bulb). In some cases we have to rule out other systemic diseases as hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia or hyperthyroidism. A pathological otoscopy result may be secondary to a tympanic glomus. A guided medical history and an algorithm for complementary tests (magnetic resonance or angio-resonance imaging, computerized tomography, blood test, Doppler ultrasonography) may resolve the diagnostic puzzle of pulsatile tinnitus. We present our experience in 80 cases. The most frequent aetiology has been the arteriosclerosis of the carotid artery (17.5 %) and the benign intracranial hypertension syndrome (10 %).
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PMID:[Diagnostic clues in pulsatile tinnitus (somatosounds)]. 1799 8

Tinnitus is one of the most common symptoms in an audiologic field. It can be classified as either as subjective or objective; former referring to the sensation heard by both patient and examiner. Pulsatile tinnitus is perceived as sounds that vary in frequency, intensity and duration. The cause of pulsatile tinnitus include high jugular bulb, benign intracranial hypertension, glomus tumors, carotid artery stenosis, vascular lesions of the temporal bone, arteriovenous malformation, aneurysms, and Arnold-Chiari malformation. Vascular tinnitus is most common (7.6%). Recently, the authors experienced one case of the pulsatile tinnitus caused by atherosclerosis and atheroma in superior labial artery & facial artery. After surgery, the symptom had disappeared. We report a unique case regarding the objective tinnitus with the literature review.
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PMID:A case of pulsatile tinnitus from the atherosclerosis and atheroma in superior labial artery and facial artery. 2465 94

Pulsatile tinnitus from intracranial venous abnormalities is an uncommon cause of pulse synchronous tinnitus. Endovascular therapies may have applications in many of these disease conditions. They have the advantage of being minimally invasive and may selectively eliminate the site of turbulence. Venous stenting has been used successfully to treat venous stenoses with low complication rates and high success rates in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension though randomized controlled data are lacking. Careful exclusion of other causes of tinnitus should be performed before consideration for surgical or endovascular treatment of presumed causative lesions of venous tinnitus.
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PMID:Endovascular Interventions for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Venous Tinnitus: New Horizons. 2715 10


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