Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0020538 (hypertension)
 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six patients with cardiac amyloidosis (four males, two females; age 27-60 years) were evaluated by us. Four patients presented with congestive heart failure, while one patient each presented with effort angina and giddiness. Extracardiac clues to the diagnosis in the form of involvement of other systems were present in only two patients. The electrocardiogram was abnormal in four patients while three exhibited roentgenographic evidence of cardiomegaly or pulmonary venous hypertension. Echocardiography suggested the diagnosis of amyloidosis in only two patients, restrictive cardiomyopathy in two other patients and dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in one patient each. Cardiac catheterisation and angiography suggested restrictive heart disease in four patients and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in one. One patient, whose initial haemodynamic study was normal, had features of dilated cardiomyopathy at repeat study after 11 months. Endomyocardial biopsies showed amyloid deposits in all patients. We emphasise the varied clinical manifestation of cardiac amyloidosis and the need for a high index of suspicion. The diagnosis can be safely and reliably confirmed by endomyocardial biopsy.
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PMID:Cardiac amyloidosis: hemodynamic, echocardiographic and endomyocardial biopsy studies. 130 87

Takayasu arteritis is the commonest cause of renovascular hypertension in India. The clinical and radiological features, complications and course of 83 patients (51 females, 32 males) seen during the period from 1972-1990 are described in this study. The age of the patients ranged from 5 to 53 years with the mean +/- SD of 26.9 +/- 9.7. Hypertension (n = 50) and the related symptom of headache (n = 40), dyspnea (n = 24), and giddiness (n = 20) were common at presentation. Twelve patients were in congestive cardiac failure. The symptoms of activity with fever and arthralgia were present in only 16% contrary to reports from Japan and Mexico. Abnormal arterial pulses and bruit over abdominal (37%) or extra abdominal great arteries (25%) were useful clinical clues to suspect Takayasu arteritis. Rapid sequence intravenous urography was a sensitive screening procedure and predicted correctly the presence of renovascular disease in 80% of the patients. The diagnosis was confirmed on aortography in 72. In the rest, the clinical features and autopsy findings confirmed the same. The four patterns of the disease based on the anatomical extent of involvement were recognised. These were: type I (n = 8) with involvement of aortic arch and its branches, type II (n = 25) descending thoracic and abdominal aorta type III (n = 46) combination of I and II and type IV (n = 4) pulmonary artery in addition to any of the above.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Takayasu arteritis in India. 136 Sep 69

Occupational health problems among 100 tobacco processing workers were investigated. Symptoms, including vomiting, giddiness, headache, etc. were found among 69 exposed subjects. It was also observed that the excretion rate of nicotine and cotinine increased among exposed subjects. Biochemical parameters were found to be within the normal range. Electrocardiographic findings were non-specific and clinically there was no evidence of hypertension or ischemic heart disease. Therefore, the symptoms in tobacco processing workers might possibly result from mild nicotine toxicity.
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PMID:Occupational health problems among tobacco processing workers: a preliminary study. 408 13

The basic disorder in sinoatrial disease is a functional and/or anatomical defect in the sinus node and the atrium respectively. The clinical feature includes palpitations, angina pectoris, heart failure, giddiness and systemic emboli. Associated diseases are coronary heart disease, hypertension, diphtheria, myocarditis or rheumatic fever. Diagnosis is primarily made by clinical symptoms and conventional or long term ECG-monitoring. However, impaired sinus node function including sinusbradycardia, sinus arrest, sinoatrial block and the bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome cannot easily be assessed, when rhythm disturbances are occurring intermittently, as the recording of electrical activity of sinus node pacemaker cells is not available in man. Therefore methods of provocative atrial stimulation (rapid atrial stimulation, premature atrial stimulation) have been developed for (indirect) estimation of sinus node recovery time and sinoatrial conduction time. Treatment depends on symptoms. In most cases implantation of an electric pacemaker is mandatory since drug treatment usually is unsatisfactory. The natural history of the sinoatrial disease is imperfectly known but probably covers 5--10 years.
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PMID:[The sick sinus syndrome. What causes it?]. 722 53

Seventy-two patients (69 women and 3 men) with benign intracranial hypertension were examined. Besides general clinical signs, such as headache in 71, giddiness in 29, vomiting in 19, poor health in general in 18, painful movements of the eyeballs in 11, unsteady walking in 10, ringing in the ears in 9, noise in the head in 3, all the patients developed changes in the organ of vision. Congestive optic disks were detected in all the cases. Obnubilations were detected in 34 (47.2%) patients, diplopia in 5 (6.9%). Vision acuity was reduced in 33 (45.8%) patients, visual field was limited in 23 (31.9%). Forty-three patients completely recovered, negligible residual symptoms of benign intracranial hypertension persisted in 16, and all symptoms of the condition were virtually unchanged in 13 patients. Vision acuity remained reduced in 10 (13.9%) patients, and one female patient developed amaurosis of both eyes.
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PMID:[Visual functional disorders in benign intracranial hypertension]. 807 84

A total of 4676 patients and 1759 patients were treated with lisinopril and nifedipine respectively in a post-marketing surveillance study conducted in general practice in the UK. Patients were followed up for 12 months. Most of the lisinopril patients had hypertension, but a small number (180) had heart failure. Most of the nifedipine patients had uncomplicated hypertension, but some (22.57%) had other cardiovascular disease with or without hypertension. Lisinopril and nifedipine were equally effective in reducing blood pressure. During the study, 1.5% of hypertensive patients assigned to lisinopril died compared with 1.8% of patients assigned to nifedipine, and 15.1% of lisinopril patients compared with 19.7% of patients in the nifedipine group withdrew because of adverse events. Cough, malaise and fatigue, nausea and vomiting were more frequent causes of withdrawal from lisinopril than nifedipine. Conversely, headaches, pallor and flushing, oedema and palpitations caused more frequent withdrawals from nifedipine. Anaemia was more often encountered on nifedipine treatment than on lisinopril. In hypertensive patients, the frequency of first-dose hypotension was similar on both treatments. Serious events occurred in 0.8% and 0.5% of patients given lisinopril and nifedipine respectively. Lisinopril was well tolerated by heart failure patients: 16 patients (8.88%) died and an incidence of 4.44% of serious adverse events was reported, a pattern to be anticipated in such patients; dizziness, giddiness, dyspnoea, cough, nausea and vomiting were the most frequent causes of withdrawal; the incidence of first-dose hypotension was low (2.22%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Post-marketing surveillance of lisinopril in general practice in the UK. 811 50

The authors report the results of therapy with amlodipine in 20 patients with mild or moderate hypertension (diastolic pressure between 95 and 115 mmHg). Amlodopine was administered in a dose of either 5 or 10 mg once a day for 12 weeks. None of the patients had a history of congestive heart failure. Eleven patients were men between 27 and 89 years of age (average age was 52.6 years). There was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (from 161 to 141 mm Hg or -12.4%) and in diastolic blood pressure (from 103 to 86 mm Hg or -16.5%). Heart rate remained between 78 and 77 beats per minute. Only one patient experienced palpitations and two complained of mild, transient giddiness while on this therapy.
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PMID:[Experience with amlodipine (Norvasc) in the management of arterial hypertension]. 814 52

An 84-year-old Indian man was admitted with a history of recurrent episodes of giddiness for the last 5 years. He also had 3 previous episodes of transient loss of consciousness. He has a history of hypertension for the past 28 years and angina pectoris for the past 10 years. The clinical examination was unremarkable and no postural hypotension was detected. The electrocardiogram is illustrated in Fig 1.
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PMID:Bundle branch block and syncope? Right bundle branch block with left anterior hemiblock and prolonged PR interval-trifascicular block. 815 25

To study acute organophosphorus (OP) poisoning cases, 190 OP-intoxicated cases admitted to Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, were investigated in depth. The group consisted of subjects ranging from 11 to 60 years of age, with the maximum number of cases in the age group 21-30 years and a male-to-female ratio of 2.1:1. Most of the subjects (71.61%) were partially educated, 24.2% of the cases were illiterate, and only 4.2% of the cases were highly educated. Socioeconomically, 21.1% of the subjects were of low economic status, 52.6% were low middle class, 16.8% were upper middle class, and only 9.5% were upper class. With regard to marital status of the subjects, 98 cases were married and 92 were unmarried. About 67.4% of the cases had the intention of committing suicide, 16.8% of the cases were the result of occupational exposure, and 15.8% of the cases were from accidental poisoning. Social and domestic problems (37.5%), marital friction (15.6%), financial stress (15.6%), love affairs (14.1%), job problems (10.9%), chronic illness (4.7%), and failure in examination (1.6%) were observed as the precipitating factors. Muscarinic manifestations such as vomiting (96.8%), nausea (82.1%), miosis (64.2%), excessive salivation (61.1%), and blurred vision (54.7%) and CNS manifestations such as giddiness (93.7%), headache (84.2%), disturbances of consciousness (44.2%), and typical pungent odor from mouth and clothes (77.9%) were the main presenting symptoms. Cardiac manifestations such as sinus tachycardia (25.3%), sinus bradycardia (6.3%), and depression of ST segments with T-wave inversion (6.3%) were observed electrocardiographically, with hypertension (10.5%) and muscular twitching in some (2.1%) cases. Biochemical changes such as albuminuria (12.6%) and azotemia (18.9%) with inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity in blood were recorded in 78.9% of the cases. About 89.5% of the cases recovered completely, 4.2% of the cases absconded after partial recovery, and 6.3% of the cases died. The mortality rate (6.3%) depended on various factors such as the organophosphorus compound consumed, the amount ingested, the time interval for hospitalization, and the general health of the patient. Chances of recovery were higher when the patient was hospitalized at the earliest indication.
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PMID:A clinical, biochemical, neurobehavioral, and sociopsychological study of 190 patients admitted to hospital as a result of acute organophosphorus poisoning. 832 67

In 102 cases of severe hypertension (DBP > or = 115 mm Hg), with or without acute complications, efficacy and safety of SL Nifedipine 10 mg (NIF), SL Captopril 25 mg (CAP), IV Metoprolol 15 mg (MET) and SL NIF + IV MET were studied in an inpatient trial. Maximum mean percent reduction in SBP was 13.3, 9.7, 15.7 and 19.9 and in DBP was 21.2, 13.9, 12.5 and 20.4 with NIF, CAP, MET and NIF + MET respectively. A safe DBP of < or = 110 mm Hg (Kaplan) was achieved in 90, 61, 72.2 and 95.2 percent of patients. A statistically significant fall in DBP was observed at 5 minutes with all regimens except CAP which was at 15 minutes. Mild side effects observed were palpitations and flushing (NIF n = 4), taste disturbances (CAP n = 3), heaviness of head (CAP n = 1) and giddiness (MET n = 2, NIF + MET n = 2). The trial data suggest that hypertensive crisis can be managed, without intensive care facility, with all four regimens; this implies significant cost containment.
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PMID:Nifedipine, captopril, metoprolol and nifedipine with metoprolol in hypertensive crisis in non-intensive care setting. 928 10


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