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 170,190 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aims of this study were to investigate the baseline prevalence of and risk factors associated with asthma, classify asthma severity, and describe medication use in a population-based sample of African American men and women 21 to 84 years of age from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Participants provided responses to respiratory and medical history questions and a medication inventory and underwent spirometry and other clinical examinations. These data were used to examine the extent to which novel and traditional risk factors were associated with asthma. Of the 4,098 participants included in this analysis, 9.4% reported lifetime asthma (5.7% current, 3.7% former), and current asthma was higher in women (6.8%) than in men (3.8%). An additional 9.8% reported an attack of wheeze with shortness of breath or non-doctor confirmed asthma (i.e., "probable" asthma). The mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1))% predicted was lower in those reporting current asthma (women: 83.7 +/- 18.0; men: 75.2 +/- 16.8) compared to those not reporting asthma (women: 95.6 +/- 16.7; men: 91.7 +/- 16.0). Current and probable asthma was associated with lower serum cortisol levels and hypertension medication use, along with traditional risk factors (i.e., lower socio-economic status, higher global stress scores, obesity, and fair to poor perceived general health). Severe asthma was low among participants reporting current (9.8%), former (3.3%), and probable (4.9%) asthma. Asthma medication use was reported by nearly 60% of the participants reporting current asthma. Asthma in African American adults is associated with decreased serum cortisol, hypertension medication use, and considerable lung function impairment compared to those who did not report asthma. The prevalence of asthma in the JHS is lower than state and national estimates, although the estimates are not directly comparable. Furthermore, asthma is drastically underdiagnosed in this population.
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PMID:Asthma and asthma severity among African American adults in the Jackson Heart Study. 1948 81

Venticular paced rhythm makes diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction difficult. We present a case of a 77-year-old woman with cardiac DDD pacemaker, suffering from diabetes, arterial hypertension and renal insufficiency. She was admitted to hospital due to heavy chest pain, radiated to neck and jaw and shortness of breath. The electrocardiogram recorded on admission showed ventricular paced rhythm and ST segment elevation > 0.5 mV, which fulfilled Sgarbossa's criteria for indetermined acute coronary syndrome in a patient with pacemaker. Troponin levels were not increased. Severe stenosis of left anterior descendent coronary artery was revealed in coronarography and percutaneus coronary angioplasty with stent implantation was performed immediately.
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PMID:[Undetermined type of acute coronary syndrome in a patient with a pacemaker]. 1952 44

A patient with a history of hypertension presented with worsening shortness of breath, fatigue, and productive cough with blood-tinged sputum. A continuous murmur was heard at the lower sternum and chest X-ray showed mild cardiomegaly. A dilated right atrium with moderately elevated pulmonary artery pressures was detected by transthoracic echocardiogram. Stress ECG did not reveal any inducible ischemia. Cardiac catheterization demonstrated an RCA aneurysm with fistula to the right atrium and a circumflex artery fistula to the right atrium, which were corrected by surgery.
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PMID:Heart failure due to coronary fistulas from the right and left coronary circulation into the right atrium. 1983 29

The relationship between exposure to traffic induced particles, respiratory health and cardiac diseases was studied in the RHINE Tartu cohort. A postal questionnaire with commonly used questions regarding respiratory symptoms, cardiac disease, lifestyle issues such as smoking habits, indoor environment, occupation, early life exposure and sleep disorders was sent to 2,460 adults. The annual concentrations of local traffic induced particles were modelled with an atmospheric dispersion model with traffic flow data, and obtained PM(exhaust) concentrations in 40 x 40 m grids were linked with home addresses with GIS. The relationship between the level of exhaust particles outside home and self-reported health problems were analyzed using a multiple logistic regression model. We found a significant relation between fine exhaust particles and cardiac disease, OR = 1.64 (95% CI 1.12-2.43) for increase in PM(exhaust) corresponding to the fifth to the 95th percentile range. The associations also were positive but non-significant for hypertension OR = 1.42 (95% CI 0.94-2.13), shortness of breath OR = 1.27 (95% CI 0.84-1.94) and other respiratory symptoms.
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PMID:Chronic traffic-induced PM exposure and self-reported respiratory and cardiovascular health in the RHINE Tartu Cohort. 2004 19

Transfusion-related acute lung injury is a clinical syndrome that occurs within 6 hours of transfusion. It is the leading cause of transfusion-related mortality. It presents with shortness of breath, acute pulmonary edema, fever, hypotension, or hypertension followed by hypotension. Treatment consists of respiratory support and fluid administration to support blood pressure. A majority of cases are associated with antibodies to white blood cells in the blood donor. Blood centers in the United States are currently taking measures to reduce the risk of transfusion-related acute lung injury from blood components.
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PMID:Transfusion-related acute lung injury. 2007 82

Exercise is a vital part of your treatment for lung disease. By following a regular training program, you will increase your endurance and become stronger and better able to perform the activities of daily life. Shopping, cleaning, and just moving about will become easier and more comfortable. You will be less troubled by shortness of breath, your spirits will lift, and you'll sleep better. In short, you'll enjoy life more. Exercise also has general health benefits, such as protection against heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and excess weight gain.
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PMID:Your exercise treatment for lung disease. 2008 72

We performed on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery on a 54-year-old female, known case of chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), hypertension and dyslipidaemia who had presented to us with progressive exertional shortness of breath and chest pain. The decision of going on with CABG was made after two weeks of preoperative treatment with prednisolone. Her platelet counts pre-operatively and on the 4th post-operative day were 135 x 10(9)/L and 32 x 10(9)/L. She had an unremarkable post-operative recovery, without requiring whole blood or platelet transfusions. We recommend preoperative steroid treatment in patients with chronic ITP undergoing CABG.
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PMID:On pump coronary surgical revascularization in a patient with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. 2022 90

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a quality-of-life-altering and life-shortening lung disease manifested by physiologic restriction, hypoxemia and progressive shortness of breath. Despite nearly 30 years of investigation, the median survival for patients with this disease remains dismal at approximately 3 years from the time of diagnosis. Recent investigations have identified a number of potential molecular therapeutic targets for IPF that include endothelin-1 and other fibrogenic cytokines. Bosentan, a nonselective endothelin receptor antagonist approved in the USA and Europe for the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, is currently undergoing evaluation as a potential therapy for IPF. A recently completed multinational, placebo-controlled trial failed to show a beneficial impact of bosentan on the primary end point, but results from a hypothesis-generating, post hoc analysis of data from this trial have prompted an assessment of the drug for efficacy in a selected subgroup of IPF patients - those with biopsy-proven IPF and little radiographic honeycombing. Results from this trial are anticipated in 2009.
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PMID:Evaluation of bosentan for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 2047 95

BACKGROUND: We present the case of a 64-year-old patient who presented to his primary care physician with fatigue, worsening shortness of breath, abdominal discomfort and a rapidly growing abdominal girth, although he had lost 5 kg of weight within 3 months. He had a history of untreated hypertension, compensated renal insufficiency and COPD. Despite weight loss and fatigue, the patient did not experience any other constitutional symptoms such as fever, night sweats or loss of appetite. Investigations: Physical examination, blood tests, CT scan of the abdomen, MRI scan of the abdomen, fine needle biopsy, excisional biopsy, Video Capsule Endoscopy, histology, PET scan. Diagnosis: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, chylous ascites, chyloperitoneum. Management: Systemic chemotherapy, total parenteral nutrition and octreotide therapy. CONCLUSION: WE DESCRIBE THE CASE OF A PATIENT IN WHOM TWO EXTREMELY RARE PHENOMENA ARE PRESENT IN COMBINATION: the diagnosis of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and chylous ascites. While the tumor could be stabilized by different regimens of chemotherapy, the chyloperitoneum was treated with parenteral nutrition and subcutaneous octreotide injections, which resulted in a significant reduction of the amount of chylous ascites drained during regular paracentesis.
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PMID:Chylous Ascites in a Patient with Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor. 2074 Jan 78

A middle aged lady presented with gradual increase in shortness of breath and reduced vision bilaterally. The patient had no history of Diabetes mellitus, hypertension or any other co-morbid illness. Examination revealed signs of right sided heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and neovascularization of retina. Echocardiography confirmed pulmonary hypertension and fluorescence angiography confirmed neovascularization of retina. Treatment with Sildenafil resulted in symptomatic improvement.
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PMID:Primary pulmonary hypertension with retinal neovascularization. 2081 60


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